{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:01:37Z","timestamp":1792785697833,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]],"date-time":"2018-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1537833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/iop-standard\/v1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]],"date-time":"2018-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1537833600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"GSK Bioelectronics Innovation Challenge","award":["code 100042784"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["code 100042784"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001381","name":"National Research Foundation Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NRF-CRP10-2012-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-CRP10-2012-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001381","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Neural Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Neural stimulation to restore bladder function has traditionally relied on open-loop approaches that used pre-set parameters, which do not adapt to suboptimal outcomes. The goal of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a novel closed-loop stimulation paradigm for improving micturition or bladder voiding.\n                    <jats:italic>Approach<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We compared the voiding efficiency obtained with this closed-loop framework against open-loop stimulation paradigms in anesthetized rats. The bladder pressures that preceded voiding, and the minimum current amplitudes for stimulating the pelvic nerves to evoke bladder contractions, were first calibrated for each animal. An automated closed-loop system was used to initiate voiding upon bladder fullness, adapt the stimulation current by using real-time bladder pressure changes to classify voiding outcomes, and halt stimulation when the bladder had been emptied or when the safe stimulation limit was reached.\n                    <jats:italic>Main results. In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    testing demonstrated that the closed-loop system achieved high voiding efficiency or VE (75.7%\u2009\u2009\u00b1\u2009\u20093.07%, mean\u2009\u2009\u00b1\u2009\u2009standard error of the mean) and outperformed open-loop systems with either conserved number of stimulation epochs (63.2%\u2009\u2009\u00b1\u2009\u20094.90% VE) or conserved charge injected (32.0%\u2009\u2009\u00b1\u2009\u20091.70% VE). Post-hoc analyses suggest that the classification algorithm can be further improved with data from additional closed-loop experiments.\n                    <jats:italic>Significance<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This novel approach may be applied to an implantable device for treating underactive bladder (&lt;60% VE), especially in cases where under- or over-stimulation of the nerve is a concern.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/aadee9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,5]],"date-time":"2018-09-05T06:45:03Z","timestamp":1536129903000},"page":"066009","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Closed-loop stimulation of the pelvic nerve for optimal micturition"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1016-0935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wendy Yen Xian","family":"Peh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1208-8751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marlena N","family":"Raczkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore"},{"name":"National University of Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuni","family":"Teh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monzurul","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitish V","family":"Thakor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore"},{"name":"National University of Singapore"},{"name":"Johns Hopkins University"},{"name":"National University of Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih-Cheng","family":"Yen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"jneaadee9bib001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/816274","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neurogenic bladder","volume":"2012","author":"Dorsher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Urol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.15424\/bioelectronmed.2015.00003","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Impact of bioelectronic medicine on the neural regulation of pelvic visceral function","volume":"2015","author":"de Groat","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioelectron. Med."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.2015.19.1.3","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Emerging neural stimulation technologies for bladder dysfunctions","volume":"19","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Neurourol. J."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2223-4683.2016.01.02","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Not all neurogenic bladders are the same: a proposal for a new neurogenic bladder classification system","volume":"5","author":"Powell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transl. Androl. Urol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2016.206","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The management of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction after spinal cord injury","volume":"13","author":"Wyndaele","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Urol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2013.10.015","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Detrusor underactivity and the underactive bladder: a new clinical entity? a review of current terminology, definitions, epidemiology, aetiology, and diagnosis","volume":"65","author":"Osman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.21097","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Detrusor underactivity: A plea for new approaches to a common bladder dysfunction","volume":"30","author":"Van Koeveringe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2014.156","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Voiding dysfunction due to detrusor underactivity: an overview","volume":"11","author":"Drake","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Urol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1007\/s11884-014-0248-5","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Underactive bladder and detrusor underactivity: a review of pathophysiology and management strategies for this poorly understood bladder syndrome","volume":"9","author":"Chung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Bladder Dysfunct. Rep."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib010","first-page":"11","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The other bladder syndrome: underactive bladder","volume":"15","author":"Miyazato","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Urol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1109\/86.769406","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Evaluation of a suture electrode for direct bladder stimulation in a lower motor neuron lesioned animal model","volume":"7","author":"Walter","year":"1999","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Rehabil. Eng."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000134418.21959.98","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The use of electrical devices for the treatment of bladder dysfunction: a review of methods","volume":"172","author":"van Balken","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Uology"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.1994.126","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The first 500 patients with sacral anterior root stimulator implants: general description","volume":"32","author":"Brindley","year":"1994","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.2015.19.3.185","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Underactive bladder: clinical features, urodynamic parameters, and treatment","volume":"19","author":"Hoag","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Neurourol. J."