{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T08:47:30Z","timestamp":1785746850140,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/iop-standard\/v1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/questions\/alternative-author-rights-policies\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/questions\/alternative-author-rights-policies\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NRF-2024-00334621"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2024-00334621"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phys. Med. Biol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective.<\/jats:italic>\n Minor anatomical changes from evolving edema during breast radiotherapy can compromise skin dose, particularly for volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). This study experimentally evaluated the robustness of conventional, skin-flash, and robust-optimization-based VMAT techniques against simulated contour variations using phantom-based surface dosimetry.\n Approach.<\/jats:italic>\n Two configurations of an anthropomorphic phantom simulated clinical scenarios: with a breast attachment (large\/reconstructed) and without (small\/postmastectomy flat chest wall). Four plans were compared: 3D-CRT, conventional VMAT, VMAT with skin-flash, and VMAT with robust optimization (RO). Plan robustness was assessed via treatment planning system (TPS) simulations and physical optically stimulated luminescence dosimeter (OSLD) measurements at five surface points. To simulate controlled rigid surface contour change, the couch was shifted anterior-posteriorly by\n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \u00b1<\/mml:mo>\n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n ,\n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \u00b1<\/mml:mo>\n 4<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n , and\n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \u00b1<\/mml:mo>\n 6<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n mm as a simplified surrogate for edema-induced variations. Shifted OSLD measurements were normalized to the 0 mm baseline, and absolute dose deviations were evaluated against the 3D-CRT reference.\n Main Results.<\/jats:italic>\n TPS simulations suggested VMAT with skin-flash offered the greatest stability; however, physical measurements showed the opposite. Conventional VMAT was more variable than 3D-CRT (SD 9.47% vs 3.62% at\n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \u00b1<\/mml:mo>\n 6<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n mm), and the evaluated VMAT with skin-flash implementation was the least robust (SD 12.60%; worst-case minimum dose 62.49% with 75% of points outside\n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \u00b1<\/mml:mo>\n 5<\/mml:mn>\n %<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n ), despite its favorable TPS prediction. In contrast, VMAT with RO approached the stability of 3D-CRT (SD 5.48%) and showed even smaller deviations than 3D-CRT in the phantom with a breast attachment.\n Significant.<\/jats:italic>\n These physical measurements demonstrate that, contrary to TPS predictions, the evaluated VMAT with skin-flash implementation does not ensure skin-dose robustness, whereas VMAT with RO substantially improved robustness to a level comparable to that of 3D-CRT, with the greatest benefit observed in the phantom with a breast attachment.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/ae8ca5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T22:55:45Z","timestamp":1784328945000},"page":"155007","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of skin dose robustness in breast radiotherapy using VMAT planning technique: a phantom-based surface dosimetry study"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"71","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1790-0297","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dohyeon","family":"Yoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine & Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9120-6132","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chae-Seon","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine & Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoyeon","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine & Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6434-3491","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Deok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine & Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YunJoong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine & Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Woo Shik","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine & Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryeong Hwang","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine & Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangjoon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine & Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seo Hee","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine & Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jee Suk","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine & Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4652-8682","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hojin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine & Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2014.10.005","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Evaluation of axillary dose coverage following whole breast radiotherapy: variation with the breast volume and shape","volume":"114","author":"Aguiar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiother. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phro.2018.05.006","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Breast-shape changes during radiation therapy after breast-conserving surgery","volume":"6","author":"Alderliesten","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. Imaging Radiat. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2003.08.005","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Impact of radiation therapy on acute toxicity in breast conservation therapy for early breast cancer","volume":"16","author":"Back","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdz173","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Senkus E and ESMO Guidelines Committee 2019 early breast cancer: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up","volume":"30","author":"Cardoso","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.4048\/jbc.2022.25.e37","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Intensity modulated radiotherapy and volumetric modulated arc therapy in the treatment of breast cancer: an updated review","volume":"25","author":"Chang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Breast Cancer."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adro.2025.101733","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Volumetric modulated arc therapy for 26 Gy in 5 fractions whole breast irradiation for breast cancer","volume":"10","author":"Choi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Radiat. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2020.12.053","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Risk of cardiac disease in patients with breast cancer: impact of patient-specific factors and individual heart dose from three-dimensional radiation therapy planning","volume":"110","author":"Chung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1209825","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Risk of ischemic heart disease in women after radiotherapy for breast cancer","volume":"368","author":"Darby","year":"2013","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2016.07.680","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Skin dose evaluation for 3DCRT and VMAT breast cancer techniques","volume":"32","author":"Dias","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys. Med."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61629-2","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effect of radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery on 10-year recurrence and 15-year breast cancer death: meta-analysis of individual patient data for 10 801 women in 17 randomised trials","volume":"378","author":"Early Breast Cancer Trialists\u2019 Collaborative Group","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.5114\/wo.2017.70114","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Assessment of the accuracy of dose calculation in the build-up region of the tangential field of the breast for a radiotherapy treatment planning system","volume":"21","author":"Farhood","year":"2017","journal-title":"Contemp. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adro.2024.101535","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Intensity modulated therapy for patients with breast cancer. Practical guidelines and tips for an effective treatment planning strategy","volume":"9","author":"Fogliata","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Radiat. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3556559","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Minimax optimization for handling range and setup uncertainties in proton therapy","volume":"38","author":"Fredriksson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib14","author":"Hall","year":"2006","edition":"6th edn","type":"book"},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5043","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13205043","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Modern rotational radiation techniques with volumetric modulated arc therapy or helical tomotherapy for optimal sparing of the lung and heart in left-breast cancer radiotherapy plus regional nodal irradiation: a comparative dosimetric analysis","volume":"13","author":"Hou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3857\/roj.2019.00577","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Recent trends in intensity-modulated radiation therapy use in Korea","volume":"37","author":"Huh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiat. Oncol. J."