{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T17:50:37Z","timestamp":1777053037896,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/iop-standard\/v1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776988800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008920","name":"University of Saskatchewan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008920","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2018-03902"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-03902"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000046","name":"National Research Council Canada","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000046","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Canada Foundation for Innovation, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Government of Saskatchewan, Western Economic Diversification Canada"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Microscopic two-dimensional (2D) elemental distributions of tissues can be probed by synchrotron-based 2D x-ray fluorescence (XRF) scanning. Converting 2D XRF data into elemental concentration maps (ECMs) enhances the scientific value of such studies by facilitating comparisons within the increasingly larger pool of published data. This study developed and tested a computationally fast method able to perform such conversions.\n                    <jats:italic>Approach.<\/jats:italic>\n                    A semicircular cortical bone slice, 0.38-mm-thick and \u223c150 mm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    in area, transversally sectioned from a lamb tibia was analyzed at the VESPERS beamline of the Canadian Light Source synchrotron. The 2D XRF scan consisted of short sequential microbeam irradiations in 10\n                    <jats:italic>\u00b5<\/jats:italic>\n                    m steps. The scan was repeated at four incident photon energies and probed two rectangular areas (0.24 mm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) at the sample\u2019s opposite edges. K-shell XRF peaks of seven elements (P, Ca, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Sr) were identified in the acquired x-ray spectra. Using physical and geometrical assumptions of the fundamental parameter method (FPM), the developed computer code generated ECMs of the investigated microscopic areas.\n                    <jats:italic>Main Results.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Generated ECMs indicated relatively uniform distributions of the seven chemical elements, with localized peaks near the sample edges. The average elemental concentrations at the four photon energies agreed with each other and compared well with literature data.\n                    <jats:italic>Significance.<\/jats:italic>\n                    A fast FPM-based computer code for converting 2D XRF data into ECMs was developed and tested. The code can be applied to investigations of other biological tissues extending the applicability of existing quantitative XRF methods.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/2057-1976\/ae5dd4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T22:47:59Z","timestamp":1775861279000},"page":"035001","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Derivation of elemental concentrations maps in a thin lamb bone sample from a two-dimensional synchrotron-based x-ray fluorescence scanning experiment"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2071-8151","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mihai R","family":"Gherase","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7325-6070","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nikhil N","family":"Hematillake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gavin E R","family":"Hopper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7193-5511","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David E B","family":"Fleming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renfei","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/24\/1\/011","type":"journal-article","article-title":"An x-ray fluorescence technique for in vivo determination of lead concentration in a bone matrix","volume":"24","author":"Ahlgren","year":"1979","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"N267","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/49\/17\/N01","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Monte Carlo investigations of distance-dependent effects on energy deposition in K-shell x-ray fluorescence bone lead measurement","volume":"49","author":"Ahmed","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/36\/7\/001","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Monte Carlo techniques in medical radiation physics","volume":"36","author":"Andreo","year":"1991","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-018-1065-3","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Monte Carlo simulations in radiotherapy dosimetry","volume":"13","author":"Andreo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiat. Oncol."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1002\/xrs.535","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of iron, copper and zinc concentrations in skin phantoms using XRF spectrometry","volume":"31","author":"Bagshaw","year":"2002","journal-title":"X-ray Spectrom."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.3168","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Imaging of metals in biological tissue by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA\u2013ICP\u2013MS): state of the art and future developments","volume":"48","author":"Becker","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Mass Spectrom."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0396.2006.00648.x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Concentration of copper, iron, manganese and zinc in muscle, fat and bone tissue of lambs of the breed German Merino Landsheep in the course of the growing period and different feeding intensities","volume":"91","author":"Bellof","year":"2007","journal-title":"Animal Physiol. Nutrition"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-016-0124-6","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A comparison of sample preparation strategies for biological tissues and subsequent trace element analysis using LA-ICP-MS","volume":"409","author":"Bonta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e7","DOI":"10.1017\/jan.2013.9","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The concentration of strontium and other minerals in animal feed ingredients","volume":"2","author":"Browning","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Appl. Anim. Nutr."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1039\/C6JA00297H","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Superior spatial resolution in confocal x-ray techniques using collimating channel array optics: elemental mapping and speciation in archaeological human bone","volume":"32","author":"Choudhury","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Anal. At. Spectrom."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2021GH000556","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The abundance of trace elements in human bone relative to bone type and bone pathology","volume":"6","author":"Coyte","year":"2022","journal-title":"GeoHealth"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1002\/xrs.1300220109","type":"journal-article","article-title":"How accurate is the fundamental parameter approach? XRF analysis of bulk and multilayer samples","volume":"22","author":"De Boer","year":"1993","journal-title":"X-ray Spectrom."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.75.35","type":"journal-article","article-title":"X-ray transition energies: new approach to a comprehensive evaluation","volume":"75","author":"Deslattes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev. Mod. Phys."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2013.02.019","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Characterization of the depth distribution of Ca, Fe and Zn in skin samples, using synchrotron micro-x-ray fluorescence (S\u03bcXRF) to help quantify in-vivo measurements of elements in the skin","volume":"77","author":"Desouza","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Radiat. Isot."