{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T02:26:47Z","timestamp":1782440807200,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,17]],"date-time":"2018-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/iop-standard\/v1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,17]],"date-time":"2018-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516147200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003329","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SO-2012-0234"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SO-2012-0234"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011199","name":"FP7 Ideas: European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["250207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["250207"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011199","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phys. Med. Biol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We present the performance of a highly granulated 3D detector module for PET, consisting of a stack of pixelated CdTe detectors. Each detector module has 2\u2009cm\u2009\u2009\u00d7\u2009\u20092\u2009cm\u2009\u2009\u00d7\u2009\u20092\u2009cm of CdTe material, subdivided into 4000 voxels, where each voxel has size 1\u2009mm\u2009\u2009\u00d7\u2009\u20091\u2009mm\u2009\u2009\u00d7\u2009\u20092\u2009mm and is connected to its own read-out electronics via a BiSn solder ball. Each read-out channel consists of a preamp, a discriminator, a shaper, a peak-and-hold circuit and a 10 bits SAR ADC. The preamp has variable gain where at the maximum gain the ADC resolution is equivalent to 0.7\u2009keV. Each ASIC chip reads 100 CdTe pixel channels and has one TDC to measure the time stamp of the triggered events, with a time resolution of less than 1 ns. With the bias voltage set at\u2009\u2009\u2212250\u2009V mm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    and for 17838 working channels out of a total of 20\u2009000, we have obtained an average energy resolution of 2.2% FWHM for 511\u2009keV photons. For 511\u2009keV photons that have undergone Compton scattering, we measured an energy resolution of 3.2% FWHM. A timing resolution for PET coincidence events of 60 ns FWHM was found.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/aaa44c","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,28]],"date-time":"2017-12-28T09:45:23Z","timestamp":1514454323000},"page":"025032","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["First results of a highly granulated 3D CdTe detector module for PET"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Mokhtar","family":"Chmeissani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Machiel","family":"Kolstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Gabriel Macias-Montero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carles","family":"Puigdengoles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Prats","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4598","DOI":"10.1109\/NSSMIC.2011.6154742","type":"other","article-title":"Characterization of CdTe detector for use in PET","author":"Ari\u00f1o","year":"2011"},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-0221\/8\/02\/C02015","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Energy and coincidence time resolution measurements of CdTe detectors for PET","volume":"8","author":"Ari\u00f1o","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Instrum."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nima.2011.06.059","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The AX-PET demonstrator\u2014design, construction and characterization","volume":"654","author":"Beltrame","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A"},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5394","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3635220","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Physical performance of the new hybrid PET\/CT discovery-690","volume":"38","author":"Bettinardi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-0221\/9\/06\/C06003","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Evaluation of Compton gamma camera prototype based on pixelated CdTe detectors","volume":"9","author":"Calder\u00f3n","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Instrum."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1109\/IMTC.2004.1351164","type":"other","article-title":"Charge sharing measurements of pixilated CdTe using Medipix-II chip","author":"Chmeissani","year":"2004"},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-0221\/8\/01\/C01030","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Pixelated CdTe detectors to overcome intrinsic limitations of crystal based positron emission mammographs","volume":"8","author":"De Lorenzo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Instrum."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3491","DOI":"10.3390\/s90503491","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Progress in the development of CdTe and CdZnTe semiconductor radiation detectors for astrophysical and medical applications","volume":"9","author":"Del Sordo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.4274\/Mirt.138","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Limits of tumor detestability in nuclear medicine and PET","volume":"21","author":"Erdi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Imaging Radionucl. Ther."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-9002(98)00641-X","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Evaluation of CdTe detectors with Schottky contacts for imaging applications","volume":"416","author":"Giboni","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A"},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12110853","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Performance of fdg pet\/ct in the clinical management of breast cancer","volume":"266","author":"Groheux","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/56\/6\/004","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Study of a high-resolution, 3D positioning cadmium zinc telluride detector for PET","volume":"56","author":"Gu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2375","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/56\/8\/004","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Physical and clinical performance of the mCT time-of-flight PET\/CT scanner","volume":"56","author":"Jakoby","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1109\/23.856713","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A modeling method to