{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T08:25:51Z","timestamp":1773131151616,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/iop-standard\/v1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693267200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022434","name":"Walloon excellence in life sciences and biotechnology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["WELBIO X.2001.22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WELBIO X.2001.22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022434","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Neural Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. In 1\/3 of patients, anti-seizure medications may be insufficient, and resective surgery may be offered whenever the seizure onset is localized and situated in a non-eloquent brain region. When surgery is not feasible or fails, vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy can be used as an add-on treatment to reduce seizure frequency and\/or severity. However, screening tools or methods for predicting patient response to VNS and avoiding unnecessary implantation are unavailable, and confident biomarkers of clinical efficacy are unclear. <jats:italic>Approach<\/jats:italic>. To predict the response of patients to VNS, functional brain connectivity measures in combination with graph measures have been primarily used with respect to imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, but connectivity graph-based analysis based on electrophysiological signals such as electroencephalogram, have been barely explored. Although the study of the influence of VNS on functional connectivity is not new, this work is distinguished by using preimplantation low-density EEG data to analyze discriminative measures between responders and non-responder patients using functional connectivity and graph theory metrics. <jats:italic>Main results<\/jats:italic>. By calculating five functional brain connectivity indexes per frequency band upon partial directed coherence and direct transform function connectivity matrices in a population of 37 refractory epilepsy patients, we found significant differences (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) between the global efficiency, average clustering coefficient, and modularity of responders and non-responders using the Mann\u2013Whitney U test with Benjamini\u2013Hochberg correction procedure and use of a false discovery rate of 5%. <jats:italic>Significance<\/jats:italic>. Our results indicate that these measures may potentially be used as biomarkers to predict responsiveness to VNS therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/acf1cd","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T18:32:45Z","timestamp":1692383565000},"page":"046039","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Functional brain connectivity indexes derived from low-density EEG of pre-implanted patients as VNS outcome predictors"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3100-187X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Enrique","family":"Germany","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Venethia","family":"Danthine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Santalucia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inci","family":"Cakiroglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andres","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Verleysen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Delbeke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Nonclercq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ri\u00ebm El","family":"Tahry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"jneacf1cdbib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32596-0","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Epilepsy in adults","volume":"393","author":"Thijs","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003509","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Prevalence and incidence of epilepsy","volume":"88","author":"Fiest","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12550","type":"journal-article","article-title":"ILAE Official Report: a practical clinical definition of epilepsy","volume":"55","author":"Fisher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7960","DOI":"10.1211\/PJ.2022.1.139730","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Epilepsy: symptoms and diagnosis","volume":"308","author":"Thomas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharm. J."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12014","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The impact of epilepsy on patients\u2019 lives","volume":"126","author":"Kerr","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-017-8394-2","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Recent advances in epilepsy","volume":"264","author":"Manford","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1373\/jalm.2017.023689","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Clinical use and monitoring of antiepileptic drugs","volume":"3","author":"Knezevic","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Appl. Lab. Med."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12494","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Medical management of refractory epilepsy\u2014practical treatment with novel antiepileptic drugs","volume":"55","author":"Ben\u2010Menachem","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02397.x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Definition of drug resistant epilepsy: consensus proposal by the ad hoc Task Force of the ILAE commission on therapeutic strategies","volume":"51","author":"Kwan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12762","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation for drug\u2010resistant epilepsy: a European long\u2010term study up to 24 months in 347 children","volume":"55","author":"Orosz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.20471\/acc.2019.58.02.08","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of vagus nerve stimulation therapy (VNS) in Slovenian epilepsy patients: younger age and shorter duration of epilepsy might result in better outcome","volume":"58","author":"Kav\u010di\u010d","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Clin. Croat."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2019-002210","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy","volume":"20","author":"P\u00e9rez-Carbonell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pract. Neurol."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2020.09.027","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Learnings from 30 years of reported efficacy and safety of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) for epilepsy treatment: a critical review","volume":"83","author":"Toffa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.10.043","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Vagal nerve stimulation for epilepsy in adults: a database risk analysis and review of the literature","volume":"121","author":"Selner","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.1.PEDS15534","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Complications and safety of vagus nerve stimulation: 25 years of experience at a single center","volume":"18","author":"R\u00e9v\u00e9sz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2009.11.031","type":"journal-article","article-title":"EEG-desynchronization as the major mechanism of anti-epileptic action of vagal nerve stimulation in patients with intractable seizures: clinical neurophysiological evidence","volume":"74","author":"Jaseja","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1177\/15357597211065587","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neuromodulation for refractory epilepsy","volume":"22","author":"Ryvlin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Epilepsy Curr."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.4149\/BLL_2022_103","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation outcome prediction: from simple parameters to advanced models","volume":"123","author":"Chrastina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bratisl. Med. J."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20406223211066738","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Efficacy and potential predictors of vagus nerve stimulation therapy in refractory postencephalitic epilepsy","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Chronic Dis."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00392","type":"journal-article","article-title":"EEG reactivity predicts individual efficacy of vagal nerve stimulation in intractable epileptics","volume":"10","author":"Br\u00e1zdil","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2069","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16661","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Biomarkers of seizure response to vagus nerve stimulation: a scoping review","volume":"61","author":"Workewych","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2019.02.010","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Predictors of seizure reduction outcome after vagus nerve stimulation in drug-resistant epilepsy","volume":"66","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ii2","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2005.069245","type":"journal-article","article-title":"EEG in the diagnosis, classification, and management of patients with epilepsy","volume":"76","author":"Smith","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2006.09.006","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effects of two different cycles of vagus nerve stimulation on interictal epileptiform discharges","volume":"15","author":"Santiago-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2010.05.009","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effect of chronic vagal nerve stimulation on interictal epileptiform discharges","volume":"19","author":"Kuba","year":"2010","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-014-0272-3","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The P3 event-related potential is a biomarker for the efficacy of vagus nerve stimulation in patients with epilepsy","volume":"11","author":"Taeye","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0129065716500489","type":"journal-article","article-title":"EEG derived brain activity reflects treatment response from vagus nerve stimulation in patients with epilepsy","volume":"27","author":"Wostyn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Neural Syst."