{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:01:37Z","timestamp":1792785697956,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/iop-standard\/v1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Space@Hopkins"},{"name":"National Science Foundation","award":["1849417"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1849417"]}]},{"name":"JHU\/APL Postdoctoral Fellowship"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["T32EB003383"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32EB003383"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Neural Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic>\n                    A major challenge for controlling a prosthetic arm is communication between the device and the user\u2019s phantom limb. We show the ability to enhance phantom limb perception and improve movement decoding through targeted transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in individuals with an arm amputation.\n                    <jats:italic>Approach.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Transcutaneous nerve stimulation experiments were performed with four participants with arm amputation to map phantom limb perception. We measured myoelectric signals during phantom hand movements before and after participants received sensory stimulation. Using electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring, we measured the neural activity in sensorimotor regions during phantom movements and stimulation. In one participant, we also tracked sensory mapping over 2 years and movement decoding performance over 1 year.\n                    <jats:italic>Main results.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Results show improvements in the participants\u2019 ability to perceive and move the phantom hand as a result of sensory stimulation, which leads to improved movement decoding. In the extended study with one participant, we found that sensory mapping remains stable over 2 years. Sensory stimulation improves within-day movement decoding while performance remains stable over 1 year. From the EEG, we observed cortical correlates of sensorimotor integration and increased motor-related neural activity as a result of enhanced phantom limb perception.\n                    <jats:italic>Significance.<\/jats:italic>\n                    This work demonstrates that phantom limb perception influences prosthesis control and can benefit from targeted nerve stimulation. These findings have implications for improving prosthesis usability and function due to a heightened sense of the phantom hand.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/abb861","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T21:14:52Z","timestamp":1603142092000},"page":"056006","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Sensory stimulation enhances phantom limb perception and movement decoding"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2985-6294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luke E","family":"Osborn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0680-673X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keqin","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7800-9302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark A","family":"Hays","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3966-4464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rohit","family":"Bose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4208-3943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark M","family":"Iskarous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2815-6958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrei","family":"Dragomir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3257-0211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zied","family":"Tayeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gy\u00f6rgy M","family":"L\u00e9vay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher L","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0770-8717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gordon","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert S","family":"Armiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8199-6000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasios","family":"Bezerianos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3425-7552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew S","family":"Fifer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9981-9395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nitish V","family":"Thakor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"jneabb861bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2621","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Coding and use of tactile signals from the fingertips in object manipulation tasks","volume":"10","author":"Johansson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"jneabb861bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1880","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7569931","type":"journal-article","article-title":"An inte-rnal model for sensorimotor integration","volume":"269","author":"Wolpert","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"jneabb861bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-060909-153135","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Error correction, sensory prediction and adaptation in motor control","volume":"33","author":"Shadmehr","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"jneabb861bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-018-0417-4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Improving internal model strength and performance of prosthetic hands using augmented feedback","volume":"15","author":"Shehata","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. NeuroEng. Rehabil."},{"key":"jneabb861bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.9.1603","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The perception of phantom limbs","volume":"121","author":"Ramachandran","year":"1998","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"jneabb861bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222ra19","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3006820","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Restoring natural sensory feedback in real-time bidirectional hand prostheses","volume":"6","author":"Raspopovic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Trans. Med."},{"key":"jneabb861bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362ra142","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaf5187","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The neural basis of perceived intensity in natural and artificial touch","volume":"8","author":"Graczyk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Trans. Med."},{"key":"jneabb861bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.09148","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Intraneural stimulation elicits discrimination of textural features by artificial fingertip in intact and amputee humans","volume":"5","author":"Oddo","year":"2016","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"jneabb861bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-017-0320-4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Restoration of motor control and proprioceptive and cutaneous sensation in humans with prior upper-limb amputation via multiple utah slanted electrode arrays (useas) implanted in residual peripheral arm nerves","volume":"14","author":"Wendelken","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neuroeng. Rehabil."},{"key":"jneabb861bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11306-w","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A somatotopic bidirectional hand prosthesis with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation based sensory feedback","volume":"7","author":"D\u2019Anna","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"jneabb861bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/aabd5d","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Evoked haptic sensations in the hand via non-invasive proximal nerve stimulation","volume":"15","author":"Shin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"jneabb861bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaat3818","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aat3818","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Prosthesis with neuromorphic multilayered e-dermis perceives touch and pain","volume":"3","author":"Osborn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Robotics"},{"key":"jneabb861bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2018.00352","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Motor control and sensory feedback enhance prosthesis embodiment and reduce phantom pain after long-term hand amputation","volume":"12","author":"Page","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers Human Neurosci."