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F815","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00242.2017","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The effects of neuromodulation in a novel obese-prone rat model of detrusor underactivity","volume":"313","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/5\/2\/005","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Improved bladder emptying in urinary retention by electrical stimulation of pudendal afferents","volume":"5","author":"Peng","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neural Eng."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00186","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Novel neurostimulation of autonomic pelvic nerves overcomes bladder-sphincter dyssynergia","volume":"12","author":"Peh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers Neurosci."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101177","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The acute effects of continuous and conditional neuromodulation on the bladder in spinal cord injury","volume":"39","author":"Kirkham","year":"2001","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20766","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Conditional and continuous electrical stimulation increase cystometric capacity in persons with spinal cord injury","volume":"29","author":"Horvath","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.10031","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Conditional stimulatzion of the dorsal penile\/clitoral nerve may increase cystometric capacity in patients with spinal cord injury","volume":"22","author":"Dalmose","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2016.00024","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Subject-controlled, on-demand, dorsal genital nerve stimulation to treat urgency urinary incontinence; a pilot","volume":"10","author":"Van Breda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers Neurosci."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1109\/NER.2011.5910632","type":"other","article-title":"Functional electrical stimulation as a neuroprosthetic methodology for enabling closed-loop urinary incontinence treatment","author":"Wei","year":"2011"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)00657-9","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Closed loop electrical control of urinary continence","volume":"175","author":"Wenzel","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1007\/s11884-016-0388-x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Conditional electrical stimulation in animal and human models for neurogenic bladder: working toward a neuroprosthesis","volume":"11","author":"Powell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Bladder Dysfunct. Rep."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02446202","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Damage in peripheral nerve from continuous electrical stimulation: comparison of two stimulus waveforms","volume":"30","author":"McCreery","year":"1992","journal-title":"Med. Biol. Eng. Comput."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2011.10526.x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Bilateral pudendal afferent stimulation improves bladder emptying in rats with urinary retention","volume":"109","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.21075","type":"journal-article","article-title":"High frequency sacral root nerve block allows bladder voiding","volume":"31","author":"Boger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/6\/6\/066006","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Bursting stimulation of proximal urethral afferents improves bladder pressures and voiding","volume":"6","author":"Bruns","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20430","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Voiding reflex in chronic spinal cord injured cats induced by stimulating and blocking pudendal nerves","volume":"26","author":"Tai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101278","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neuromodulation through sacral nerve roots 2\u20134 with a Finetech-Brindley sacral posterior and anterior root stimulator","volume":"40","author":"Kirkham","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/709708","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Clinical results of a Brindley procedure: sacral anterior root stimulation in combination with a rhizotomy of the dorsal roots","volume":"2011","author":"Martens","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adv. Urol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1179\/2045772314Y.0000000299","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Electrical stimulation for the treatment of lower urinary tract dysfunction after spinal cord injury","volume":"38","author":"McGee","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Spinal Cord Med."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.5405\/jmbe.1247","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Dual-channel neuromodulation of pudendal nerve with closed-loop control strategy to improve bladder functions","volume":"34","author":"Lin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Med. Biol. Eng."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210ra155","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3007186","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A microchannel neuroprosthesis for bladder control after spinal cord injury in rat","volume":"5","author":"Chew","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168375","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Suburothelial bladder contraction detection with implanted pressure sensor","volume":"12","author":"Majerus","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2011.2171368","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Detecting the onset of urinary bladder contractions using an implantable pressure sensor","volume":"19","author":"Melgaard","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R98","DOI":"10.1186\/cc4962","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effect of bladder volume on measured intravesical pressure: a prospective cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Malbrain","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1924","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2000.84.4.1924","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Sensory fibers of the pelvic nerve innervating the rat\u2019s urinary bladder","volume":"84","author":"Shea","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/aa6801","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Chronic monitoring of lower urinary tract activity via a sacral dorsal root ganglia interface","volume":"14","author":"Khurram","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4239","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2011.6091052","type":"other","article-title":"Estimating bladder pressure from sacral dorsal root ganglia recordings","author":"Bruns","year":"2011"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2007.890739","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Urethral sphincter EMG as event detector for neurogenic detrusor overactivity","volume":"54","author":"Hansen","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2015.266","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neural control of micturition in humans: a working model","volume":"12","author":"Griffiths","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Urol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2401","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The neural control of micturition","volume":"9","author":"Fowler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.2147\/RRU.S29644","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neurogenic bladder in spinal cord injury patients","volume":"7","author":"Taweel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Res. Rep. Urol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.3389\/neuro.20.002.2010","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Design challenges of implantable pressure monitoring system","volume":"4","author":"Jiang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Frontiers Neurosci."