{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T15:02:12Z","timestamp":1785337332627,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Physiol. Meas."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Previous studies of finger pulse plethysmography have used large changes in finger height to assess how pressure influences light transmission. Light transmission is affected by pulsation transmitted from the arterial pressure, and also by the volume of blood held in the finger vasculature. Smaller changes of hand height, in relation to the neck, could elucidate more precisely the pressures and mechanisms associated with vascular volume changes.\n                    <jats:italic>Approach.<\/jats:italic>\n                    We studied 18 (15 male, 3 female) healthy young volunteers in warm quiet surroundings, with one arm supported horizontally at the level of the shoulder. Comparisons were made with the hand placed 5 cm above and 5 cm below the horizontal, in random sequence. Red and infrared transmission were recorded from a standard pulse oximeter finger probe. Sections of recording were chosen where short periods of vasoconstriction were absent. Total absorbance values at peak and trough, and absorbance pulse amplitude, were calculated. We compared measures in the two hand positions, and before and after inflation of a cuff at the wrist, within each subject.\n                    <jats:italic>Main results.<\/jats:italic>\n                    In the dependent position, infrared light absorbances were greater: peak, 0.054 (0.043, 0.070) and trough (0.053 (0.045, 0.069) (median, quartiles) (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.0001). Pulse amplitude was unaffected. Cuff inflation had no effect on the peak and trough values, but pulse amplitude decreased: the difference between paired values for infrared was 0.0049 (0.0075, 0.0015) and red, 0.0030 (0.0043, 0.0010) (median paired difference, 95% confidence limits). (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.005).\n                    <jats:italic>Significance.<\/jats:italic>\n                    The minimal effect of cuff venous obstruction supports previous work reporting flow limitation in venous drainage of the arm. Our observations suggest that an increase in filling pressure caused by lowering the hand by 10 cm increases overall blood volume in the finger, suggesting that the plethysmograph waveform may result from pressure changes much less than arterial.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6579\/ae7f7a","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T22:54:41Z","timestamp":1781823281000},"page":"075007","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Small changes in hand height alter absorbance, but not pulsation, in the finger pulse plethysmograph"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7968-7039","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Onur","family":"Howie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Edinburgh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6442-082X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jamie R K","family":"Marland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Edinburgh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0772-133X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ralph","family":"Shackleton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Edinburgh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7038-1887","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gordon","family":"Drummond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Edinburgh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib1","first-page":"191","type":"dataset","article-title":"Spontaneous volume changes in the extremities","volume":"21","author":"Abramson","year":"1941","unstructured":"Abramson D I Katzenstein K H Senior F A 1941 Spontaneous volume changes in the extremities Am. Heart J. 21 191 8 191\u20138 (available at: https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0002870341909675 )"},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib2","first-page":"541","type":"dataset","article-title":"Responses of blood vessels in the resting hand and forearm to various stimuli","volume":"19","author":"Abramson","year":"1940","unstructured":"Abramson D I Ferris E B 1940 Responses of blood vessels in the resting hand and forearm to various stimuli Am. Heart J. 19 541 53 541\u201353 (available at: https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0002870340901958 )"},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H349","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1991.261.2.H349","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effect of skin concavity on subcutaneous tissue fluid pressure","volume":"261","author":"Adair","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart. Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/23\/2\/312","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Microvascular blood flow and skin temperature changes in the fingers following a deep inspiratory gasp","volume":"23","author":"Allen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Physiol Meas."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1177\/000331978803900906","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Noninvasive measurement of the human peripheral circulation: relationship between laser Doppler flowmeter and photoplethysmograph signals from the finger","volume":"39","author":"Almond","year":"1988","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197511000-00004","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The effect of increased tissue pressure on blood flow","volume":"113","author":"Ashton","year":"1975","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2691","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X17709166","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Noninvasive optical monitoring of critical closing pressure and arteriole compliance in human subjects","volume":"37","author":"Baker","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1942.136.3.433","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A study by quantitative methods of the spontaneous variations in volume of the finger tip, toe tip, and postero-superior portion of the pinna of resting normal white adults","volume":"136","author":"Burch","year":"1942","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1951.4.5.329","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Relation between blood pressure and flow in the human forearm","volume":"4","author":"Burton","year":"1951","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1940.129.3.565","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A study of the adjustment of peripheral vascular tone to the requirements of the regulation of body temperature","volume":"129","author":"Burton","year":"1940","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1939.127.3.437","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The range and variability of the blood flow in the human fingers and the vasomotor regulation of body temperature","volume":"127","author":"Burton","year":"1939","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acvd.2017.03.008","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Influence of critical closing pressure on systemic vascular resistance and total arterial compliance: a clinical invasive study","volume":"110","author":"Chemla","year":"2017","journal-title":"Archiv. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib13","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Arterio\u2013venous anastomoses Physiol. Rev.","volume":"18","author":"Clark","year":"1938"},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1000540204","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Observations on living arterio-venous anastomoses as seen in transparent chambers introduced into the rabbit\u2019s ear","volume":"54","author":"Clark","year":"1934","journal-title":"Am. J. Anat."