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Neural Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS), a non-invasive method of stimulating the vagus nerve, simultaneously affects the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and central nervous system (CNS) through efferent and afferent pathways. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of taVNS on the ANS and CNS through heart rate variability (HRV) and electroencephalography (EEG) parameters of identified responders.\n                    <jats:italic>Approach.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Two sets of data were collected from each of 10 healthy adult male subjects in their 20 s, and five HRV parameters from the time domain (RMSSD, pNN50, pNN30, pNN20, ppNNx) and two EEG parameters (power of alpha band, power of delta band) were extracted.\n                    <jats:italic>Main results.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Based on pNN50, responders to taVNS were identified; among them, pNN50 (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.0041) and ppNNx (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.0037) showed significant differences before and after taVNS. At the same time, for alpha power and delta power of EEG, significant difference (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05) was observed in most channels after taVNS compared to before stimulation.\n                    <jats:italic>Significance.<\/jats:italic>\n                    This study demonstrated the validity of identifying responders using pNN50 and the influence of taVNS on both the ANS and CNS. We conclude that taVNS can be used to treat a variety of diseases and as a tool to help control the ANS and CNS.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/ad5d16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T18:24:53Z","timestamp":1719599093000},"page":"046012","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Analysis of taVNS effects on autonomic and central nervous systems in healthy young adults based on HRV, EEG parameters"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6009-3045","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Donghun","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6638-9043","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Youngseok","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9884-9672","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jongshill","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7700-0250","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eunkyoung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"jnead5d16bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2015.07.009","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation in neuropsychiatry: targeting anatomy-based stimulation sites","volume":"51","author":"Trevizol","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav."},{"key":"jnead5d16bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1998.tb01151.x","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation","volume":"39","author":"Schachter","year":"1998","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"jnead5d16bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000437","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation inhibits cortical spreading depression","volume":"157","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"jnead5d16bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810050021","article-title":"Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation for partial onset seizure therapy: a new concept","volume":"16","author":"Ventureyra","year":"2000","journal-title":"Child\u2019s Nervous Syst."},{"key":"jnead5d16bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.13528","article-title":"A comprehensive review of vagus nerve stimulation for depression","volume":"25","author":"Austelle","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"jnead5d16bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000013845","article-title":"Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in treating major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"97","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"jnead5d16bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2016.02.001","article-title":"Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) for major depressive disorder: an open label proof-of-concept trial","volume":"9","author":"Trevizol","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"jnead5d16bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1984","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-05842-3","article-title":"The potential of invasive and non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation to improve verbal memory performance in epilepsy patients","volume":"12","author":"Mertens","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. 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