{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:01:38Z","timestamp":1792785698003,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]],"date-time":"2024-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]],"date-time":"2024-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712102400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"US NIH","award":["RF1MH124909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF1MH124909"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Neural Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can be used to non-invasively entrain neural activity and thereby cause changes in local neural oscillatory power. Despite its increased use in cognitive and clinical neuroscience, the fundamental mechanisms of tACS are still not fully understood.\n                    <jats:italic>Approach<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We developed a computational neuronal network model of two-compartment pyramidal neurons (PY) and inhibitory interneurons, which mimic the local cortical circuits. We modeled tACS with electric field strengths that are achievable in human applications. We then simulated intrinsic network activity and measured neural entrainment to investigate how tACS modulates ongoing endogenous oscillations.\n                    <jats:italic>Main results<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The intensity-specific effects of tACS are non-linear. At low intensities (&lt;0.3 mV mm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), tACS desynchronizes neural firing relative to the endogenous oscillations. At higher intensities (&gt;0.3 mV mm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), neurons are entrained to the exogenous electric field. We then further explore the stimulation parameter space and find that the entrainment of ongoing cortical oscillations also depends on stimulation frequency by following an Arnold tongue. Moreover, neuronal networks can amplify the tACS-induced entrainment via synaptic coupling and network effects. Our model shows that PY are directly entrained by the exogenous electric field and drive the inhibitory neurons.\n                    <jats:italic>Significance<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The results presented in this study provide a mechanistic framework for understanding the intensity- and frequency-specific effects of oscillating electric fields on neuronal networks. This is crucial for rational parameter selection for tACS in cognitive studies and clinical applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/ad37d9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T11:31:48Z","timestamp":1711452708000},"page":"026024","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Intensity- and frequency-specific effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation are explained by network dynamics"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6866-8027","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhihe","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8267-6527","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sina","family":"Shirinpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2847-151X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Harry","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0056-6464","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Miles","family":"Wischnewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4851-1243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Opitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"jnead37d9bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2022.11.013","article-title":"Neurocognitive, physiological, and biophysical effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation","volume":"27","author":"Wischnewski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07233-7","article-title":"Immediate neurophysiological effects of transcranial electrical stimulation","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1988.sp017232","article-title":"Effects of electric fields on transmembrane potential and excitability of turtle cerebellar Purkinje cells in vitro","volume":"402","author":"Chan","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.137711","article-title":"Sensitivity of coherent oscillations in rat hippocampus to AC electric fields","volume":"583","author":"Deans","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15067","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2059-10.2010","article-title":"Low-intensity electrical stimulation affects network dynamics by modulating population rate and spike timing","volume":"30","author":"Reato","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2009.03.007","article-title":"Role of cortical cell type and morphology in subthreshold and suprathreshold uniform electric field stimulation in vitro","volume":"2","author":"Radman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2014.07.033","article-title":"Endogenous cortical oscillations constrain neuromodulation by weak electric fields","volume":"7","author":"Schmidt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2727","article-title":"Ephaptic coupling of cortical neurons","volume":"14","author":"Anastassiou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.06.005","article-title":"Endogenous electric fields may guide neocortical network activity","volume":"67","author":"Fr\u00f6hlich","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11476","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5252-09.2010","article-title":"Transcranial electric stimulation entrains cortical neuronal populations in rats","volume":"30","author":"Ozen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaaz2747","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaz2747","article-title":"Dose-dependent effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation on spike timing in awake nonhuman primates","volume":"6","author":"Johnson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5747","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1815958116","article-title":"Transcranial alternating current stimulation entrains single-neuron activity in the primate brain","volume":"116","author":"Krause","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2022.08.018","article-title":"A minimum effective dose for (transcranial) alternating current stimulation","volume":"15","author":"Alekseichuk","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3001650","article-title":"Brain stimulation competes with ongoing oscillations for control of spike timing in the primate brain","volume":"20","author":"Krause","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23021-2","article-title":"Transcranial alternating current stimulation entrains alpha oscillations by preferential phase synchronization of fast-spiking cortical neurons to stimulation waveform","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.3233\/RNN-140411","article-title":"Cortical inhibition and excitation by bilateral transcranial alternating current stimulation","volume":"33","author":"Cancelli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Restor. Neurol Neurosci."