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0420243","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Total and nutritional blood flow in the finger","volume":"42","author":"Coffman","year":"1972","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1957.10.3.461","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Distensibility of blood vessels of the human calf determined by local application of subatmospheric pressures","volume":"10","author":"Coles","year":"1957","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7488\/ds\/8048","type":"dataset","article-title":"Absorbance of two light wavelengths through human fingertip during small changes in hand position, using a light transmission probe,","author":"Drummond","year":"2025","unstructured":"Drummond G Marland J Howie O 2025 Absorbance of two light wavelengths through human fingertip during small changes in hand position, using a light transmission probe, DataShare https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7488\/ds\/8048"},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1954.178.2.215","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Energy and hydraulic gradients along systemic veins","volume":"178","author":"Duomarco","year":"1954","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890008995937","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Physiological basis for human autonomic rhythms","volume":"32","author":"Eckberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann. Med."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1957.sp005904","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Vasomotor control of the cutaneous blood vessels in the human forearm","volume":"139","author":"Edholm","year":"1957","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.3390\/s23031434","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Overestimation of oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry in hypoxemia. Part 1: effect of optical pathlengths-ratio increase","volume":"23","author":"Elron","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5193(05)80281-4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Venous waterfalls in coronary circulation","volume":"149","author":"Gosselin","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Theor. Biol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1954.sp005178","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The effect of small degrees of venous distension on the apparent rate of blood inflow to the forearm","volume":"125","author":"Greenfield","year":"1954","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00022.2003","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Venous cuff pressures from 30 mmHg to diastolic pressure are recommended to measure arterial inflow by plethysmography","volume":"95","author":"Groothuis","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1080\/10739680601131234","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Wavelet analysis of skin perfusion in healthy volunteers","volume":"14","author":"H\u00e4fner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Microcirculation"},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00581240","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Skin AVA and capillary dilatation and constriction induced by local skin heating","volume":"404","author":"Hales","year":"1985","journal-title":"Pfl\u00fcgers Archiv"},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1159\/000167365","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The effects on pulmonary vascular resistance of inflation, transpulmonary air pressure, and pulmonary venous pressure","volume":"39","author":"Harasawa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cardiologia"},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-2862(81)90087-X","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Normal transcapillary pressures in human skeletal muscle and subcutaneous tissues","volume":"22","author":"Hargens","year":"1981","journal-title":"Microvasc. Res."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0700577","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effect of indirect heating on the postural control of skin blood flow in the human foot","volume":"70","author":"Hassan","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1938.124.2.328","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The blood supply of various skin areas as estimated by the photoelectric pletyhsmograph","volume":"124","author":"Hertzman","year":"1938","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/36\/425","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The effect of vascular changes on the photoplethysmographic signal at different hand elevations","volume":"36","author":"Hickey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiol. Meas."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R725","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1992.262.5.R725","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Gravity and the circulation: \u201copen\u201d vs. \u201cclosed\u201d systems","volume":"262","author":"Hicks","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1941.134.2.292","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The collapse factor in the measurement of venous pressure","volume":"134","author":"Holt","year":"1941","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3168362","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Flow in collapsible tubes: a brief review","volume":"111","author":"Kamm","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Biomech. Eng."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(69)86451-9","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Flow through a collapsible tube","volume":"9","author":"Katz","year":"1969","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6579\/ac482e","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A conceptual model for changes in finger photoplethysmographic signals caused by hand posture and isothermic regulation","volume":"43","author":"Keogh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Physiol. Meas."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1978.sp012136","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The effects of position and skin temperature on the capillary pressures in the fingers and toes","volume":"274","author":"Levick","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"08TR02","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6579\/ad6be4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Understanding the physiological transmission mechanisms of photoplethysmography signals: a comprehensive review","volume":"45","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Physiol. Meas."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1993.sp019491","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Fluctuations in blood flow to acral skin in humans: connection with heart rate and blood pressure variability","volume":"460","author":"Lossius","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(94)90185-6","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Thermoregulatory fluctuations in heart-rate and blood-pressure in humans - effect of cooling and parasympathetic blockade","volume":"47","author":"Lossius","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Auton. Nerv. Syst."