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Specific biochemical and biophysical cues are required to be incorporated to artificial nerve grafts to promote neural cell adhesion and guide neurite outgrowth. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nerve conduits have been clinically approved, but the applicability of PVA nerve conduits is limited to short injuries due to low cell binding. In this study, we explored the incorporation of biochemical cues and topographical cues for promoting neuritogenesis and axon guidance. PVA was conjugated with extracellular matrix proteins and fucoidan, a bioactive sulfated polysaccharide, to improve cell adhesion. Micro-sized topographies, including 1.8 \u03bcm convex lenses, 2 \u03bcm gratings, and 10 \u03bcm gratings were successfully fabricated on PVA by nanofabrication, and the synergistic effects of topography and biochemical molecules on pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12) neuritogenesis and neurite alignment were studied. Conjugated fucoidan promoted the percentage of PC12 with neurite outgrowth from 0% to 2.8% and further increased to 5% by presenting laminin on the surface. Additionally, fucoidan was able to bind nerve growth factor (NGF) on the surface and allow for PC12 to extend neurites in NGF-free media. The incorporation of 2 \u03bcm gratings could double the percentage of PC12 with neurite outgrowth and neurite length, and guided the neurites to extend along the grating axis. The work presents a promising strategy to enhance neurite formation and axon guidance, presenting significant value in promoting nerve regeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-605x\/ace5fe","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T22:39:40Z","timestamp":1689028780000},"page":"054101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Fucoidan and microtopography on polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels guided axons and enhanced neuritogenesis of pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12) cells"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5179-7636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8619-6565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dency","family":"David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9812-1801","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Evelyn K F","family":"Yim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"bmmace5febib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biot.201700635","article-title":"Strategic design and fabrication of nerve guidance conduits for peripheral nerve regeneration","volume":"13","author":"Sarker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biotechnol. 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