{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T17:55:59Z","timestamp":1793382959103,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]],"date-time":"2017-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/iop-standard\/v1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]],"date-time":"2017-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509494400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"New York Stem Cell Foundation Robertson Award"},{"name":"Knut and Alice Wallenberg\u2019s Foundation","award":["20140212"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20140212"]}]},{"name":"Heart Lung Foundation","award":["20150767"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20150767"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["1R01EY023173"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01EY023173"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Neural Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Neural reflexes regulate immune responses and homeostasis. Advances in bioelectronic medicine indicate that electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve can be used to treat inflammatory disease, yet the understanding of neural signals that regulate inflammation is incomplete. Current interfaces with the vagus nerve do not permit effective chronic stimulation or recording in mouse models, which is vital to studying the molecular and neurophysiological mechanisms that control inflammation homeostasis in health and disease. We developed an implantable, dual purpose, multi-channel, flexible \u2018microelectrode\u2019 array, for recording and stimulation of the mouse vagus nerve.\n                    <jats:italic>Approach<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The array was microfabricated on an 8\n                    <jats:italic>\u00b5<\/jats:italic>\n                    m layer of highly biocompatible parylene configured with 16 sites. The microelectrode was evaluated by studying the recording and stimulation performance. Mice were chronically implanted with devices for up to 12 weeks.\n                    <jats:italic>Main results<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Using the microelectrode\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    , high fidelity signals were recorded during physiological challenges (e.g potassium chloride and interleukin-1\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), and electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve produced the expected significant reduction of blood levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in endotoxemia. Inflammatory cell infiltration at the microelectrode 12 weeks of implantation was limited according to radial distribution analysis of inflammatory cells.\n                    <jats:italic>Significance<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This novel device provides an important step towards a viable chronic interface for cervical vagus nerve stimulation and recording in mice.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/aa7a42","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,19]],"date-time":"2017-06-19T10:15:16Z","timestamp":1497867316000},"page":"066005","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["A novel flexible cuff-like microelectrode for dual purpose, acute and chronic electrical interfacing with the mouse cervical vagus nerve"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"A S","family":"Caravaca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska University Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Tsaava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinstein Institute for Medical Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Goldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinstein Institute for Medical Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Silverman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinstein Institute for Medical Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Riggott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute for Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S S","family":"Chavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinstein Institute for Medical Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Bouton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinstein Institute for Medical Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K J","family":"Tracey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinstein Institute for Medical Research"},{"name":"Feinstein Institute for Medical Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Desimone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute for Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E S","family":"Boyden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute for Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H S","family":"Sohal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinstein Institute for Medical Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P S","family":"Olofsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska University Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"jneaa7a42bib001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0315-28","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Shock medicine","volume":"312","author":"Tracey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Am."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003101","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Optogenetics and translational medicine","volume":"5","author":"Chow","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5781","DOI":"10.1113\/JP271539","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory properties of the vagus nerve: potential therapeutic implications of vagus nerve stimulation","volume":"594","author":"Bonaz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.01.018","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Reflexes in immunity","volume":"164","author":"Tracey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4477","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neural regulation of immunity: molecular mechanisms and clinical translation","volume":"20","author":"Pavlov","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01321","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The inflammatory reflex","volume":"420","author":"Tracey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1038\/35013070","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates the systemic inflammatory response to endotoxin","volume":"405","author":"Borovikova","year":"2000"},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2012.01138.x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Rethinking inflammation: neural circuits in the regulation of immunity","volume":"248","author":"Olofsson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8284","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1605635113","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation inhibits cytokine production and attenuates disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"113","author":"Koopman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12792","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Chronic vagus nerve stimulation in Crohn\u2019s disease: a 6-month follow-up pilot study","volume":"28","author":"Bonaz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(94)11105-R","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Blockade of interleukin-1 induced hyperthermia by subdiaphragmatic vagotomy: evidence for vagal mediation of immune-brain communication","volume":"183","author":"Watkins","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1838(96)00098-7","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The afferent discharges from sensors for interleukin 1 beta in the hepatoportal system in the anesthetized rat","volume":"61","author":"Niijima","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Auton. Nerv. Syst."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.15424\/bioelectronmed.2016.00007","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cytokine-specific neurograms in the sensory vagus nerve","volume":"3","author":"Steinberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bioelectron. Med."