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Mater."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Studies of electrical stimulation therapies for the treatment of neurological disorders, such as deep brain stimulation, have almost exclusively been performed using animal-models. However, because animal-models can only approximate human brain disorders, these studies should be supplemented with an\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    human cell-culture based model to substantiate the results of animal-based studies and further investigate therapeutic benefit in humans. This study presents a novel approach to analyze the effect of electrical stimulation on the neurogenesis of patient-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) derived neural progenitor cell (NPC) lines,\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    using a 3D graphene scaffold system. The iPSC-derived hNPCs used to demonstrate the system were collected from patients with Rett syndrome, a debilitating neurodevelopmental disorder. The graphene scaffold readily supported both the wild-type and Rett NPCs. Electrical stimulation parameters were optimized to accommodate both wild-type and Rett cells. Increased cell maturation and improvements in cell morphology of the Rett cells was observed after electrical stimulation. The results of the pilot study of electrical stimulation to enhance Rett NPCs neurogenesis were promising and support further investigation of the therapy. Overall, this system provides a valuable tool to study electrical stimulation as a potential therapy for neurological disorders using patient-specific cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-605x\/aaaf2b","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,14]],"date-time":"2018-02-14T06:45:11Z","timestamp":1518590711000},"page":"034111","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Human Rett-derived neuronal progenitor cells in 3D graphene scaffold as an\n                    <i>in vitro<\/i>\n                    platform to study the effect of electrical stimulation on neuronal differentiation"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Anh Tuan","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore"},{"name":"Neuroscience Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, 20 College Road, 169856,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7312-6427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabrina","family":"Mattiassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Waterloo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6211-5821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Loeblein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanyang Technological University"},{"name":"CNRS International NTU Thales Research Alliance (CINTRA) UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunice","family":"Chin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, 20 College Road, 169856,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3077-1968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"DongLiang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, 20 College Road, 169856,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Coquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS International NTU Thales Research Alliance (CINTRA) UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virgile","family":"Viasnoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0528-1764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edwin Hang Tong","family":"Teo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanyang Technological University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8244-6959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eyleen L","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, 20 College Road, 169856,"},{"name":"National Neuroscience Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9812-1801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evelyn K F","family":"Yim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore"},{"name":"University of Waterloo"},{"name":"National University of Singapore"},{"name":"National University of Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bmmaaaf2bbib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1021\/bm034247a","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Recent developments in ring opening polymerization of lactones for biomedical applications","volume":"4","author":"Albertsson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"bmmaaaf2bbib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4201","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2016.7591653","type":"conference-proceedings","article-title":"Three dimensional graphene scaffold for cardiac tissue engineering and in situ electrical recording","author":"Ameri","year":"2016"},{"key":"bmmaaaf2bbib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200005)47:5<670::AID-ANA20>3.0.CO;2-F","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Influence of mutation type and X chromosome inactivation on Rett syndrome phenotypes","volume":"47","author":"Amir","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann. 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