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-806X(01)00227-4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A new atomic database for x-ray spectroscopic calculations","volume":"63","author":"Elam","year":"2002","journal-title":"Radiat. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib16","first-page":"104","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Accuracy of standardless FP analysis of bulk and thin film samples using a new atomic database","volume":"47","author":"Elam","year":"2004","journal-title":"Adv. X-ray Anal."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radphyschem.2006.04.003","type":"journal-article","article-title":"K \/K X-ray intensity ratios for elements in the range 16\u2a7dZ\u2a7d92 excited by 5.9, 59.5 and 123.6 keV photons","volume":"76","author":"Ertu\u011fral","year":"2007","journal-title":"Radiat. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1002\/xrs.2474","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Calibrations for measurement of manganese and zinc in nail clippings using portable XRF","volume":"42","author":"Fleming","year":"2013","journal-title":"X-ray Spectrom."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2023.127136","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Assessment of x-ray fluorescence capabilities for nail and hair matrices through zinc measurement in keratin reference materials","volume":"77","author":"Fleming","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/47\/13\/310","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Concentrations of Fe, Cu and Zn in breast tissue: a synchrotron XRF study","volume":"47","author":"Geraki","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.3390\/metrology3040020","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A two-dimensional K-shell x-ray fluorescence (2D-KXRF) model for soft tissue attenuation corrections of strontium measurements in a cortical lamb bone sample","volume":"3","author":"Gherase","year":"2023","journal-title":"Metrology"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/34\/9\/1163","type":"journal-article","article-title":"X-ray fluorescence measurements of arsenic micro-distribution in human nail clippings using synchrotron radiation","volume":"34","author":"Gherase","year":"2013","journal-title":"Physiol. Meas."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3390\/cryst10010012","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Probing trace elements in human tissues with synchrotron radiation","volume":"10","author":"Gherase","year":"2019","journal-title":"Crystals"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nima.2003.09.030","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Using the Monte Carlo\u2014library least-squares (MCLLS) approach for the in vivo XRF measurement of lead in bone","volume":"516","author":"Guo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jqsrt.2004.12.018","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Comparison of the quantitative results corrected by fundamental parameter method and difference calibration specimens in x-ray fluorescence spectrometry","volume":"97","author":"Han","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1063\/1.555593","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Relativistic atomic form factors and photon coherent scattering cross sections","volume":"8","author":"Hubbell","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1063\/1.555523","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Atomic form factors, incoherent scattering functions, and photon scattering cross sections","volume":"4","author":"Hubbell","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib28","author":"Jenkins","year":"1995","type":"book"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5233","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/49\/23\/003","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Measurement of coherent x-ray scatter form factors for amorphous materials using diffractometers","volume":"49","author":"Johns","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/S0584-8547(02)00281-1","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Quantification procedures in micro x-ray fluorescence analysis","volume":"58","author":"Kanngie\u00dfer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta B"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4377","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/56\/14\/010","type":"journal-article","article-title":"X-ray coherent scattering form factors of tissues, water and plastics using energy dispersion","volume":"56","author":"King","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib32","author":"Knoll","year":"2010","type":"book"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/42\/7\/001","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Medical applications of synchrotron radiation x-rays","volume":"42","author":"Lewis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2012.09.050","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Applications of synchrotron \u03bc-XRF to study the distribution of biologically important elements in different environmental matrices: a review","volume":"755","author":"Majumdar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1107\/S0909049510014020","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Quantification of phosphorus in single cells using synchrotron x-ray fluorescence","volume":"17","author":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Milland","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Synchrotron. Rad."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2013.07.038","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Spatial distribution of the trace elements zinc, strontium and lead in human bone tissue","volume":"57","author":"Pemmer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/54\/3\/012","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Mapping metals in Parkinson\u2019s and normal brain using rapid-scanning x-ray fluorescence","volume":"54","author":"Popescu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib38","author":"Press","year":"2007","type":"book"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1081\/SL-200058715","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Application of synchrotron X\u2010ray microbeam spectroscopy to the determination of metal distribution and speciation in biological tissues","volume":"38","author":"Punshon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spectrosc. Lett."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8499","DOI":"10.1021\/cr4007297","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Elemental and chemically specific x-ray fluorescence imaging of biological systems","volume":"114","author":"Pushie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s10534-008-9200-5","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Quantitative imaging of metals in tissues","volume":"22","author":"Ralle","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biometals"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-2889(91)90053-4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The role of Monte Carlo simulation of electron transport in radiation dosimetry","volume":"42","author":"Rogers","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int. J. Rad. Appl. Instrum. A"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R287","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/51\/13\/R17","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Fifty years of Monte Carlo simulations for medical physics","volume":"51","author":"Rogers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"N151","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/55\/6\/N02","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Simultaneous assessment of arsenic and selenium in human nail phantoms using a portable x-ray tube and a detector","volume":"55","author":"Roy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.3390\/met11050736","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Comparison of elemental analysis techniques for the characterization of commercial alloys","volume":"11","author":"Seidel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Metals"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib46","article-title":"XCOM-photon cross sections database, NIST standard reference database 8 online","author":"Seltzer","year":"1987","type":"web-resource"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2022.110151","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Investigating methods of normalization for x-ray fluorescence measurements of zinc in nail clippings using the TOPAS Monte Carlo code","volume":"182","author":"Sharma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Radiat. Isot."