{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T05:36:39Z","timestamp":1768714599553,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]],"date-time":"2020-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/iop-standard\/v1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]],"date-time":"2020-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598227200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005851","name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005851","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder represented by the ingestion of the gluten protein usually found in wheat, barley and rye. To date, ELISA has been the most accurate method for determining the presence of anti-gliadin, which is cumbersome, expensive (compared to a suspension microarray technique), and requires extensive sample preparation. In this study, in order to establish a more accurate assay to identify gliadin at lower concentrations, optical nano biosensors using an indirect immunoassay method for gliadin detection was designed and fabricated. For this, polycaprolactone (PCL) nano- to micro-beads were fabricated as a platform for the gliadin antigen which were optimized and nano functionalized with amine groups for such purposes. The gliadin antibody, which is selective to gliadin, was then added to the beads. Static light scattering tests were conducted to determine PCL particle size distribution and sizes were found from 0.1 to 30\n                    <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                    m, which is suitable for flowcytometry detection devices. Anti-gliadin detection was performed using an anti IgG mouse antibody conjugated with FITC in a flow cytometry device to detect the smallest particle. Fluorescence intensity was investigated at different concentrations of anti-gliadin and a standard curve used to determine gluten concentration based on fluorescence intensity. Results showed that the fluorescence intensity increased with greater concentrations of anti-gliadin providing a very effective method of detection due to selectivity at a 5 ppm detection limit. This represents a new highly sensitive and fast method for anti-gliadin detection. Further, the disuse of a cross linker and the use of a dedicated antibody at a very low level (1\n                    <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                    l) made this new method very economical to identify anti-gliadin concentrations at the nano level. In summary, this study provides a new, more accurate and sensitive, as well as less expensive system to detect anti-gliadin for the improved diagnosis of celiac disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/2057-1976\/aba7ca","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]],"date-time":"2020-07-21T18:15:27Z","timestamp":1595355327000},"page":"055015","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Development of a nano biosensor for anti-gliadin detection for Celiac disease based on suspension microarrays"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Kharati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1180-8729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Rabiee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Rostami-Nejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elham","family":"Aghamohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Asadzadeh-Aghdaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Zali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6945-8541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Navid","family":"Rabiee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0374-2141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yousef","family":"Fatahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mojtaba","family":"Bagherzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2028-5969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas J","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"bpexaba7cabib1","first-page":"102","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Subclinical celiac disease and gluten sensitivity","volume":"4","author":"Nejad","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology from bed to bench"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5048","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.9b05384","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Electrochemical microfluidic micromotors-based immunoassay for C-reactive protein determination in preterm neonatal samples with sepsis suspicion","volume":"92","author":"Molinero-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2809","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.9b05218","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Self-powered temperature sensor with seebeck effect transduction for photothermal\u2013thermoelectric coupled immunoassay","volume":"92","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3535","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.9b02526","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Wash-free, digital immunoassay in polydisperse droplets","volume":"92","author":"Byrnes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14027-5","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Coeliac disease","volume":"362","author":"Green","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2003.09.012","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Recent advances in the formulation of gluten-free cereal-based products","volume":"15","author":"Gallagher","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends in Food Science & Technology"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.1997.tb01148.x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Identification of the major water\/salt insoluble wheat proteins involved in cereal hypersensitivity","volume":"27","author":"Sandiford","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clinical & Experimental Allergy"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib8","first-page":"5","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Epidemiology of celiac disease in Iran: a review","volume":"3","author":"Nejad","year":"2011","journal-title":"Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2013.05.014","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Sensitive detection and quantification of gliadin contamination in gluten-free food with immunomagnetic beads based liposomal fluorescence immunoassay","volume":"787","author":"Chu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6483","DOI":"10.1021\/jf2047866","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Detection of gliadin in foods using a quartz crystal microbalance biosensor that incorporates gold nanoparticles","volume":"60","author":"Chu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3604","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.8b05599","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Nucleic acid-functionalized metal\u2013organic framework-based homogeneous electrochemical biosensor for simultaneous detection of multiple tumor biomarkers","volume":"91","author":"Chang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2018.05.050","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Point-of-care microfluidic devices for pathogen detection","volume":"117","author":"Nasseri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11841","DOI":"10.1039\/D0NJ02595J","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Development of a novel carboxamide-based off-on switch fluorescence sensor: Hg2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+","volume":"40","author":"Kiani","year":"2020","journal-title":"New J. Chem."