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Neural Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic> Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) offers therapeutic benefits for various brain disorders. Personalization may enhance these benefits by optimizing stimulation parameters for individual subjects. <jats:italic>Approach.<\/jats:italic> We present a computational pipeline for simulating and assessing the effects of NIBS using personalized, large-scale brain network activity models. Using structural MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging data, the pipeline leverages a convolutional neural network-based segmentation algorithm to generate subject-specific head models with up to 40 tissue types and personalized dielectric properties. We integrate electromagnetic simulations of NIBS exposure with whole-brain network models to predict NIBS-dependent perturbations in brain dynamics, simulate the resulting EEG traces, and quantify metrics of brain dynamics. <jats:italic>Main results.<\/jats:italic> The pipeline is implemented on o<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>S<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>PARC, an open, cloud-based infrastructure designed for collaborative and reproducible computational life science. Furthermore, a dedicated planning tool provides guidance for optimizing electrode placements for transcranial temporal interference stimulation. In two proof-of-concept applications, we demonstrate that: (i) transcranial alternating current stimulation produces expected shifts in the EEG spectral response, and (ii) simulated baseline network activity exhibits physiologically plausible fluctuations in inter-hemispheric synchronization. <jats:italic>Significance.<\/jats:italic> This pipeline facilitates a shift from exposure-based to response-driven optimization of NIBS, supporting new stimulation paradigms that steer brain dynamics towards desired activity patterns in a controlled manner.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/adb88f","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T22:53:52Z","timestamp":1740092032000},"page":"026061","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Precision non-invasive brain stimulation: an <i>in silico<\/i> pipeline for personalized control of brain dynamics"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2209-7590","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fariba","family":"Karimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4361-1025","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Melanie","family":"Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8429-8702","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Taylor","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0935-9530","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bryn A","family":"Lloyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3375-7440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonino M","family":"Cassara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"de Fontenay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0756-192X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Silvia","family":"Farcito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Paul Triebkorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Beanato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4060-8649","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Huifang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Iavarone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4746-4633","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Friedhelm C","family":"Hummel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5827-3728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niels","family":"Kuster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8251-8860","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Viktor","family":"Jirsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5528-6147","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Esra","family":"Neufeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"jneadb88fbib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-017-0054-4","article-title":"Studying and modifying brain function with non-invasive brain stimulation","volume":"21","author":"Polan\u00eda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. 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