{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:33:03Z","timestamp":1787236383913,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719878400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006560","name":"Yildiz Technical University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["FBA-2023-5502"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FBA-2023-5502"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006560","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mater. Res. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We studied ZnO thin films deposited on glass slides by thermal evaporation in vacuum followed by heat treatment in open air or Ar flow. The samples were characterized using x-ray diffraction, Raman scattering, photoluminescence (PL), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. We observed a broad PL band in the visible region at spectral positions of 504 and 560 nm and a low-intensity band in the UV region at 390 nm. The EPR spectra display a clear first derivative structure at\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:tex-math>\n                        \n                      <\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mi>g<\/mml:mi>\n                        <mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo>\n                        <mml:mn>1.96<\/mml:mn>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    at temperatures below 200 K. The PL spectrum shows red-shifted valence to conduction band emission due to electron hole recombination through shallow surface states. We found an activation energy of\n                    <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    = 4.2 meV using the Arrhenius plot and estimated concentrations of paramagnetic defects and spin\u2013spin relaxation time constants of 10\n                    <jats:sup>16<\/jats:sup>\n                    m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\n                    and 10\n                    <jats:sup>\u201314<\/jats:sup>\n                    s, respectively.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/2053-1591\/ad5a6a","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]],"date-time":"2024-06-20T18:41:16Z","timestamp":1718908876000},"page":"076402","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["An EPR study of point defects in zinc oxide thin films"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2332-4341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinan Fadel Mohammad Ali","family":"Heydari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5052-5575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet Hikmet","family":"Y\u00fckselici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"mrxad5a6abib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optmat.2011.11.005","article-title":"Control and characterization of structural and optical properties of ZnO thin films fabricated by thermal oxidation Zn metallic films","volume":"34","author":"Hong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Opt. 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Published by IOP Publishing Ltd","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2024-03-28","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2024-06-20","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2024-07-02","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}