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Multiple spontaneous and evoked recordings were obtained while maintaining sterility to study and modulate the electrophysiological response to injury. <jats:italic>Main results<\/jats:italic>. In the first set of experiments, neural signals were measured 2 and 24 h after stretch injury. Bursting activity increased 2 h after injury but returned to baseline by 24 h. However, 24 h after injury, both long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) were impaired. In another experiment, LTP was induced multiple times, both 24 h before and 24 h after injury, to study how the state of the pre-injury network affected electrophysiological outcome after injury. We provide preliminary evidence that induction of LTP before injury to increase synaptic strength was detrimental to neuronal plasticity (LTP) after injury. Future studies can use the stretchable microelectrode arrays and our induction paradigm to test if induction of LTD, a weakening of synaptic strength, could increase resiliency to injury. <jats:italic>Significance.<\/jats:italic> This research begins to examine the role of pre-injury network connectivity and synaptic strength on post-traumatic electrophysiological outcomes, which may increase understanding of the determinants of heterogeneous clinical outcomes in mild TBI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/2057-1976\/adea7e","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T18:48:04Z","timestamp":1751395684000},"page":"045029","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Long-term potentiation and long-term depression are both impaired after <i>in vitro<\/i> stretch injury measured with stretchable microelectrode arrays"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Mary Kate R","family":"Dwyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7912-5229","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Isabella","family":"Polsfuss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4539-9301","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Keondre","family":"Herbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1784-0455","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nevin","family":"Varghese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7676-0864","authenticated-orcid":true,"suffix":"III","given":"Barclay","family":"Morrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bpexadea7ebib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885\u201392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2017.04.016","article-title":"Concussion","volume":"130","author":"Mullally","year":"2017","journal-title":"The American Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"bpexadea7ebib2","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2022"},{"key":"bpexadea7ebib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8","DOI":"10.12786\/bn.2024.17.e8","article-title":"Biofluid-based biomarkers in traumatic brain injury: a narrative review","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain & Neurorehabilitation"},{"key":"bpexadea7ebib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2022-106657","article-title":"What tests and measures accurately diagnose persisting post-concussive symptoms in children, adolescents and adults following sport-related concussion? a systematic review","volume":"57","author":"Yeates","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. 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