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Neural Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. Constructing a theoretical framework to improve deep brain stimulation (DBS) based on the neuronal spatiotemporal patterns of the stimulation-affected areas constitutes a primary target. <jats:italic>Approach<\/jats:italic>. We develop a large-scale biophysical network, paired with a realistic volume conductor model, to estimate theoretically efficacious stimulation protocols. Based on previously published anatomically defined structural connectivity, a biophysical basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical neuronal network is constructed using Hodgkin\u2013Huxley dynamics. We define a new biomarker describing the thalamic spatiotemporal activity as a ratio of spiking vs. burst firing. The per cent activation of the different pathways is adapted in the simulation to minimise the differences of the biomarker with respect to its value under healthy conditions. <jats:italic>Main results.<\/jats:italic> This neuronal network reproduces spatiotemporal patterns that emerge in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Simulations of the fibre per cent activation for the defined biomarker propose desensitisation of pallido-thalamic synaptic efficacy, induced by high-frequency signals, as one possible crucial mechanism for DBS action. Based on this activation, we define both an optimal electrode position and stimulation protocol using pathway activation modelling. <jats:italic>Significance<\/jats:italic>. A key advantage of this research is that it combines different approaches, i.e. the spatiotemporal pattern with the electric field and axonal response modelling, to compute the optimal DBS protocol. By correlating the inherent network dynamics with the activation of white matter fibres, we obtain new insights into the DBS therapeutic action.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/ad0e7c","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]],"date-time":"2023-11-21T22:21:50Z","timestamp":1700605310000},"page":"066045","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Towards an optimised deep brain stimulation using a large-scale computational network and realistic volume conductor model"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5651-5631","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Spiliotis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantin","family":"Butenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Starke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1042-2058","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ursula","family":"van Rienen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00fcdiger","family":"K\u00f6hling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"jnead0e7cbib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.03.042","article-title":"The native T-type calcium current in relay neurons of the primate thalamus","volume":"141","author":"Alexander","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"jnead0e7cbib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.01.011","article-title":"Subthalamic nucleus evokes similar long lasting glutamatergic excitations in pallidal, entopeduncular and nigral neurons in the basal ganglia slice","volume":"166","author":"Ammari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"jnead0e7cbib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/aaa14b","article-title":"Optimized programming algorithm for cylindrical and directional deep brain stimulation electrodes","volume":"15","author":"Anderson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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