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.597396","type":"report","article-title":"ICRU report 50: prescribing, recording and reporting photon beam therapy","author":"Jones","year":"1994"},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4594","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2804555","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Characterization of optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters, OSLDs, for clinical dosimetric measurements","volume":"34","author":"Jursinic","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3955","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3596533","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Angular dependence of the nanoDot OSL dosimeter","volume":"38","author":"Kerns","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33525","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Hypofractionated volumetric-modulated arc therapy for breast cancer: a propensity-score-weighted comparison of radiation-related toxicity","volume":"149","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.645328","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Dosimetric comparison of radiation techniques for comprehensive regional nodal radiation therapy for left-sided breast cancer: a treatment planning study","volume":"11","author":"Ko","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.00124","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Hypofractionated radiotherapy dose scheme and application of new techniques are associated with a lower incidence of radiation pneumonitis in breast cancer patients","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.06.091","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Radiation dose\u2013volume effects in the lung","volume":"76","author":"Marks","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60488-8","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effect of radiotherapy after mastectomy and axillary surgery on 10-year recurrence and 20-year breast cancer mortality: meta-analysis of individual patient data for 8135 women in 22 randomised trials","volume":"383","author":"McGale","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1754-9485.2012.02434.x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Inter- and intra-fraction motion during radiation therapy to the whole breast in the supine position: a systematic review","volume":"56","author":"Michalski","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Med. Imaging Radiat. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phro.2025.100810","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Performance evaluation of a new automated skin flash method for radiotherapy of breast cancer","volume":"35","author":"Nyk\u00e4nen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phys. Imaging Radiat. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2014.11.030","type":"journal-article","article-title":"ESTRO consensus guideline on target volume delineation for elective radiation therapy of early stage breast cancer","volume":"114","author":"Offersen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiother. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib28","article-title":"Medical dosimetry using optically stimulated luminescence dots and microStar readers","author":"Perks","year":"2008","type":"conference-proceedings"},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2085","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.15.2488","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A multicenter randomized trial of breast intensity-modulated radiation therapy to reduce acute radiation dermatitis","volume":"26","author":"Pignol","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.05.038","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Volumetric modulated arc therapy improves dosimetry and reduces treatment time compared to conventional intensity-modulated radiotherapy for locoregional radiotherapy of left-sided breast cancer and internal mammary nodes","volume":"76","author":"Popescu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.2478\/raon-2018-0026","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Breast size impact on adjuvant radiotherapy adverse effects and dose parameters in treatment planning","volume":"52","author":"Ratosa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiol. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib32","author":"RaySearch Laboratories AB","year":"2023","type":"book"},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3097283","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The energy dependence and dose response of a commercial optically stimulated luminescent detector for kilovoltage photon, megavoltage photon, and electron, proton, and carbon beams","volume":"36","author":"Reft","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncs086","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Characterisation of energy response of Al2O3:C optically stimulated luminescent dosemeters (OSLDs) using cavity theory","volume":"153","author":"Scarboro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiat. Prot. Dosimetry"},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-7-145","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Phase I-II study of hypofractionated simultaneous integrated boost using volumetric modulated arc therapy for adjuvant radiation therapy in breast cancer patients: a report of feasibility and early toxicity results in the first 50 treatments","volume":"7","author":"Scorsetti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiat. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2019.07.021","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Breast deformation during the course of radiotherapy: the need for an additional outer margin","volume":"65","author":"Sepp\u00e4l\u00e4","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys. Med."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60348-7","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The UK Standardisation of Breast Radiotherapy (START) Trial B of radiotherapy hypofractionation for treatment of early breast cancer: a randomised trial","volume":"371","author":"START Trialists\u2019 Group","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-023-02217-4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Dosimetric comparison of two dose expansion methods in intensity modulated radiotherapy for breast cancer","volume":"18","author":"Tang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Radiat. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phro.2019.08.004","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Dosimetric impact of placement errors in optically stimulated luminescent in vivo dosimetry in radiotherapy","volume":"11","author":"Tariq","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys. Imaging Radiat. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2015.06.007","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cardiac side-effects from breast cancer radiotherapy","volume":"27","author":"Taylor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2010.07.032","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effects of setup errors and shape changes on breast radiotherapy","volume":"79","author":"Van Mourik","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"pmbae8ca5bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.03.056","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Clinical factors associated with seroma volume reduction in breast-conserving therapy for early-stage breast cancer: a multi-institutional analysis","volume":"76","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."}],"container-title":["Physics in Medicine & Biology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ae8ca5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ae8ca5\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ae8ca5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ae8ca5\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ae8ca5\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ae8ca5\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ae8ca5\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ae8ca5\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T08:20:28Z","timestamp":1785745228000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ae8ca5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ae8ca5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9155","1361-6560"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-9155","type":"print"},{"value":"1361-6560","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Evaluation of skin dose robustness in breast radiotherapy using VMAT planning technique: a phantom-based surface dosimetry study","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Physics in Medicine & Biology","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2026-04-16","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2026-07-17","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2026-08-03","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}