},{"key":"jneabb861bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9866","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-26952-x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Home use of a neural-connected sensory prosthesis provides the functional and psychosocial experience of having a hand again","volume":"8","author":"Graczyk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"jneabb861bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.08.033","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Biomimetic intraneural sensory feedback enhances sensation naturalness, tactile sensitivity and manual dexterity in a bidirectional prosthesis","volume":"100","author":"Valle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"jneabb861bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaax2352","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aax2352","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Biomimetic sensory feedback through peripheral nerve stimulation improves dexterous use of a bionic hand","volume":"4","author":"George","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Robotics"},{"key":"jneabb861bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaao6990","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aao6990","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Illusory movement perception improves motor control for prosthetic hands","volume":"10","author":"Marasco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Trans. Med."},{"key":"jneabb861bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/ab059b","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Intraneural sensory feedback restores grip force control and motor coordination while using a prosthetic hand","volume":"16","author":"Clemente","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"jneabb861bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2013.10.001","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cortical motor activity and reorganization following upper-limb amputation and subsequent targeted reinnervation","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"NeuroImage: Clinical"},{"key":"jneabb861bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.15292","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Revealing the neural fingerprints of a missing hand","volume":"5","author":"Kikkert","year":"2016","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"jneabb861bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2202","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl180","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Mapping phantom movement representations in the motor cortex of amputees","volume":"129","author":"Mercier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"jneabb861bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858407309466","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The motor cortex and its role in phantom limb phenomena","volume":"14","author":"Reilly","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Neuroscientist"},{"key":"jneabb861bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2017.04.009","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neural correlates of evoked phantom limb sensations","volume":"126","author":"Andoh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol. Psychol."},{"key":"jneabb861bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/BIOCAS.2017.8325200","type":"conference-proceedings","article-title":"Targeted transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for phantom limb sensory feedback","author":"Osborn","year":"2017"},{"key":"jneabb861bib25","article-title":"Phantom hand activation during physical touch and targeted transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation","author":"Osborn","year":"2020","type":"web-resource"},{"key":"jneabb861bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2010.09.0177","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Electromyogram pattern recognition for control of powered upper-limb prostheses: State of the art and challenges for clinical use","volume":"48","author":"Scheme","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Rehabil. Res. Develop."},{"key":"jneabb861bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-814659-0.00021-7","type":"book","author":"Johannes","year":"2020","edition":"1st edn"},{"key":"jneabb861bib28","author":"G\u00f3mez-Herrero","year":"2007","type":"web-resource"},{"key":"jneabb861bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2003.10.009","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Eeglab: an open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial eeg dynamics including independent component analysis","volume":"134","author":"Delorme","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"jneabb861bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/ab882d","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Towards machine to brain interfaces: Sensory stimulation enhances sensorimotor dynamic functional connectivity in upper limb amputees","volume":"17","author":"Ding","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"jneabb861bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/52.3-4.591","type":"journal-article","article-title":"An analysis of variance test for normality (complete samples)\u2020","volume":"52","author":"Shapiro","year":"1965","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"jneabb861bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691611406923","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Statistical evidence in experimental psychology: An empirical comparison using 855 t tests","volume":"6","author":"Wetzels","year":"2011","journal-title":"Perspectives on Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"jneabb861bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-0660-4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Using bayes factor hypothesis testing in neuroscience to establish evidence of absence","volume":"23","author":"Keysers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"jneabb861bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/13\/1\/016001","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Sensory feedback by peripheral nerve stimulation improves task performance in individuals with upper limb loss using a myoelectric prosthesis","volume":"13","author":"Schiefer","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"jneabb861bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2003.819861","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Image quality assessment: from error visibility to structural similarity","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"jneabb861bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.014","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Imagery of motor actions: Differential effects of kinesthetic and visual\u2013motor mode of imagery in single-trial eeg","volume":"25","author":"Neuper","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cognitive Brain Res."},{"key":"jneabb861bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2008.11.015","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Motor imagery and action observation: Modulation of sensorimotor brain rhythms during mental control of a brain\u2013computer interface","volume":"120","author":"Neuper","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clinical Neurophysiol."},{"key":"jneabb861bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257ra138","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3008669","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A neural interface provides long-term stable natural touch perception","volume":"6","author":"Tan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Trans. Med."