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Inspired by olfactory microenvironmental niches, we implemented a niche-targeted strategy. Our investigation defines the biological properties of ectodermal olfactory mesenchymal stem cells (OMSCs) and further elucidates their niche-targeted paracrine effect\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The findings demonstrate that OMSC-conditioned medium (OMSC-CM) delivered in fibrin hydrogel mediates potent SCI repair by concurrently protecting neurons, enhancing axonal regeneration, and suppressing destructive inflammation via IL-10 signaling. Critically, persistence of IL-10 signaling\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    is sustained both by direct supply from OMSC-CM and by OMSC-CM-induced activation of CD206\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    macrophages\n                    <jats:sup>IL\u221210<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Successful neural circuit reconstruction with OMSC-CM depends on maximizing neuronal involvement in neural pathway formation. These findings may establish a special conceptual framework for developing regenerative medicine strategies in the future.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/ae2baa","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T22:52:58Z","timestamp":1765493578000},"page":"015020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Niche-targeted paracrine signaling from OMSCs restores the regenerative microenvironment after SCI"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6528-7765","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruijie","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanjing","family":"Rong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7046-5386","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qingtong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenwen","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7451-0466","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xia","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qilong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9811-6420","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jollibekov","family":"Berdiyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Had","family":"Eskandari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiangnan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ximing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bfae2baabib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3791","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.115242","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Exosomes: a promising microenvironment modulator for spinal cord injury treatment","volume":"21","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. 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