{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:50:28Z","timestamp":1790689828179,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,28]],"date-time":"2020-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/iop-standard\/v1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,28]],"date-time":"2020-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of 415 Canada"},{"name":"Canadian Foundation for Innovation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Neural Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Advances in electrode technology have facilitated the development of neuroprostheses for restoring motor\/sensory function in disabled individuals. Information extracted from a whole nerve, recorded using cuffs, can provide signals that control the operation of neuroprostheses. However, the amount of information that can be extracted from a tripolar cuff\u2014which provides the highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)\u2014is limited. The physical symmetry of the tripolar cuff results in neural recordings that cannot differentiate afferent versus efferent signals. In this study, we introduced a tetrapolar cuff to achieve low-noise and directionally sensitive recording.\n                    <jats:italic>Approach<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The tetrapolar cuff was initially designed using a computational approach. A finite element model was used to solve the electric potential generated at the electrode contacts by active electrical sources, such as the nodes of Ranvier and an artifact noise source. The resulting single fiber action potentials (SFAPs) and artifact noise signals (ANS) were used to characterize the performance of the tetrapolar configuration of the electrode length (EL) and electrode edge length (EEL) on simulated SFAP and ANS. The feasibility of using a tetrapolar cuff to differentiate afferent\/efferent action potentials by applying potassium chloride in anesthetized rats was also investigated.\n                    <jats:italic>Main results<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Both the computational and experimental results of this study indicated that directional recording can be achieved using a tetrapolar cuff. Testing different design criteria (e.g. EL and EEL) showed that at EL values above 15\u2009mm and EEL\u2009\u2009\u2a7e\u2009\u20092\u2009mm, the tetrapolar cuffs can yield larger SNRs than equally-sized tripolar cuffs.\n                    <jats:italic>Significance<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This study indicated that low-noise directionally sensitive measurement of neural activity can be achieved with a tetrapolar cuff. The experimental results confirmed the feasibility of using a tetrapolar cuff to differentiate afferent\/efferent signals by applying potassium chloride. Further work is needed to determine whether the tetrapolar cuff can differentiate afferent\/efferent physiologically elicited neural activities.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/ab5551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]],"date-time":"2019-11-07T17:45:40Z","timestamp":1573148740000},"page":"016040","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Feasibility of differentially measuring afferent and efferent neural activity with a single nerve cuff electrode"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3831-8087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P","family":"Sabetian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8079-5074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P B","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"jneab5551bib001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-4533(02)00178-9","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Biopotentials as command and feedback signals in functional electrical stimulation systems","volume":"25","author":"Sinkjaer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med. 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All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2019-06-20","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2019-11-07","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2020-01-28","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}