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Self-assembling nanoemulsion (N-XY) was found in Xiaoyaosan; but its pharmacokinetics remain unclear. To explore the physicochemical properties, active components, release kinetics, and\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    pharmacokinetic behavior of N-XY. Xiaoyaosan phase states were separated by centrifugal dialysis. N-XY was characterized using multiple analytical techniques, and active constituents against mammary gland hyperplasia were screened by HPLC fingerprinting combined with gray relational analysis (GRA).\n                    <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    release was evaluated using dissolution studies, and\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    pharmacokinetics were assessed in an animal model.\n                    <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2013\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    correlation (IVIVC) was established by linear regression analysis. N-XY was isolated as a stable O\/W nanoemulsion retaining key bioactive components. HPLC with GRA indicated nine components, including glycyrrhizic acid, contributed to anti-mammary hyperplasia effects.\n                    <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    studies showed pH-responsive sustained release. Pharmacokinetics demonstrated prolonged\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    retention and increased systemic exposure compared with A-XY, with significant IVIVC for the main bioactive components. N-XY is the primary bioactive phase of Xiaoyaosan, exhibiting intrinsic sustained-release and absorption-enhancing properties. This study not only elucidates the material basis and delivery characteristics of Xiaoyaosan but also provides a novel strategy for the rational development and identification of effective phases in traditional Chinese medicine formulas.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/aeb385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T22:48:18Z","timestamp":1791931698000},"page":"435101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Characterization and pharmacokinetic evaluation of natural composition self-assembled nanoemulsion"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0761-8990","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Li","family":"Jiayi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Lianzhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Cao","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Lili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Zhu","family":"Meiwei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Zhang","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4282-9154","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guan","family":"Qingxia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"nanoaeb385bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.134404","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of chamomile volatile oil nanoemulsion\/Bletilla striata polysaccharides gels on atopic dermatitis","volume":"277","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. 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All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2026-03-09","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2026-10-13","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2026-10-27","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}