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Mater."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Colon cancer (CC) is one of the most prevalent cancers in the world, and chemotherapy is widely applied to combat it. However, chemotherapy drugs have severe side effects and emergence of multi drug resistance (MDR) is common. This bottleneck can be overcome by niosome nanocarriers that minimize drug dose\/toxicity meanwhile allow co-loading of incompatible drugs for combination therapy. In this research, silibinin (Sil) as a hydrophobic drug was loaded into the lipophilic part, and methotrexate (MTX) into the hydrophilic part of niosome by the thin film hydration (TFH) method to form Nio@MS NPs for CT26 colon cancer therapy <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. Our results indicated synthesis of ideal niosome nanoparticles (NPs) with spherical morphology, size of \u223c100 nm, and a zeta potential of \u221210 mV. The IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> value for Nio@MS was determined \u223c2.6 \u00b5g ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, which was significantly lower than MTX-Sil (\u223c6.86 \u00b5g ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), Sil (18.46 \u00b5g ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> ), and MTX (9.8 \u00b5g ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> ). Further, Nio@MS significantly reduced cell adhesion density, promoted apoptosis and increased gene expression level of caspase 3 and BAX while promoted significant downregulation of BCL2. In conclusion, the design and application of niosome to co-administer Sil and MTX can increase the drugs cytotoxicity, reduce their dose and improve anti-cancer potential by combating MDR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-605x\/ad5d9b","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T11:40:33Z","timestamp":1719920433000},"page":"055015","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Codelivery of methotrexate and silibinin by niosome nanoparticles for enhanced chemotherapy of CT26 colon cancer cells"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Masoumeh","family":"Sharifi-Azad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9575-9878","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Masoumeh","family":"Kaveh Zenjanab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Shahpouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Amin","family":"Adili-Aghdam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marziyeh","family":"Fathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5119-252X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rana","family":"Jahanban-Esfahlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bmmad5d9bbib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-022-02605-y","article-title":"Recent advances in targeted drug delivery systems for resistant colorectal cancer","volume":"22","author":"Sharifi-Azad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int."},{"key":"bmmad5d9bbib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12010144","article-title":"Targeted nano-drug delivery of colchicine against colon cancer cells by means of mesoporous silica nanoparticles","volume":"12","author":"AbouAitah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"bmmad5d9bbib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2024.105567","article-title":"Paclitaxel for breast cancer therapy: a review on effective drug combination modalities and nano drug delivery platforms","volume":"95","author":"Zenjanab","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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