{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T14:50:30Z","timestamp":1765637430506,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]],"date-time":"2020-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/iop-standard\/v1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]],"date-time":"2020-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606953600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Foundation","award":["EPSCoR#1539068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EPSCoR#1539068"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01-AG062480"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-AG062480"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phys. Med. Biol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Extremely preterm infants\u2019 hemodynamic instability places them at high risk of brain injury. Currently there is no reliable bedside method to continuously monitor cerebral hemodynamics in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). This paper reports a feasibility study to adapt and test an innovative speckle contrast diffuse correlation tomography (scDCT) device for noncontact, high-density, 3D imaging of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in preterm infants. The scDCT scans a focused point near-infrared illumination to multiple source positions for deep tissue penetration, and controls an electron multiplying charge-coupled-device camera with thousands of pixels to achieve a high-density sampling. The optimized scDCT for use in preterm infants was first evaluated against an established diffuse correlation spectroscopy in an infant-head-simulating phantom with known properties. The observed significant correlation between the two measurements verified the capability of scDCT for transcranial brain imaging. The insignificant influence of transparent incubator wall on scDCT measurements was then confirmed by comparing adult forearm blood flow responses to artery cuff occlusions measured inside and outside the incubator. Finally, the scDCT device was moved to the NICU to image CBF variations in two preterm infants. Infant #1 with no major organ deficits showed little CBF fluctuation over the first 3 weeks of life. Infant #2 showed a significant CBF increase after the 2 h pharmacotherapy for patent ductus arteriosus closure. While these CBF variations meet physiological expectations, the fact that no significant changes are noted with peripheral monitoring of blood oxygen saturation suggests necessity of direct cerebral monitoring. This feasibility study with timely technology development is an important and necessary step towards larger clinical studies with more subjects to further validate it for continuous monitoring and instant management of cerebral pathologies and interventions in the NICU.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/abc5a7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]],"date-time":"2020-10-28T18:31:21Z","timestamp":1603909881000},"page":"245009","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Noncontact optical imaging of brain hemodynamics in preterm infants: a preliminary study"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4414-7007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elie G","family":"Abu Jawdeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5260-9112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5683-9866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siavash","family":"Mazdeyasna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrietta S","family":"Bada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guoqiang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000003415","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A novel noncontact diffuse correlation spectroscopy device for assessing blood flow in mastectomy skin flaps: a prospective study in patients undergoing prosthesis-based reconstruction","volume":"140","author":"Agochukwu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.10.017","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cerebral blood flow and oximetry response to blood transfusion in relation to chronological age in preterm infants","volume":"97","author":"Banerjee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Early Hum. Dev."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-10-S1-S2","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Born too soon: the global epidemiology of 15 million preterm births","volume":"10","author":"Blencowe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1855","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.75.1855","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Scattering and imaging with diffusing temporal field correlations","volume":"75","author":"Boas","year":"1995","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.3285504","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Laser speckle contrast imaging in biomedical optics","volume":"15","author":"Boas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.NPh.3.3.031412","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Establishing the diffuse correlation spectroscopy signal relationship with blood flow","volume":"3","author":"Boas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurophotonics"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.14.000192","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Spatially varying dynamical properties of turbid media probed with diffusing temporal light correlation","volume":"14","author":"Boas","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Opt. Soc. Am. A"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12571","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.17.012571","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cerebral hemodynamics in preterm infants during positional intervention measured with diffuse correlation spectroscopy and transcranial Doppler ultrasound","volume":"17","author":"Buckley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.NPh.1.1.011009","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Diffuse correlation spectroscopy for measurement of cerebral blood flow: future prospects","volume":"1","author":"Buckley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurophotonics"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.05.069","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Noninvasive optical evaluation of spontaneous low frequency oscillations in cerebral hemodynamics","volume":"62","author":"Cheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.19.1.017001","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Near-infrared diffuse optical monitoring of cerebral blood flow and oxygenation for the prediction of vasovagal syncope","volume":"19","author":"Cheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/46\/8\/302","type":"journal-article","article-title":"In vivo cerebrovascular measurement combining diffuse near-infrared absorption and correlation spectroscopies","volume":"46","author":"Cheung","year":"2001","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2016.148","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Near-infrared spectroscopy for detection of a significant patent ductus arteriosus","volume":"80","author":"Chock","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.3290820","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Temperature-dependent optical properties of Intralipid\u00ae measured with frequency-domain photon-migration spectroscopy","volume":"15","author":"Cletus","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.06.017","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Diffuse correlation spectroscopy for non-invasive, micro-vascular cerebral blood flow measurement","volume":"85","author":"Durduran","year":"2014","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.3425884","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Optical measurement of cerebral hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism in neonates with congenital heart defects","volume":"15","author":"Durduran","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhu320","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Functional imaging of the developing brain at the bedside using diffuse optical tomography","volume":"26","author":"Ferradal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.NPh.3.3.031407","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cerebral oximetry in preterm infants: an agenda for research with a clear clinical goal","volume":"3","author":"Greisen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurophotonics"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1364\/BIOMED.2012.JM3A.8","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Noninvasive optical quantification of absolute blood flow, blood oxygenation, and oxygen consumption rate in exercising skeletal muscle","volume":"17","author":"Gurley","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4155","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/47\/23\/303","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Three-dimensional optical tomography of the premature infant brain","volume":"47","author":"Hebden","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2017.08.015","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Clinical neuroimaging in the preterm infant: diagnosis and prognosis","volume":"16","author":"Hinojosa-Rodriguez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTQE.2018.2854597","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A wearable fiberless optical sensor for continuous monitoring of cerebral blood flow in mice","volume":"25","author":"Huang","year":"2019a","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4000","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4922206","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Speckle contrast diffuse correlation tomography of complex turbid medium flow","volume":"42","author":"Huang","year":"2015a","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2017.2708661","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Noncontact 3-dimensional speckle contrast diffuse correlation tomography of tissue blood flow distribution","volume":"36","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8808","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.54.008808","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Alignment of sources and detectors on breast surface for noncontact diffuse correlation tomography of breast tumors","volume":"54","author":"Huang","year":"2015b","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.05.047","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Noninvasive noncontact speckle contrast diffuse correlation tomography of cerebral blood flow in rats","volume":"198","author":"Huang","year":"2019b","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.20.7.075008","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Noncontact diffuse optical assessment of blood flow changes in head and neck free tissue transfer flaps","volume":"20","author":"Huang","year":"2015c","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib28","first-page":"A4533","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Clinical use of cerebral oximetry in extremely preterm infants is feasible","volume":"60","author":"Hyttel-Sorensen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dan Med. J."