},{"key":"jneabb861bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968309349946","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effects of somatosensory stimulation on motor function after subacute stroke","volume":"24","author":"Conforto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation Neural Repair"},{"key":"jneabb861bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7688","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-23-07688.1996","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Primary motor and sensory cortex activation during motor performance and motor imagery: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"16","author":"Porro","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"jneabb861bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(97)00889-6","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Motor imagery activates primary sensorimotor area in humans","volume":"239","author":"Pfurtscheller","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"jneabb861bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep21100","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Phantom limb perception interferes with motor imagery after unilateral upper-limb amputation","volume":"6","author":"Lyu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"jneabb861bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2015.01.010","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Sensory cortical re-mapping following upper-limb amputation and subsequent targeted reinnervation: A case report","volume":"8","author":"Yao","year":"2015","journal-title":"NeuroImage: Clinical"},{"key":"jneabb861bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8720","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-19-08720.2002","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Transient storage of a tactile memory trace in primary somatosensory cortex","volume":"22","author":"Harris","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"jneabb861bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3468","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhx213","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The causal role of the prefrontal cortex and somatosensory cortex in tactile working memory","volume":"28","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"jneabb861bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0115236","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Coarse electrocorticographic decoding of ipsilateral reach in patients with brain lesions","volume":"9","author":"Hotson","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"jneabb861bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00439.2018","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Ipsilateral finger representations in the sensorimotor cortex are driven by active movement processes, not passive sensory input","volume":"121","author":"Berlot","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"jneabb861bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2019.08.008","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The cortical physiology of ipsilateral limb movements","volume":"42","author":"Bundy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"jneabb861bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00276","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Intracortical inhibition is modulated by phase of prosthetic rehabilitation in transtibial amputees","volume":"9","author":"Hordacre","year":"2015","journal-title":"Frontiers Human Neurosci."},{"key":"jneabb861bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2993","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awx242","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Upper limb cortical maps in amputees with targeted muscle and sensory reinnervation","volume":"140","author":"Serino","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"jneabb861bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1080\/02844310600787005","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Functional magnetic resonance imaging shows cortical activation on sensory stimulation of an osseointegrated prosthetic thumb","volume":"40","author":"Lundborg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Scandinavian J. Plastic Surgery Hand Surgery"},{"key":"jneabb861bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20061","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0706525104","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Redirection of cutaneous sensation from the hand to the chest skin of human amputees with targ-eted reinnervation","volume":"104","author":"Kuiken","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"jneabb861bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2013.2294907","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Novel targeted sensory reinnervation technique to restore functional hand sensation after transhumeral amputation","volume":"22","author":"Hebert","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng."},{"key":"jneabb861bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2018-318570","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Multisensory bionic limb to achieve prosthesis embodiment and reduce distorted phantom limb perceptions","volume":"90","author":"Rognini","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurgery Psychiatry"},{"key":"jneabb861bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2003.813539","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A robust, real-time control scheme for multifunction myoelectric control","volume":"50","author":"Englehart","year":"2003","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"jneabb861bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2017.2719400","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Limb position tolerant pattern recognition for myoelectric prosthesis control with adaptive sparse representations from extreme learning","volume":"65","author":"Betthauser","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"jneabb861bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2008.921154","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Multiclass common spatial patterns and information theoretic feature extraction","volume":"55","author":"Grosse-Wentrup","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"jneabb861bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8655(94)90127-9","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Floating search methods in feature selection","volume":"15","author":"Pudil","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit. Lett."},{"key":"jneabb861bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/aae186","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Gumpy: a python toolbox suitable for hybrid brain\u2013computer interfaces","volume":"15","author":"Tayeb","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neural Engineering"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/abb861\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/abb861","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/abb861","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/abb861\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/abb861\/ampdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/abb861\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/abb861\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/abb861","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/abb861\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T13:17:26Z","timestamp":1768655846000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/abb861"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/abb861","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.05.22.20109330","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1741-2560","1741-2552"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-2560","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-2552","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Sensory stimulation enhances phantom limb perception and movement decoding","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Neural Engineering","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2020-05-08","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2020-09-14","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2020-10-19","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}