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1982.53.6.1496","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A starling resistor regulates cerebral venous outflow in dogs","volume":"53","author":"Luce","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.67.1.209","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Starling resistor versus compliance. Which explains the zero-flow pressure of a dynamic arterial pressure-flow relation?","volume":"67","author":"Magder","year":"1990","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000269522.84942.54","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The light-tissue interaction of pulse oximetry","volume":"105","author":"Mannheimer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesthesia Analg."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1994.sp020427","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effects of increased and decreased tissue pressure on haemodynamic and capillary events in cat skeletal muscle","volume":"481","author":"Mellander","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/eja.0b013e328318c6bd","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Low-frequency changes in finger volume in patients after surgery, related to respiration and venous pressure","volume":"26","author":"Murray","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Anaesthesiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI101463","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A Study of factors (emotional) responsible for changes in the pattern of spontaneous rhythmic fluctuations in the volume of the vascular bed of the finger tip","volume":"23","author":"Neumann","year":"1944","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2008.08.002","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Measuring interstitial fluid pressure with fiberoptic pressure transducers","volume":"77","author":"Ozerdem","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microvasc. Res."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1159\/000192224","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Alveolar pressure, pulmonary venous pressure, and the vascular waterfall","volume":"19","author":"Permutt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med. Thorac."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1963.18.5.924","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Hemodynamics of collapsible vessels with tone: the vascular waterfall","volume":"18","author":"Permutt","year":"1963","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib50","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Pulse oximetry: technical aspects of machine design","volume":"25","author":"Pologe","journal-title":"Int. Anesthesiol. Clin."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1963.18.5.924","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Evidence from venous oxygen saturation measurements that the increase in forearm blood flow during body heating is confined to the skin","volume":"134","author":"Roddie","year":"1956","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1991.tb09410.x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Potential errors in pulse oximetry I","volume":"46","author":"Ralston","year":"1991","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1991.tb11501.x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Potential errors in pulse oximetry III: effects of interference, dyes, dyshaemoglobins and other pigments","volume":"46","author":"Ralston","year":"1991","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12497938","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Reflex control of the cutaneous vasculature","volume":"69","author":"Rowell","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9629(87)90465-8","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Blood flow uphill and downhill: does a siphon facilitate circulation above the heart?","volume":"88","author":"Seymour","year":"1987","journal-title":"Comparative Biochem. Physiol. A"},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H147","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1995.268.1.h147","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Capillary pressure, pulse pressure amplitude, and pressure waveform in healthy volunteers","volume":"268","author":"Shore","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart. Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2014.10.006","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Considerations for the measurement of core, skin and mean body temperatures","volume":"46","author":"Taylor","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Therm. Biol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/25\/5\/020","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The effect of contacting force on photoplethysmographic signals","volume":"25","author":"Teng","year":"2004","journal-title":"Physiol. Meas."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198901000-00019","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Pulse oximetry","volume":"70","author":"Tremper","year":"1989","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI100905","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Studies in the physiology of blood vessels in man. III. Some effects of raising and lowering the arm upon the pulse volume and blood volume of the human finger tip in health and in certain diseases of the blood vessels","volume":"16","author":"Turner","year":"1937","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1080\/23328940.2015.1088502)","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Arterio\u2013venous anastomoses in the human skin and their role in temperature control","volume":"3","author":"Wall\u00f8e","year":"2016","journal-title":"Temperature"},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1946.147.2.260","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Changes in arterial and venous blood pressure and flow distal to a cuff inflated on the human arm","volume":"147","author":"Wilkins","year":"1946","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"pmeaae7f7abib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1080\/23328940.2016.1200203Title","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Current concepts of active vasodilation in human skin","volume":"4","author":"Wong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Temperature"}],"container-title":["Physiological Measurement"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6579\/ae7f7a","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6579\/ae7f7a\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6579\/ae7f7a","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6579\/ae7f7a\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6579\/ae7f7a\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6579\/ae7f7a\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6579\/ae7f7a\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6579\/ae7f7a\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T14:12:43Z","timestamp":1785334363000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6579\/ae7f7a"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1361-6579\/ae7f7a","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-3334","1361-6579"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0967-3334","type":"print"},{"value":"1361-6579","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Small changes in hand height alter absorbance, but not pulsation, in the finger pulse plethysmograph","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Physiological Measurement","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published on behalf of Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine by IOP Publishing Ltd","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2025-11-13","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2026-06-18","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2026-07-15","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}