{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T23:38:56Z","timestamp":1792625936155,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health","award":["R01EB031051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EB031051"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health","award":["R01HL132600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL132600"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health","award":["R01HL150891"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL150891"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health","award":["R56EB028287"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R56EB028287"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phys. Med. Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Abstract&amp;#xD;Objective. To develop an automated method for segmentation and uptake quantification of&amp;#xD;carotid atherosclerotic inflammation on 64Cu-CANF-comb PET while accounting for&amp;#xD;partial-volume and tissue-fraction effects.&amp;#xD;Approach. Synthetic carotid PET images with known fractional-volume ground truth were&amp;#xD;generated by combining MR-derived high-resolution activity maps with GATE Monte&amp;#xD;Carlo simulation incorporating major PET physical processes and matched to the&amp;#xD;Biograph mMR acquisition and reconstruction. A two-stage network first localized the&amp;#xD;carotid vessel wall from T1-weighted MR and then estimated voxel-wise inflammation&amp;#xD;fraction from masked PET. Both stages used a multiscale residual (MSR) convolutional&amp;#xD;backbone. Performance was compared with U-Net, Transformer U-Net, DUCK-Net, and&amp;#xD;iterative Yang partial-volume correction.&amp;#xD;Main results. In a two-alternative forced-choice study, five nuclear-medicine physicians&amp;#xD;identified real images with 54% accuracy (54\/100; Wilson 95% CI 0.44\u20130.63; exact&amp;#xD;binomial p = 0.48). On 184 simulated test slices from five held-out patients, the proposed&amp;#xD;method achieved a weighted DSC of 0.79, compared with 0.73 for U-Net, 0.69 for&amp;#xD;Transformer U-Net, and 0.75 for DUCK-Net, with corresponding HD values of 1.85, 2.29,&amp;#xD;2.32, and 2.23 voxels. Patient-cluster bootstrap comparisons favored the proposed method&amp;#xD;for DSC and HD against all three baselines (Holm-corrected p \u2264 0.031). Overall ENRMSE&amp;#xD;was 0.24 versus 0.59, 0.68, and 0.59 for the three DL baselines and 0.57 for iterative Yang.&amp;#xD;In seven patients, corrected SUV showed a positive association with MR-derived&amp;#xD;lipid-rich\/necrotic core with hemorrhage.&amp;#xD;Significance. The proposed framework improved carotid PET segmentation and uptake&amp;#xD;quantification under simulated conditions. The patient analysis is preliminary and requires&amp;#xD;external validation with biological reference standards before clinical deployment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/aeb798","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T23:00:20Z","timestamp":1792623620000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Automated carotid artery atherosclerotic inflammation segmentation in PET using MSR-Net"],"prefix":"10.1088","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8647-1580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ran","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University in St. Louis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4795-4878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abhinav K","family":"Jha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University in St. Louis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University in St. Louis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Laforest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University in St. Louis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongjian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University in St. Louis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Zayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University in St. Louis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyler J","family":"Fraum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University in St. Louis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barry A","family":"Siegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University in St. Louis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malak","family":"Itani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University in St. Louis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyce C","family":"Mhlanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University in St. Louis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9012-0812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pamela K","family":"Woodard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University in St. Louis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"container-title":["Physics in Medicine &amp; Biology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/aeb798","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/aeb798\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/aeb798\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/aeb798\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T23:00:21Z","timestamp":1792623621000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/aeb798"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/aeb798","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9155","1361-6560"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-9155","type":"print"},{"value":"1361-6560","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]}}}