{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T18:02:13Z","timestamp":1793901733849,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]],"date-time":"2020-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]],"date-time":"2020-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582848000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grants-in-Aid","award":["Program for Leading Graduate Schools from the Japa"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Program for Leading Graduate Schools from the Japa"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phys. Med. Biol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The Compton camera can simultaneously acquire images of multiple isotopes injected in a body; therefore, it has the potential to introduce a new subfield in the field of biomedical imaging applications. The objective of this study is to assess the ability of a prototype semiconductor-based silicon\/cadmium telluride (Si\/CdTe) Compton camera to simultaneously image the distributions of technetium (<jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>Tc)-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) (141\u2009keV emission) and <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) (511\u2009keV emission) injected into a human volunteer.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>Tc-DMSA and <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG were injected intravenously into a 25-year-old male volunteer. The distributions of <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>Tc-DMSA and <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG were simultaneously made visible by setting a specified energy window for each radioisotope. The images of these radiopharmaceuticals acquired using the prototype Compton camera were superimposed onto computed tomography images for reference.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>The reconstructed image showed that <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>Tc-DMSA had accumulated in both kidneys, which is consistent with the well-known diagnostic distribution determined by clinical imaging via single-photon emission computed tomography. In the <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG image, there is broad distribution around the liver and kidneys, which was expected based on routine clinical positron emission tomography imaging.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>The current study demonstrated for the first time that the Si\/CdTe Compton camera was capable of simultaneously imaging the distributions of two radiopharmaceuticals, <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>Tc-DMSA and <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG, in a human body. These results suggest that the Si\/CdTe Compton camera has the potential to become a novel modality for nuclear medical diagnoses enabling multi-probe simultaneous tracking.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab33d8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,19]],"date-time":"2019-07-19T22:45:41Z","timestamp":1563576341000},"page":"05LT01","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Imaging of <sup>99m<\/sup>Tc-DMSA and <sup>18<\/sup>F-FDG in humans using a Si\/CdTe Compton camera"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Takashi","family":"Nakano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9928-2375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Makoto","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3051-1613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kota","family":"Torikai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shin\u2019ichiro","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shin-ei","family":"Noda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3412-4066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitsutaka","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuto","family":"Nagao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikiko","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Odaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomihiro","family":"Kamiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3991-5035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoki","family":"Kawachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shin","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Arakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadayuki","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"pmbab33d8bib001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2218","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-018-4129-6","article-title":"The SNMMI and EANM practice guideline for renal scintigraphy in adults","volume":"45","author":"Blaufox","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s11307-012-0600-0","article-title":"Dynamic changes of FDG uptake and clearance in normal tissues","volume":"15","author":"Cheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Imaging Biol."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/aaa203","article-title":"3D prompt gamma imaging for proton beam range verification","volume":"63","author":"Draeger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8794","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/aa926a","article-title":"Compton camera study for high efficiency SPECT and benchmark with Anger system","volume":"62","author":"Fontana","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.17.18379","article-title":"Unenhanced MRI as an alternative to 99mTc-labeled dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy in the detection of pediatric renal scarring","volume":"210","author":"Freeman","year":"2018","journal-title":"AJR Am. J. Roentgenol."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-018-1320-6","article-title":"Investigation of the relation between administered dose and image quality for pediatric 99mTc-DMSA renal scintigraphy: clinical study applying the JSNM (Japanese Society of Nuclear Medicine) pediatric dosage card","volume":"33","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2013.01.008","article-title":"Standardized uptake values for [18F] FDG in normal organ tissues: comparison of whole-body PET\/CT and PET\/MRI","volume":"82","author":"Heusch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Radiol."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3127","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/61\/8\/3127","article-title":"Proton therapy monitoring by Compton imaging: influence of the large energy spectrum of the prompt-\u03b3 radiation","volume":"61","author":"Hilaire","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/aab737","article-title":"A low-count reconstruction algorithm for Compton-based prompt gamma imaging","volume":"63","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1007\/s10534-005-4775-6","article-title":"Multitracer screening: brain delivery of trace elements by eight different administration methods","volume":"18","author":"Kanayama","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biometals"},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-002-1016-x","article-title":"Quantifying tumour hypoxia with fluorine-18 fluoroerythronitroimidazole ([18F]FETNIM) and PET using the tumour to plasma ratio","volume":"30","author":"Lehti\u00f6","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib012","first-page":"1632","article-title":"Reproducibility of renal length measurements with 99mTc-DMSA SPECT","volume":"41","author":"Lin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.4257","article-title":"Dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy versus ultrasound for renal parenchymal defects in children","volume":"11","author":"Maryse","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can. Urol. Assoc. J."