},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.119707","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Recent advances in porphyrin-based nanocomposites for effective targeted imaging and therapy","volume":"232","author":"Rabiee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4363","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S252237","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Burgeoning polymer nano blends for improved controlled drug release: a review","volume":"15","author":"Maghsoudi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2903","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S248327","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The pimpled gold nanosphere: a superior candidate for plasmonic photothermal therapy","volume":"15","author":"Nasseri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4237","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S248736","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Aptamer hybrid nanocomplexes as targeting components for antibiotic\/gene delivery systems and diagnostics: a review","volume":"15","author":"Rabiee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.2174\/1573412914666181017134015","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Rapid electrochemical ultra-sensitive evaluation and determination of daptomycin based on continuous cyclic voltammetry","volume":"16","author":"Rabiee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Current Pharmaceutical Analysis"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-014-1243-4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Nucleic acid detection based on the use of microbeads: a review","volume":"181","author":"R\u00f6diger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Microchim. Acta"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109917","type":"journal-article","article-title":"COVID-19 and picotechnology: potential opportunities","volume":"144","author":"Rabiee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s10544-019-0439-0","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Microfluidic devices with gold thin film channels for chemical and biomedical applications: a review","volume":"21","author":"Toudeshkchoui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. Microdevices"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1515\/revic-2018-0014","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Investigating the structural chemistry of organotin (IV) compounds: recent advances","volume":"39","author":"Rabiee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.2174\/1573399814666181031154817","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A perspective to the correlation between brain insulin resistance and alzheimer: medicinal chemistry approach","volume":"15","author":"Rabiee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Current Diabetes Reviews"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2057-1976\/aae6c1","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Biofunctionalized microbead arrays for early diagnosis of breast cancer","volume":"4","author":"Vafajoo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/s10544-018-0314-4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Multiplexed microarrays based on optically encoded microbeads","volume":"20","author":"Vafajoo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Microdevices"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.3390\/polym3010131","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Electrospraying, a reproducible method for production of polymeric microspheres for biomedical applications","volume":"3","author":"Bock","year":"2011","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2008.11.006","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of starch-poly-\u03b5-caprolactone microparticles incorporating bioactive agents for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications","volume":"5","author":"Balmayor","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2010.0531","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Synthesis and functionalization of superparamagnetic poly-\u03b5-caprolactone microparticles for the selective isolation of subpopulations of human adipose-derived stem cells","volume":"8","author":"Balmayor","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Interface"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8670","DOI":"10.1039\/C5TB01836F","type":"journal-article","article-title":"PCL microspheres tailored with carboxylated poly (glycidyl methacrylate)\u2013REDV conjugates as conducive microcarriers for endothelial cell expansion","volume":"3","author":"Yuan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-019-6319-6","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A review of accelerated wound healing approaches: biomaterial-assisted tissue remodeling","volume":"30","author":"Nour","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci., Mater. Med."},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/s42242-019-00041-y","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Mathematical modeling of drug release from biodegradable polymeric microneedles","volume":"2","author":"Chavoshi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bio-Design and Manufacturing"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2019.101146","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Recent advancements in aptamer-bioconjugates: sharpening stones for breast and prostate cancers targeting","volume":"53","author":"Maghsoudi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Drug Delivery Sci. Technol."},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib33","first-page":"1","type":"journal-article","article-title":"xMAP cookbook","volume":"1","author":"Angeloni","year":"2014","journal-title":"A Collection of Methods and Protocols for Developing Multiplex Assays with xMAP Technology"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2018.05.011","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Early diagnosis of disease using microbead array technology: a review","volume":"1032","author":"Parsa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3249","DOI":"10.1039\/C8AN00731D","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Optical assays based on colloidal inorganic nanoparticles","volume":"143","author":"Ghasemi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib36","first-page":"157","type":"book","article-title":"Microsphere-based multiplex immunoassays: development and applications using Luminex\u00ae xMAP\u00ae technology","author":"Dunbar","year":"2013","edition":"4th Edition"},{"key":"bpexaba7cabib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1080\/03602559.2012.700359","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Synthesis of poly (\u03f5-caprolactone) microreactors from freeze-dried microspheres","volume":"51","author":"Kukkar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Polym.-Plast. Technol. Eng."}],"container-title":["Biomedical Physics &amp; Engineering Express"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/aba7ca","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/aba7ca\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/aba7ca","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/aba7ca\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/aba7ca\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/aba7ca","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/aba7ca\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/aba7ca\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/aba7ca\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/aba7ca\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/aba7ca\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/aba7ca","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T15:21:24Z","timestamp":1768663284000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/aba7ca"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/aba7ca","relation":{},"ISSN":["2057-1976"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2057-1976","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Development of a nano biosensor for anti-gliadin detection for Celiac disease based on suspension microarrays","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2020-05-13","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2020-07-21","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2020-08-24","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}