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2008.09.021","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Investigation of urodynamic characteristics and bladder sensory function in the early stages of diabetic bladder dysfunction in women with type 2 diabetes","volume":"181","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2008.09.018","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Proposal for a urodynamic redefinition of detrusor underactivity","volume":"181","author":"Cucchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urols.2011.08.007","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Role of urodynamic studies in the diagnosis and treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms","volume":"22","author":"Yamanishi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Urol. Sci."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib049","first-page":"158","type":"journal-article","article-title":"New control strategies for neuroprosthetic systems","volume":"33","author":"Crago","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Rehabil. Res. Dev."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2016.00312","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A review of control strategies in closed-loop neuroprosthetic systems","volume":"10","author":"Wright","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers Neurosci."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26020","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/10\/2\/026020","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Real-time control of hind limb functional electrical stimulation using feedback from dorsal root ganglia recordings","volume":"10","author":"Bruns","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00564","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Biomarkers and stimulation algorithms for adaptive brain stimulation","volume":"11","author":"Hoang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers Neurosci."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2012.00117","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A translational platform for prototyping closed-loop neuromodulation systems","volume":"6","author":"Afshar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Frontiers Neural Circuits"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib054","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2015.2469604","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Real-time classification of bladder events for effective diagnosis and treatment of urinary incontinence","volume":"63","author":"Karam","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib055","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00038.2003","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Urinary bladder contraction and relaxation: physiology and pathophysiology","volume":"84","author":"Andersson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2006.06136.x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Physiological fatigue of smooth muscle contractions in rat urinary bladder","volume":"97","author":"Pagala","year":"2006","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib057","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-014-0280-3","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Closed-loop neurostimulation: the clinical experience","volume":"11","author":"Sun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1007\/s003450050078","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Implantation of anterior sacral root stimulators combined with posterior sacral rhizotomy in spinal injury patients","volume":"16","author":"Egon","year":"1998","journal-title":"World J. Urol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib059","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0029(19961001)35:2<95::AID-JEMT1>3.0.CO;2-#","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The pelvic plexus: innervation of pelvic and extrapelvic visceral tissues","volume":"35","author":"Dail","year":"1996","journal-title":"Microsc. Res. Tech."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib060","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c130056","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neural control of the lower urinary tract","volume":"5","author":"de Groat","year":"2015","journal-title":"Compr. Physiol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib061","first-page":"457","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Comparative anatomy of pelvic plexus in cat, dog, rabbit, macaque and man","volume":"120","author":"Wo\u017aniak","year":"1967","journal-title":"Anat. Anz."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib062","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neurogenic dysfunction of the urinary bladder. An experimental and clinical study with special reference to the ability of electrical stimulation to establish voluntary micturition","volume":"16","author":"Hald","year":"1969","journal-title":"Dan. Med. Bull."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib063","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-65640-8_43","type":"book","article-title":"Electrostimulation of the neurogenic urinary bladder","author":"Burghele","year":"1973"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib064","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1097\/SLE.0b013e31812f81e4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Anatomy of the sacral roots and the pelvic splanchnic nerves in women using the LANN technique","volume":"17","author":"Possover","year":"2007","journal-title":"Surg. Laparosc. Endosc. Percutan. Tech."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib065","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(05)52011-9","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Control of urinary bladder function with devices: successes and failures","volume":"152","author":"Gaunt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib066","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1700149","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201700149","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Toward bioelectronic medicine-neuromodulation of small peripheral nerves using flexible neural clip","volume":"4","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib067","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36006","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/aa5a5b","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A micro-scale printable nanoclip for electrical stimulation and recording in small nerves","volume":"14","author":"Lissandrello","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib068","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22514","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Microstimulation of afferents in the sacral dorsal root ganglia can evoke reflex bladder activity","volume":"34","author":"Bruns","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib069","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F477","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00515.2011","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neuromodulation in a rat model of the bladder micturition reflex","volume":"302","author":"Su","year":"2012","journal-title":"AJP Ren. Physiol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20897","type":"journal-article","article-title":"New strategies of pelvic nerves stimulation for recovery of pelvic visceral functions and locomotion in