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/aac8cd","article-title":"Study and comparison of different sensitivity models for a two-plane Compton camera","volume":"63","author":"Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7321","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/aa8070","article-title":"Performance evaluation of MACACO: a multilayer Compton camera","volume":"62","author":"Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5837","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/61\/15\/5837","article-title":"Development of a novel handheld intra-operative laparoscopic Compton camera for (18)F-Fluoro-2-deoxy-2-D-glucose-guided surgery","volume":"61","author":"Nakamura","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.114.143347","article-title":"18F-FDG PET and perfusion SPECT in the diagnosis of alzheimer and lewy body dementias","volume":"55","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/60\/5\/1845","article-title":"Noise evaluation of compton camera imaging for proton therapy","volume":"60","author":"Ortega","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab00b2","article-title":"Annihilation gamma imaging for carbon ion beam range monitoring using Si\/CdTe Compton camera","volume":"64","author":"Parajuli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2795","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/aa6068","article-title":"Requirements for a Compton camera for in vivo range verification of proton therapy","volume":"62","author":"Rohling","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/aae1d1","article-title":"In vivo simultaneous imaging with 99mTc and 18F using a Compton camera","volume":"63","author":"Sakai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1053\/snuc.2002.29274","article-title":"18F-deoxyglucose and the assessment of myocardial viability","volume":"32","author":"Schelbert","year":"2002","journal-title":"Semin. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2512081440","article-title":"Pediatric 99mTc-DMSA SPECT performed by using iterative reconstruction with isotropic resolution recovery: improved image quality and reduced radiopharmaceutical activity","volume":"251","author":"Sheehy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2015.02.002","article-title":"Advances in SPECT and PET hardware","volume":"57","author":"Slomka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5149","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/61\/14\/5149","article-title":"Performance of MACACO Compton telescope for ion-beam therapy monitoring: first test with proton beams","volume":"61","author":"Solevi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.13121194","article-title":"Three-dimensional and multienergy gamma-ray simultaneous imaging by using a Si\/CdTe Compton camera","volume":"267","author":"Suzuki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.newar.2003.11.047","article-title":"Hard x-ray and gamma-ray detectors for the NEXT mission","volume":"48","author":"Takahashi","year":"2004","journal-title":"New Astron. Rev."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib028","article-title":"High-resolution CdTe detectors and their application to gamma-ray imaging","author":"Takahashi","year":"2012"},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1109\/TNS.2011.2178432","article-title":"Demonstration of in vivo multi-probe tracker based on a Si\/CdTe semiconductor Compton camera","volume":"59","author":"Takeda","year":"2012","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4796","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4927061","article-title":"Review of SPECT collimator selection, optimization, and fabrication for clinical and preclinical imaging","volume":"42","author":"Van Audenhaege","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22608","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of Tc-99m DMSA scintigraphy and renal ultrasonography for detecting renal scarring and relative function in patients with spinal dysraphism","volume":"34","author":"Veenboer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8521","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/61\/24\/8521","article-title":"Feasibility study of Compton cameras for x-ray fluorescence computed tomography with humans","volume":"61","author":"Vernekohl","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.1109\/TNS.2005.856995","article-title":"A Si\/CdTe semiconductor Compton camera","volume":"52","author":"Watanabe","year":"2005","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci."},{"key":"pmbab33d8bib034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nima.2014.05.127","article-title":"The Si\/CdTe semiconductor Compton camera of the ASTRO-H soft gamma-ray detector (SDG)","volume":"765","author":"Watanabe","year":"2014","journal-title":"NIM A"}],"container-title":["Physics in Medicine &amp; Biology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab33d8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab33d8\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab33d8\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab33d8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab33d8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab33d8\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab33d8\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab33d8\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab33d8\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab33d8\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab33d8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab33d8\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,25]],"date-time":"2021-11-25T00:23:47Z","timestamp":1637799827000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab33d8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab33d8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9155","1361-6560"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-9155","type":"print"},{"value":"1361-6560","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Imaging of 99mTc-DMSA and 18F-FDG in humans using a Si\/CdTe Compton camera","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Physics in Medicine & Biology","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2019-03-22","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2019-07-19","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2020-02-28","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}