{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T06:17:55Z","timestamp":1783491475044,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/iop-standard\/v1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783468800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Purpose.<\/jats:italic>\n                    We aimed to evaluate the variability of tumor absorbed dose rate at 24 h post-injection across multiple cycles of\n                    <jats:sup>177<\/jats:sup>\n                    Lu-DOTATATE therapy. Using patient-specific Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, we quantified cycle-dependent variations in tumor absorbed dose rate and explicitly separated self- and cross-irradiation contributions.\n                    <jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Five patients, with neuroendocrine tumor metastases, who received 3\u20134 cycles of\n                    <jats:sup>177<\/jats:sup>\n                    Lu-DOTATATE therapy with a fixed activity of 7.4 GBq per cycle, were studied. All patients underwent single-photon emission computed tomography imaging 24 h after each injection cycle. The GATE MC framework (version 8.1) was used for voxel-level tumor dosimetry. Dosimetry was performed for 25 individual lesions, giving a total of 92 individual absorbed dose assessments across all cycles. We focused on relative, cycle-to-cycle comparison of tumor self- and cross-absorbed dose rate.\n                    <jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic>\n                    The cross-absorbed dose from surrounding tissues comprised a substantial fraction of total tumor absorbed dose rate, up to 32.64% across individual tumors and cycles. Linear mixed-effects analysis across all five patients revealed statistically significant differences in cross-absorbed dose contribution across treatment cycles (\n                    <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                    -values: 4.433\u201324.607;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    -values: 0.002\u2212&lt; 0.001). Descriptive statistics revealed that all 25 tumor self-absorbed dose changes ranged from 26.0% to 114.4% (mean: 63.4% \u00b1 27.4%, median: 63.2%) during 3\u20134 cycles, while cross-absorbed dose changes ranged from 4.6% to 330.5% (mean: 98.8% \u00b1 89.4%, median: 76.5%).\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusion.<\/jats:italic>\n                    A key finding of our study is that the cross-absorbed dose originating from organs containing or surrounding the tumor can substantially contribute to the absorbed dose rate, a factor that must be considered for accurate estimations at each cycle of treatment. Despite identical injected activities, tumor self- and cross-dose substantially changed over cycles. These results demonstrate the necessity for patient-specific activity administration protocols and cycle-specific dosimetry assessments in\n                    <jats:sup>177<\/jats:sup>\n                    Lu-DOTATATE therapy, supporting a paradigm shift from fixed-activity regimens toward individualized, image-based dosimetry-guided treatment strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/2057-1976\/ae8453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T22:48:01Z","timestamp":1782859681000},"page":"045010","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cycle-dependent variation of tumor absorbed dose rates in\n                    <sup>177<\/sup>\n                    Lu-DOTATATE therapies"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1457-7199","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ali","family":"Shabestani Monfared","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Babol University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1490-9090","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Milad","family":"Peer-Firozjaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Babol University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Deevband","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehrangiz","family":"Amiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Babol University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Abdollahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"},{"name":"BC Cancer Research Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narges","family":"Jokar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bushehr University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soraya","family":"Khafri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Babol University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9980-2403","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Arman","family":"Rahmim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"},{"name":"BC Cancer Research Institute"},{"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Ali","family":"Tajik Mansoury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"bpexae8453bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/ae07a2","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Assessment of the impact of the nuclear properties of \u03b2\u2212emitting radionuclides on the dosimetry of two radiopharmaceuticals with distinct pharmacokinetics","volume":"70","author":"De Nardo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phys. 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All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2026-03-20","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2026-06-30","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2026-07-08","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}