calibrate the interaction depth in 3D position sensitive CdZnTe gamma-ray spectrometers","volume":"47","author":"Li","year":"2000","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.109.064345","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Clinical imaging characteristics of the positron emission mammography camera: PEM Flex Solo II","volume":"50","author":"MacDonald","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2898","DOI":"10.1109\/TNS.2013.2270115","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Toward VIP-PIX: a low noise readout ASIC for pixelated CdTe gamma-ray detectors for use in the next generation of PET scanners","volume":"60","author":"Macias-Montero","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1109\/TNS.2015.2465377","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A 2D 4\u2009\u2009\u00d7\u2009\u20094 channel readout ASIC for pixelated CdTe detectors for medical imaging applications","volume":"62","author":"Macias-Montero","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1109\/23.682421","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Performance of a new Schottky CdTe detector for hard x-ray spectroscopy","volume":"45","author":"Matsumoto","year":"1998","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2013.2284657","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Simulation of the expected performance of a seamless scanner for brain PET based on highly pixelated CdTe detectors","volume":"33","author":"Mikhaylova","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1109\/TNS.2011.2146790","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Development of a 3D brain PET scanner using CdTe semiconductor detectors and its first clinical application","volume":"58","author":"Morimoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nima.2010.11.092","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Fundamental limits of spatial resolution in PET","volume":"648","author":"Moses","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A"},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib023","author":"NEMA","year":"2001","journal-title":"Performance Measurements of Positron Emission Tomographs NEMA Standards Publication","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1109\/TNS.2010.2042177","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A pulsed bias voltage shutdown circuit for a matrix readout system of a CdTe radiation detector","volume":"57","author":"Seino","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5176","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3627149","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Investigating the limit of detectability of a positron emission mammography device: a phantom study","volume":"38","author":"Shkumat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib026","first-page":"471","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Performance of philips gemini TF PET\/CT scanner with special consideration for its time-of-flight imaging capabilities","volume":"48","author":"Surti","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5895","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/55\/19\/018","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Performance characterization of a new high resolution PET scintillation detector","volume":"55","author":"Vandenbroucke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3816","DOI":"10.1109\/NSSMIC.2007.4436952","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A prototype CZT-based PET scanner for high resolution mouse brain imaging","volume":"5","author":"Vaska","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE NSS and MIC Conf. Record"},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib029","article-title":"\u2018Voxel imaging PET pathfinder project\u2019","author":"VIP","year":"2010","type":"web-resource"},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1109\/TNS.2002.998689","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The ECAT HRRT performance and first clinical application of the new high resolution research tomograph HRRT","volume":"49","author":"Wienhard","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/51\/9\/001","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Depth of interaction resolution measurements for a high resolution PET detector using position sensitive avalanche photodiodes","volume":"51","author":"Yang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbaaa44cbib032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2010.11.012","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Metabolic PET imaging in cancer detection and therapyresponse","volume":"38","author":"Zhu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin. Oncol."}],"container-title":["Physics in Medicine &amp; Biology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/stacks.iop.org\/0031-9155\/63\/i=2\/a=025032?key=crossref.88ec85d393ebb3b7195784e242717dc7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/aaa44c\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/stacks.iop.org\/0031-9155\/63\/i=2\/a=025032\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/aaa44c","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/aaa44c","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/aaa44c\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/aaa44c\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/aaa44c\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/aaa44c\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/stacks.iop.org\/0031-9155\/63\/i=2\/a=025032\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/stacks.iop.org\/0031-9155\/63\/i=2\/a=025032?key=crossref.88ec85d393ebb3b7195784e242717dc7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/aaa44c\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T13:33:54Z","timestamp":1775914434000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/aaa44c"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/aaa44c","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9155","1361-6560"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-9155","type":"print"},{"value":"1361-6560","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"First results of a highly granulated 3D CdTe detector module for PET","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Physics in Medicine & Biology","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2017-07-10","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2017-12-28","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2018-01-17","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}