paraplegics","volume":"29","author":"Possover","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib071","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12695","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Sacral neuromodulation: standardized electrode placement technique","volume":"20","author":"Matzel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib072","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(01)01412-1","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Chronic sacral neuromodulation for treatment of neurogenic bladder dysfunction: long-term results with unilateral implants","volume":"58","author":"Hohenfellner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib073","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23325","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Impact of direct epispinal stimulation on bladder and bowel functions in pigs: a feasibility study","volume":"37","author":"Guiho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib074","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2016.2637301","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Epidural spinal stimulation to improve bladder, bowel, and sexual function in individuals with spinal cord injuries: a framework for clinical research","volume":"64","author":"Pettigrew","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib075","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108184","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Initiation of bladder voiding with epidural stimulation in paralyzed, step trained rats","volume":"9","author":"Gad","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib076","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/3\/1\/005","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Bladder emptying by intermittent electrical stimulation of the pudendal nerve","volume":"3","author":"Boggs","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib077","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968308328723","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Transcutaneously coupled, high-frequency electrical stimulation of the pudendal nerve blocks external urethral sphincter contractions","volume":"23","author":"Gaunt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurorehabil. Neural Repair"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib078","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22280","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Pudendal neuromodulation improves voiding efficiency in diabetic rats","volume":"32","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib079","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12136","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Pudendal nerve stimulation and block by a wireless-controlled implantable stimulator in cats","volume":"17","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib080","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22474","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Selective co-stimulation of pudendal afferents enhances bladder activation and improves voiding efficiency","volume":"33","author":"McGee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1179\/2045772313Y.0000000136","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Urodynamic patterns after traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"38","author":"Agrawal","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Spinal Cord Med."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12802","DOI":"10.3390\/s150612802","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Design and evaluation of potentiometric principles for bladder volume monitoring: a preliminary study","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib083","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/8\/5\/056010","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Multielectrode array recordings of bladder and perineal primary afferent activity from the sacral dorsal root ganglia","volume":"8","author":"Bruns","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib084","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sna.2005.03.040","type":"journal-article","article-title":"An autonomous bladder pressure monitoring system","volume":"123\u20134","author":"Coosemans","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sensors Actuators A"},{"key":"jneaadee9bib085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1986.251.6.R1177","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Micturition in rats: a chronic model for study of bladder function and effect of anesthetics","volume":"251","author":"Yaksh","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(01)01182-1","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effects of anesthesia on cystometry and leak point pressure of the female rat","volume":"69","author":"Cannon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib087","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-010-9745-4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effects of anesthetics on cystometric parameters in female rats","volume":"42","author":"Ozkurkcugil","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. Urol. Nephrol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib088","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6777(2000)19:1<87::AID-NAU9>3.0.CO;2-O","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effect of anesthetics on reflex micturition in the chronic cannula- implanted rat","volume":"19","author":"Matsuura","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3923","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00529.2014","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Differential fiber-specific block of nerve conduction in mammalian peripheral nerves using kilohertz electrical stimulation","volume":"113","author":"Patel","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"jneaadee9bib090","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2017.03.045","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Qualitative exploration of the patient experience of underactive bladder","volume":"72","author":"Uren","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neural Engineering"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/stacks.iop.org\/1741-2552\/15\/i=6\/a=066009?key=crossref.b4968f09831719d71e53e7b3f2f6f0b0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aadee9\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/stacks.iop.org\/1741-2552\/15\/i=6\/a=066009\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aadee9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aadee9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aadee9\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aadee9\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aadee9\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aadee9\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/stacks.iop.org\/1741-2552\/15\/i=6\/a=066009\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/stacks.iop.org\/1741-2552\/15\/i=6\/a=066009?key=crossref.b4968f09831719d71e53e7b3f2f6f0b0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aadee9\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T13:33:00Z","timestamp":1779543180000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aadee9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]]},"references-count":90,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/aadee9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-2560","1741-2552"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-2560","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-2552","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Closed-loop stimulation of the pelvic nerve for optimal micturition","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Neural Engineering","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2018-05-17","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2018-09-05","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2018-09-25","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}