{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T23:45:00Z","timestamp":1792107900086,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/iop-standard\/v1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52320105008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52320105008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Physiol. Meas."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Objective. Mental stress affects cognitive, emotional, and cardiovascular function, but subjective stress scales are susceptible to individual bias. Brain\u2013heart coupling offers a potential approach to stress assessment. This study examined stage-dependent EEG\u2013ECG\/HRV associations during mental arithmetic and Stroop tasks.Approach. Sixty healthy adults were recruited, EEG and ECG were recorded during baseline rest, four mental-arithmetic stages, inter-task rest, and four Stroop stages. Stage-specific Spearman correlations characterized between-participant associations between five EEG band-power measures and seven ECG\/HRV indices. Mixed-effects models separating within- and between-participant effects tested whether within-participant associations varied across difficulty stages and tasks.Main results. Significant EEG\u2013HRV correlations decreased in number after task onset and partially recovered during inter-task rest. Mental arithmetic showed more pronounced negative high-frequency EEG\u2013vagal HRV correlations, whereas Stroop showed Theta\/Beta\u2013HR associations at onset and sustained Alpha\u2013RMSSD associations during middle-to-late stages. Neither task showed FDR-significant stage-averaged within-participant associations. Within-participant EEG \u00d7 difficulty-stage interactions were FDR-significant for 12 of 35 whole-frontal associations during mental arithmetic and none during Stroop. Combined models identified five significant within-participant EEG \u00d7 difficulty \u00d7 task interactions. No linear difficulty interactions survived FDR correction in sensitivity analyses. Significance. These findings support stage-dependent EEG\u2013ECG\/HRV associations in this fixed-order cognitive-stress paradigm. They may inform physiologically interpretable candidate measures for objective mental stress assessment and wearable monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6579\/aeb501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T22:53:27Z","timestamp":1792104807000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["EEG\u2013ECG\/HRV associations under multi-stage cognitive stress: characterization and mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1088","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4647-3065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanyu \u8273\u7fbd","family":"Lei \u96f7","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongli","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ranlin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxuan","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tongtong","family":"Kan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of Military Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"container-title":["Physiological Measurement"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6579\/aeb501","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6579\/aeb501\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6579\/aeb501\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6579\/aeb501\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T22:53:27Z","timestamp":1792104807000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6579\/aeb501"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1361-6579\/aeb501","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-3334","1361-6579"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0967-3334","type":"print"},{"value":"1361-6579","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]}}}