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/0371-1951(55)80041-0","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The theoretical derivation of fluorescent x-ray intensities from mixtures","volume":"7","author":"Sherman","year":"1955","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sab.2006.12.002","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A multiplatform code for the analysis of energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectra","volume":"62","author":"Sol\u00e9","year":"2007","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta B"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/31\/11\/008","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Comparison of two in vitro methods of bone lead analysis and the implications for in vivo measurements","volume":"31","author":"Somervaille","year":"1986","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/50\/3\/009","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Estimation of a method detection limit for an in vivo XRF arsenic detection system","volume":"50","author":"Studinski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1039\/C6JA00161K","type":"journal-article","article-title":"FPM model calculation for micro x-ray fluorescence confocal imaging using synchrotron radiation","volume":"32","author":"Szal\u00f3ki","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Anal. At. Spectrom."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s10967-005-0666-0","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Activation analysis methods and applications: trace element determinations in human cortical and trabecular bones","volume":"264","author":"Takata","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5393","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-013-6978-y","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cross-validation and evaluation of the performance of methods for the elemental analysis of forensic glass by \u03bc-XRF, ICP-MS, and LA-ICP-MS","volume":"405","author":"Trejos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1002\/xrs.2608","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Using external standard method with absorption correction in SRXRF analysis of biological tissues","volume":"44","author":"Trunova","year":"2015","journal-title":"X-ray Spectrom."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3806","DOI":"10.1021\/ac034227z","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Quantifying trace elements in individual aquatic protist cells with a synchrotron x-ray fluorescence microprobe","volume":"75","author":"Twining","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib57","author":"Van Grieken Rene","year":"2002","type":"book"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4539(199801\/02)27:1%3C31::AID-XRS245%3E3.0.CO;2-%23","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Determination of light elements using x\u2010ray spectrometry. Part I\u2014analytical implications of using scattered tube lines","volume":"27","author":"Van Sprang","year":"1998","journal-title":"X-ray Spectrom."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-9002(98)01000-6","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Standard soil sample preparation error and comparison of portable XRF to laboratory AA analytical results","volume":"422","author":"VanCott","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1002\/xrs.626","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Application of the backscatter fundamental parameter method for in situ element determination using a portable energy\u2010dispersive x\u2010ray fluorescence spectrometer","volume":"32","author":"Wegrzynek","year":"2003","journal-title":"X-ray Spectrom."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2012.09.002","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Accumulation of bone strontium measured by in vivo XRF in rats supplemented with strontium citrate and strontium ranelate","volume":"52","author":"Wohl","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sab.2011.01.009","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A new fundamental parameter based calibration procedure for micro x-ray fluorescence spectrometers","volume":"66","author":"Wolff","year":"2011","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta B"},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JRNC.0000017317.64992.04","type":"journal-article","article-title":"INAA application in the age dynamics assessment of Ca, Cl, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P and Sr in the cortical bone of human femoral neck","volume":"259","author":"Zaichick","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1007\/s10967-006-0281-8","type":"journal-article","article-title":"INAA of Ca, Cl K, Mg Mn, Na P, and Sr contents in the human cortical and trabecular bone","volume":"269","author":"Zaichick","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s10967-009-0084-9","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Instrumental neutron activation analysis of trace element contents in the rib bone of healthy men","volume":"281","author":"Zaichick","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1002\/xrs.942","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Evaluation of MCNP5 and EGS4 for the simulation of in vivo strontium XRF measurements","volume":"36","author":"Zamburlini","year":"2007","journal-title":"X-ray Spectrom."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3077129","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A bone composition model for Monte Carlo x\u2010ray transport simulations","volume":"36","author":"Zhou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"bpexae5dd4bib68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/815648","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The content of the 14 metals in cancellous and cortical bone of the hip joint affected by osteoarthritis","volume":"2015","author":"Zio\u0142a-Frankowska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Res. Int."}],"container-title":["Biomedical Physics &amp; Engineering Express"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/ae5dd4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/ae5dd4\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/ae5dd4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/ae5dd4\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/ae5dd4\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/ae5dd4\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/ae5dd4\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/ae5dd4\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T17:32:08Z","timestamp":1777051928000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/ae5dd4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/ae5dd4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2057-1976"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2057-1976","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Derivation of elemental concentrations maps in a thin lamb bone sample from a two-dimensional synchrotron-based x-ray fluorescence scanning experiment","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2025-10-07","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2026-04-10","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2026-04-24","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}