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Scaffolds were implanted into a 5 mm bone defect created in the femur of adult rats, and the new bone fraction was determined using micro-computed tomography scanning at one-month follow-up. PCL\u2013Sal scaffold had a structure, porosity, and fiber diameter suitable for bone construction. It also possessed a higher rate of hydrophilicity and bioactivity compared to the PCL, providing a suitable surface for the proliferation and bone differentiation of BMSCs. Furthermore, PCL\u2013Sal scaffolds showed a higher capacity to scavenge free radicals compared to PCL. The improved bone healing potential of the PCL\u2013Sal scaffold was also confirmed according to <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> implantation results. Our findings revealed that the Sal-laden implant could be considered for bone repair due to desirable characteristics of Sal such as hydrophilicity, surface modification for cell attachment, and antioxidant properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-605x\/ad3536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T22:44:13Z","timestamp":1710801853000},"page":"035020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Fabrication and application of salicin-polycaprolactone 3D-printed scaffold in the healing of femur bone defects"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8133-8729","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hanieh","family":"Jalali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9950-9987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milad","family":"Salemian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0349-6676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Nabiuni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1234-1617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Homa Mohseni","family":"Kouchesfehani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7420-6392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Latifeh Karimzadeh","family":"Bardei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6444-5541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carl","family":"Gregory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bmmad3536bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26061661","article-title":"The influence of salicin on rheological and film-forming properties of collagen","volume":"26","author":"Adamiak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"bmmad3536bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.21315\/mjms2017.24.5.11","article-title":"Sample size calculation in animal studies using resource equation approach","volume":"24","author":"Arifin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Malays. 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