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14270","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neurophysiological investigations of drug resistant epilepsy patients treated with vagus nerve stimulation to differentiate responders from non\u2010responders","volume":"27","author":"H\u00f6dl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.05.019","type":"journal-article","article-title":"We could predict good responders to vagus nerve stimulation: a surrogate marker by slow cortical potential shift","volume":"128","author":"Bayasgalan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2015.03.018","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Responders to vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in refractory epilepsy have reduced interictal cortical synchronicity on scalp EEG","volume":"113","author":"Bodin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2012.12.044","type":"journal-article","article-title":"VNS induced desynchronization in gamma bands correlates with positive clinical outcome in temporal lobe pharmacoresistant epilepsy","volume":"536","author":"Fraschini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13923","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A prediction model integrating synchronization biomarkers and clinical features to identify responders to vagus nerve stimulation among pediatric patients with drug\u2010resistant epilepsy","volume":"28","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2011.04.002","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Predicting success of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) from interictal EEG","volume":"20","author":"De Vos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2017.03.020","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Predicting success of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) from EEG symmetry","volume":"48","author":"Hilderink","year":"2017","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25574","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Connectomic profiling identifies responders to vagus nerve stimulation","volume":"86","author":"Mithani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.037085","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation: predictors of seizure freedom","volume":"76","author":"Janszky","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-055886","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Connectomic profiling and vagus nerve stimulation outcomes study (CONNECTiVOS): a prospective observational protocol to identify biomarkers of seizure response in children and youth","volume":"12","author":"Siegel","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.07.503","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Vagal nerve stimulation cycles alter EEG connectivity in drug-resistant epileptic patients: a study with graph theory metrics","volume":"142","author":"Lanzone","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3695","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11133695","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Prediction of the responsiveness to vagus-nerve stimulation in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy via directed-transfer-function analysis of their perioperative scalp EEGs","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2021.10.017","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Electroencephalographic connectivity: a fundamental guide and checklist for optimal study design and evaluation","volume":"7","author":"Miljevic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry: Cogn. Neurosci. Neuroimaging."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01021-w","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Sleep and epilepsy: a focused review of pathophysiology, clinical syndromes, co-morbidities, and therapy","volume":"18","author":"Moore","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms15930","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Characterizing sleep spindles in 11,630 individuals from the National Sleep Research Resource","volume":"8","author":"Purcell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1097\/00004691-200103000-00003","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Interactions between sleep and epilepsy","volume":"18","author":"M\u00e9ndez","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3301","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2019.2903987","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Investigating the effect of short term responsive VNS therapy on sleep quality using automatic sleep staging","volume":"66","author":"Ravan","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2623","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01124-4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation elicits sleep EEG desynchronization and network changes in responder patients in epilepsy","volume":"18","author":"Vespa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6280","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2009.5332477","type":"conference-proceedings","article-title":"Surrogate data approaches to assess the significance of directed coherence: application to EEG activity propagation","author":"Faes","year":"2009"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.akcej.2015.06.001","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Global efficiency of graphs","volume":"12","author":"Ek","year":"2015","journal-title":"AKCE Int. J. Graphs Comb."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033799","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Hierarchy measure for complex networks","volume":"7","author":"Mones","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2020.102336","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Abnormal directed connectivity of resting state networks in focal epilepsy","volume":"27","author":"Carboni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2018.06.017","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Predicting seizure outcome of vagus nerve stimulation using MEG-based network topology","volume":"19","author":"Babajani-Feremi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2016.04.001","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Low functional robustness in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"123","author":"Garcia-Ramos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-54","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Brain functional networks in syndromic and non-syndromic autism: a graph theoretical study of EEG connectivity","volume":"11","author":"Peters","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026611212210012","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Brain connectivity networks in schizophrenia underlying resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"12","author":"Yu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Med. Chem."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2016.02.017","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Graph theory network function in Parkinson\u2019s disease assessed with electroencephalography","volume":"127","author":"Utianski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00419","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Altered whole-brain and network-based functional connectivity in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"9","author":"de Schipper","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2014.09.001","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The thalamocortical network as a single slow wave-generating unit","volume":"31","author":"Crunelli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2002.16102.x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cerebral activation during vagus nerve stimulation: a functional MR study","volume":"43","author":"Narayanan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/25.6.626","type":"journal-article","article-title":"NREM sleep EEG frequency spectral correlates of sleep complaints in primary insomnia subtypes","volume":"25","author":"Krystal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2014.12.010","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Microstates in resting-state EEG: current status and future directions","volume":"49","author":"Khanna","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"jneacf1cdbib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.848737","type":"journal-article","article-title":"EEG microstate-specific functional connectivity and stroke-related alterations in brain dynamics","volume":"16","author":"Hao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neural Engineering"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/acf1cd","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/acf1cd\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/acf1cd","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/acf1cd\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/acf1cd\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/acf1cd\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/acf1cd\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/acf1cd\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T12:36:39Z","timestamp":1760186199000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/acf1cd"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/acf1cd","relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-2560","1741-2552"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-2560","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-2552","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Functional brain connectivity indexes derived from low-density EEG of pre-implanted patients as VNS outcome predictors","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Neural Engineering","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2023-03-14","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2023-08-18","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2023-08-29","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}