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2015.01.398","article-title":"Personalizing the electrode to neuromodulate an extended cortical region","volume":"8","author":"Cancelli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12165","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0978-11.2011","article-title":"Frequency-dependent tuning of the human motor system induced by transcranial oscillatory potentials","volume":"31","author":"Feurra","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2019.07.023","article-title":"Effects of beta-tACS on corticospinal excitability: a meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Wischnewski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2016.04.011","article-title":"Effects of theta transcranial alternating current stimulation over the frontal cortex on reversal learning","volume":"9","author":"Wischnewski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3286","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhz309","article-title":"Frontal beta transcranial alternating current stimulation improves reversal learning","volume":"30","author":"Wischnewski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5778","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-42192-z","article-title":"Gamma tACS over the temporal lobe increases the occurrence of Eureka! moments","volume":"9","author":"Santarnecchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2017.00651","article-title":"The effects of theta and gamma tACS on working memory and electrophysiology","volume":"11","author":"Pahor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2924","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhy160","article-title":"NMDA receptor-mediated motor cortex plasticity after 20 Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation","volume":"29","author":"Wischnewski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13417-6","article-title":"Integrating electric field modeling and neuroimaging to explain inter-individual variability of tACS effects","volume":"10","author":"Kasten","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1007\/s11571-022-09880-5","article-title":"Transcranial alternating current stimulation ameliorates emotional attention through neural oscillations modulation","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cogn. Neurodyn."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2022.147834","article-title":"Frequency-specific transcranial neuromodulation of alpha power alters visuospatial attention performance","volume":"1782","author":"Kemmerer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5347","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhac423","article-title":"Spectral specificity of gamma-frequency transcranial alternating current stimulation over motor cortex during sequential movements","volume":"33","author":"Spooner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.09.047","article-title":"Low-frequency alternating current stimulation rhythmically suppresses gamma-band oscillations and impairs perceptual performance","volume":"184","author":"Herring","year":"2019","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2022.118953","article-title":"Effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation on spiking activity in computational models of single neocortical neurons","volume":"250","author":"Tran","year":"2022","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1006124","article-title":"Differential polarization of cortical pyramidal neuron dendrites through weak extracellular fields","volume":"14","author":"Aspart","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLOS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s00422-022-00952-7","article-title":"Comparison between an exact and a heuristic neural mass model with second-order synapses","volume":"117","author":"Clusella","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biol. Cybern."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1006974","article-title":"Weak electric fields promote resonance in neuronal spiking activity: analytical results from two-compartment cell and network models","volume":"15","author":"Ladenbauer","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLOS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1007822","article-title":"Biophysically grounded mean-field models of neural populations under electrical stimulation","volume":"16","author":"Cakan","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLOS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2019.12.229","article-title":"P118 A biophysically realistic laminar neural mass modeling framework for transcranial current stimulation","volume":"131","author":"Ruffini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11262","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5867-12.2013","article-title":"Transcranial alternating current stimulation modulates large-scale cortical network activity by network resonance","volume":"33","author":"Ali","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5328","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0236-16.2016","article-title":"Shaping intrinsic neural oscillations with periodic stimulation","volume":"36","author":"Herrmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.02.005","article-title":"Targeting alpha-band oscillations in a cortical model with amplitude-modulated high-frequency transcranial electric stimulation","volume":"173","author":"Negahbani","year":"2018","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005206","article-title":"Extending integrate-and-fire model neurons to account for the effects of weak electric fields and input filtering mediated by the dendrite","volume":"12","author":"Aspart","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.44494","article-title":"NetpyNE, a tool for data-driven multiscale modeling of brain circuits","volume":"8","author":"Dura-Bernal","year":"2019","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1997.9.6.1179","article-title":"The NEURON simulation environment","volume":"9","author":"Hines","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neural Comput."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/6743.003.0015","article-title":"Theoretical significance of dendritic trees for neuronal input-output relations","author":"Rall","year":"1964","journal-title":"Neural Theory Model."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.055772","article-title":"Effects of uniform extracellular DC electric fields on excitability in rat hippocampal slices in vitro","volume":"557","author":"Bikson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1038\/382363a0","article-title":"Influence of dendritic structure on firing pattern in model neocortical neurons","volume":"382","author":"Mainen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s00422-008-0263-8","article-title":"Minimal Hodgkin-Huxley type models for different classes of cortical and thalamic neurons","volume":"99","author":"Pospischil","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol. Cybern."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1162\/089976606775093882","article-title":"Polychronization: computation with spikes","volume":"18","author":"Izhikevich","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neural Comput."