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"g7635","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g7635","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cerebral near infrared spectroscopy oximetry in extremely preterm infants: phase II randomised clinical trial","volume":"350","author":"Hyttel-Sorensen","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.2.001969","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Influences of tissue absorption and scattering on diffuse correlation spectroscopy blood flow measurements","volume":"2","author":"Irwin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2013.214","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cerebral oxygen metabolism in neonates with congenital heart disease quantified by MRI and optics","volume":"34","author":"Jain","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Cerebral Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-009-9305-x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Noninvasive measurement of cerebral blood flow and blood oxygenation using near-infrared and diffuse correlation spectroscopies in critically brain-Injured adults","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1080\/14737175.2017.1346472","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Measuring cerebrovascular autoregulation in preterm infants using near-infrared spectroscopy: an overview of the literature","volume":"17","author":"Kooi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Neurother."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4869469","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Three-dimensional flow contrast imaging of deep tissue using noncontact diffuse correlation tomography","volume":"104","author":"Lin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2013.10.013","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Noninvasive optical quantification of cerebral venous oxygen saturation in humans","volume":"21","author":"Lynch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acad. Radiol."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.23.9.096005","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Noncontact speckle contrast diffuse correlation tomography of blood flow distributions in tissues with arbitrary geometries","volume":"23","author":"Mazdeyasna","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-008-9077-8","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Monitoring with the Somanetics INVOS 5100C after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"9","author":"Naidech","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2015.02.004","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Hemodynamic antecedents of peri\/intraventricular hemorrhage in very preterm neonates","volume":"20","author":"Noori","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin. Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1159\/000381749","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Successful treatment with ultrasound-guided aspiration of intractable methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus brain abscess in an extremely low birth weight infant","volume":"50","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr. Neurosurg."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.05.004","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A review on continuous wave functional near-infrared spectroscopy and imaging instrumentation and methodology","volume":"85","author":"Scholkmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1051\/ject\/201547032","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Impact of intraoperative events on cerebral tissue oximetry in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"47","author":"Severdija","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Extra Corpor. Technol."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3015","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/56\/10\/008","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cerebral monitoring during carotid endarterectomy using near-infrared diffuse optical spectroscopies and electroencephalogram","volume":"56","author":"Shang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib43","first-page":"128","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) for assessment of tissue blood flow in skeletal muscle: recent progress","volume":"3","author":"Shang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anat. Physiol. Curr. Res."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4876216","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Extraction of diffuse correlation spectroscopy flow index by integration of Nth-order linear model with Monte Carlo simulation","volume":"104","author":"Shang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3556","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.34.003556","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Portable optical tissue flow oximeter based on diffuse correlation spectroscopy","volume":"34","author":"Shang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1159\/000097131","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Near-infrared spectroscopy as a screening tool for patent ductus arteriosus in extremely low birth weight infants","volume":"91","author":"Underwood","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2609","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24027","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Anatomy-guided joint tissue segmentation and topological correction for 6-month infant brain MRI with risk of autism","volume":"39","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.08.094","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Bedside optical imaging of occipital resting-state functional connectivity in neonates","volume":"59","author":"White","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2931","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.42.002931","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Frequency-domain multiplexing system for in vivo diffuse light measurements of rapid cerebral hemodynamics","volume":"42","author":"Yu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.15.001064","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Validation of diffuse correlation spectroscopy for muscle blood flow with concurrent arterial spin labeled perfusion MRI","volume":"15","author":"Yu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"article-title":"Noncontact three-dimensional diffuse optical imaging of deep tissue blood flow distribution","year":"2016","author":"Yu","key":"pmbabc5a7bib51","type":"patent"},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2006.02209.x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus reduces the cerebral tissue oxygenation index in preterm infants: a near-infrared spectroscopy and Doppler study","volume":"48","author":"Zaramella","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatr. Int."},{"key":"pmbabc5a7bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1891345","type":"journal-article","article-title":"In vivo determination of the optical properties of infant brain using frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy","volume":"10","author":"Zhao","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."}],"container-title":["Physics in Medicine &amp; Biology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/abc5a7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/abc5a7\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/abc5a7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/abc5a7\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/abc5a7\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/abc5a7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/abc5a7\/ampdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/abc5a7\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/abc5a7\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/abc5a7\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/abc5a7\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/abc5a7\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/abc5a7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T14:45:43Z","timestamp":1765637143000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/abc5a7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"24","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/abc5a7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9155","1361-6560"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0031-9155"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1361-6560"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Noncontact optical imaging of brain hemodynamics in preterm infants: a preliminary study","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Physics in Medicine & Biology","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2020-06-24","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2020-10-28","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2020-12-03","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}