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(95)00123-9","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cuff electrodes for chronic stimulation and recording of peripheral nerve activity","volume":"64","author":"Loeb","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3389\/fneng.2014.00010","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The sinusoidal probe: a new approach to improve electrode longevity","volume":"7","author":"Sohal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Neuroeng."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib016","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Design and microfabrication considerations for reliable flexible intracortical implants","volume":"2","author":"Sohal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Mech. Eng. China"},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0165606","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0165606","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Mechanical flexibility reduces the foreign body response to long-term implanted microelectrodes in rabbit cortex","volume":"11","author":"Sohal","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03402177","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway: a missing link in neuroimmunomodulation","volume":"9","author":"Pavlov","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol. Med."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1162\/089976604774201631","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Unsupervised spike detection and sorting with wavelets and superparamagnetic clustering","volume":"16","author":"Quiroga","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neural. Comput."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1982.sp014415","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Glucose-sensitive afferent nerve fibers in the hepatic branch of the vagus nerve in the guinea-pig","volume":"332","author":"Niijima","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib021","first-page":"294","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Parenteral nutrients in rat suppresses hepatic vagal afferent signals from portal vein to hypothalamus","volume":"116","author":"Niijima","year":"1994","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.15424\/bioelectronmed.2015.00006","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Single-pulse and unidirectional electrical activation of the cervical vagus nerve reduces tumor necrosis factor in endotoxemia","volume":"2","author":"Olofsson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioelectron. Med."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2009.07.061","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The insulation performance of reactive parylene films in implantable electronic devices","volume":"30","author":"Seymour","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MEMSYS.2014.6765560","type":"other","article-title":"A cable-tie-type parylene cuff electrode for peripheral nerve interfaces","author":"Yu","year":"2014"},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2015.2466442","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Flexible epineural strip electrode for recording in fine nerves","volume":"63","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2015.2440768","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Spatial and functional selectivity of peripheral nerve signal recording with the transversal intrafascicular multichannel electrode (TIME)","volume":"24","author":"Badia","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2016.09.127","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Selective stimulation and neural recording on peripheral nerves using flexible split ring electrodes","volume":"242","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sensors Actuators B"},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.06.034","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Wireless recording in the peripheral nervous system with ultrasonic neural dust","volume":"91","author":"Seo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704840","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Characterization of the anandamide induced depolarization of guinea-pig isolated vagus nerve","volume":"137","author":"Kagaya","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1985.sp015574","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Electrical properties of rat dorsal root ganglion neurones with different peripheral nerve conduction velocities","volume":"359","author":"Harper","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.932248","type":"journal-article","article-title":"In vivo measurement of conduction velocities in afferent and efferent nerve fibre groups in mice","volume":"61","author":"Steffens","year":"2012","journal-title":"Physiol. Res."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1114\/1.1569263","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Chronic response of the rat sciatic nerve to the flat interface nerve electrode","volume":"31","author":"Tyler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362ra142","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaf5187","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The neural basis of perceived intensity in natural and artificial touch","volume":"8","author":"Graczyk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/10\/5\/056006","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Selective activation of the human tibial and common peroneal nerves with a flat interface nerve electrode","volume":"10","author":"Schiefer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s10827-011-0381-5","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Probabilistic modeling of selective stimulation of the human sciatic nerve with a flat interface nerve electrode","volume":"33","author":"Schiefer","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Comput. Neurosci."},{"key":"jneaa7a42bib036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/6\/4\/046010","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Chronic stability and selectivity of four-contact spiral nerve-cuff electrodes in stimulating the human femoral nerve","volume":"6","author":"Fisher","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neural Engineering"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/stacks.iop.org\/1741-2552\/14\/i=6\/a=066005?key=crossref.ba02da74fe122f8af9614f98a5bf61fc","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aa7a42\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/stacks.iop.org\/1741-2552\/14\/i=6\/a=066005\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aa7a42","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aa7a42","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aa7a42\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aa7a42\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aa7a42\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aa7a42\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/stacks.iop.org\/1741-2552\/14\/i=6\/a=066005\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/stacks.iop.org\/1741-2552\/14\/i=6\/a=066005?key=crossref.ba02da74fe122f8af9614f98a5bf61fc","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aa7a42\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T13:32:44Z","timestamp":1784986364000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aa7a42"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aa7a42","relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-2560","1741-2552"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-2560","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-2552","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"A novel flexible cuff-like microelectrode for dual purpose, acute and chronic electrical interfacing with the mouse cervical vagus nerve","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Neural Engineering","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2017-01-31","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2017-06-19","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2017-11-01","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}