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.51214","article-title":"Human neocortical neurosolver (HNN), a new software tool for interpreting the cellular and network origin of human MEG\/EEG data","volume":"9","author":"Neymotin","year":"2020","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2013.12.009","article-title":"Autaptic self-inhibition of cortical GABAergic neurons: synaptic narcissism or useful introspection?","volume":"26","author":"Deleuze","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib49","first-page":"172","article-title":"The synapse","author":"Sterratt","year":"2011"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib50","first-page":"1","article-title":"Kinetic models of synaptic transmission","volume":"vol 2","author":"Destexhe","year":"1998"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2014.02.009","article-title":"A model of TMS-induced I-waves in motor cortex","volume":"7","author":"Rusu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2012.10.007","article-title":"Alpha-band oscillations, attention, and controlled access to stored information","volume":"16","author":"Klimesch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-019-0439-0","article-title":"Double-blind, randomized pilot clinical trial targeting alpha oscillations with transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD)","volume":"9","author":"Alexander","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib54","first-page":"302","article-title":"Reduction in left frontal alpha oscillations by transcranial alternating current stimulation in major depressive disorder is context dependent in a randomized clinical trial","volume":"7","author":"Riddle","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013766","article-title":"Transcranial alternating current stimulation enhances individual alpha activity in human EEG","volume":"5","author":"Zaehle","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.12.014","article-title":"Enhancement of spike-timing precision by autaptic transmission in neocortical inhibitory interneurons","volume":"49","author":"Bacci","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3699","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0235-13.2014","article-title":"Activation of prefrontal cortical parvalbumin interneurons facilitates extinction of reward-seeking behavior","volume":"34","author":"Sparta","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1565","article-title":"Fine-scale specificity of cortical networks depends on inhibitory cell type and connectivity","volume":"8","author":"Yoshimura","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3113","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00979.2005","article-title":"On the origin of the extracellular action potential waveform: a modeling study","author":"Gold","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008832702585","article-title":"Electrical interactions via the extracellular potential near cell bodies","volume":"6","author":"Holt","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Comput. Neurosci."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2016.00065","article-title":"Computational modeling of single neuron extracellular electric potentials and network local field potentials using LFPsim","volume":"10","author":"Parasuram","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Comput. Neurosci."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2021.09.004","article-title":"Multi-scale modeling toolbox for single neuron and subcellular activity under transcranial magnetic stimulation","volume":"14","author":"Shirinpour","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"aadbb1","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/aadbb1","article-title":"Biophysically realistic neuron models for simulation of cortical stimulation","volume":"15","author":"Aberra","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02476917","article-title":"Considerations of quasi-stationarity in electrophysiological systems","volume":"29","author":"Plonsey","year":"1967","journal-title":"Bull. Math. Biophys."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/5\/1\/005","article-title":"Analysis of the quasi-static approximation for calculating potentials generated by neural stimulation","volume":"5","author":"Bossetti","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0146443","article-title":"Quantifying neural oscillatory synchronization: a comparison between spectral coherence and phase-locking value approaches","volume":"11","author":"Lowet","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v031.i10","article-title":"CircStat: a MATLAB toolbox for circular statistics","volume":"31","author":"Berens","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s10827-020-00745-6","article-title":"Modelling acute and lasting effects of tDCS on epileptic activity","volume":"48","author":"Denoyer","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Comput. Neurosci."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-45898-5","article-title":"Induced neural phase precession through exogeneous electric fields","volume":"15","author":"Wischnewski","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib70","article-title":"Synchronization","author":"Pikovsky","year":"2003","edition":"ed"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01616","article-title":"Turning on and off recurrent balanced cortical activity","volume":"423","author":"Shu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.04.027","article-title":"Instantaneous modulation of gamma oscillation frequency by balancing excitation with inhibition","volume":"62","author":"Atallah","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"jnead37d9bib73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1007923","article-title":"Realistic modeling of mesoscopic ephaptic coupling in the human brain","volume":"16","author":"Ruffini","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLOS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00208.2014","article-title":"Lasting modulation of in vitro oscillatory activity with weak direct current stimulation","volume":"113","author":"Reato","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"jnead37d9bib75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15927","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1010356107","article-title":"Neuron densities vary across and within cortical areas in primates","volume":"107","author":"Collins","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neural Engineering"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/ad37d9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/ad37d9\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/ad37d9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/ad37d9\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/ad37d9\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/ad37d9\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/ad37d9\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/ad37d9\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]],"date-time":"2024-04-23T05:55:03Z","timestamp":1713851703000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/ad37d9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1741-2552\/ad37d9","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2023.05.19.541493","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1741-2560","1741-2552"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-2560","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-2552","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Intensity- and frequency-specific effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation are explained by network dynamics","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Neural Engineering","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2023-09-19","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2024-03-26","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2024-04-03","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}