{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T07:25:45Z","timestamp":1794036345496,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]],"date-time":"2023-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]],"date-time":"2023-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677715200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006132","name":"Office of Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ASCR ALCC ALCF-MAT237"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ASCR ALCC ALCF-MAT237"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006132","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015599","name":"Toyota Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015599","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000015","name":"U.S. Department of Energy","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DE-EE0009096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE-EE0009096"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000015","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Phys. Energy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Li\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    Ge(PS\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    )\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (LGPS) is a highly concentrated solid electrolyte, in which Coulombic repulsion between neighboring cations is hypothesized as the underlying reason for concerted ion hopping, a mechanism common among superionic conductors such as Li\n                    <jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>\n                    La\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    Zr\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    (LLZO) and Li\n                    <jats:sub>1.3<\/jats:sub>\n                    Al\n                    <jats:sub>0.3<\/jats:sub>\n                    Ti\n                    <jats:sub>1.7<\/jats:sub>\n                    (PO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    )\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    (LATP). While first principles simulations using molecular dynamics (MD) provide insight into the Li\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    transport mechanism, historically, there has been a gap in the temperature ranges studied in simulations and experiments. Here, we used a neural network potential trained on density functional theory (DFT) simulations, to run up to 40-nanosecond long MD simulations at DFT-like accuracy to characterize the ion conduction mechanisms across a range of temperatures that includes previous simulations and experimental studies. We have confirmed a Li\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    sublattice phase transition in LGPS around 400 K, below which the\n                    <jats:italic>ab<\/jats:italic>\n                    -plane diffusivity\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:tex-math>\n                        \n                      <\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:msubsup>\n                          <mml:mi>D<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mi>b<\/mml:mi>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mo>\u2217<\/mml:mo>\n                        <\/mml:msubsup>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                      <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"jpenergyacbbefieqn1.gif\" xlink:type=\"simple\"\/>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    is drastically reduced. Concomitant with the sublattice phase transition near 400 K, there is less cation-cation (cross) correlation, as characterized by Haven ratios closer to 1, and the vibrations in the system are more harmonic at lower temperature. Intuitively, at high temperature, the collection of vibrational modes may be sufficient to drive concerted ion hops. However, near room temperature, the vibrational modes available may be insufficient to overcome electrostatic repulsion, thus resulting in less correlated ion motion and comparatively slower ion conduction. Such phenomena of a sublattice phase transition, below which concerted hopping plays a less significant role, may be extended to other highly concentrated solid electrolytes such as LLZO and LATP.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/2515-7655\/acbbef","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T17:29:07Z","timestamp":1676395747000},"page":"024004","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Simulations with machine learning potentials identify the ion conduction mechanism mediating non-Arrhenius behavior in LGPS"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4953-3065","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gavin","family":"Winter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9495-8599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"G\u00f3mez-Bombarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3066","article-title":"A lithium superionic conductor","volume":"10","author":"Kamaya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202002153","article-title":"Li10GeP2S12-type superionic conductors: synthesis, structure and ionic transportation","volume":"10","author":"Kato","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms15893","article-title":"Origin of fast ion diffusion in super-ionic conductors","volume":"8","author":"He","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4737397","article-title":"One-dimensional stringlike cooperative migration of lithium ions in an ultrafast ionic conductor","volume":"101","author":"Xu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3851","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TA10964A","article-title":"Defect chemistry of disordered solid-state electrolyte Li10GeP2S12","volume":"8","author":"Gorai","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4995","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.8b01163","article-title":"Native defects in Li10GeP2S12 and their effect on lithium diffusion","volume":"30","author":"Oh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3548","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ee41728j","article-title":"Tetragonal Li10GeP2S12 and Li7GePS8\u2014exploring the Li ion dynamics in LGPS Li electrolytes","volume":"6","author":"Kuhn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5905","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.6b02424","article-title":"Structural insights and 3D diffusion pathways within the lithium superionic conductor Li10GeP2S12","volume":"28","author":"Weber","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1039\/C4TA05231E","article-title":"Synthesis, structure and conduction mechanism of the lithium superionic conductor Li 10+\u03b4 Ge 1+\u03b4 P 2\u2212\u03b4 S12","volume":"3","author":"Kwon","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11620","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cp51985f","article-title":"Single-crystal x-ray structure analysis of the superionic conductor Li10GeP2S12","volume":"15","author":"Kuhn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssi.2021.115567","article-title":"Molecular dynamics simulations of lithium superionic conductor Li10GeP2S12 using a machine learning potential","volume":"361","author":"Miwa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0370-1573(79)90067-X","article-title":"Superionic conductors: transitions, structures, dynamics","volume":"51","author":"Boyce","year":"1979","journal-title":"Phys. Rep."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3352","DOI":"10.1111\/jace.13694","article-title":"Phase diagram of the Li4GeS4-Li3PS4 quasi-binary system containing the superionic conductor Li10GeP2S12","volume":"98","author":"Hori","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Ceram. Soc."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9597","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.1c13477","article-title":"Ionic conductivity of nanocrystalline and amorphous Li10GeP2S12: the detrimental impact of local disorder on ion transport","volume":"144","author":"Schweiger","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3694","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.9b00420","article-title":"Weak anisotropic lithium-ion conductivity in single crystals of Li10GeP2S12","volume":"31","author":"Iwasaki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5503","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.5b01384","article-title":"In-channel and in-plane Li ion diffusions in the superionic conductor Li10GeP2S12 probed by solid-state NMR","volume":"27","author":"Liang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1021\/accountsmr.1c00238","article-title":"Learning matter: materials design with machine learning and atomistic simulations","volume":"3","author":"Axelrod","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acc. Mater. Res."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4997242","article-title":"Study of Li atom diffusion in amorphous Li3PO4 with neural network potential","volume":"147","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0041849","article-title":"Deep potential generation scheme and simulation protocol for the Li10GeP2S12-type superionic conductors","volume":"154","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib20","article-title":"Equivariant message passing for the prediction of tensorial properties and molecular spectra","author":"Sch\u00fctt","year":"2021"},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib21","article-title":"The design space of E(3)-equivariant atom-centered interatomic potentials","author":"Batatia","year":"2022"},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.48.13115","article-title":"Ab initio molecular dynamics for open-shell transition metals","volume":"48","author":"Kresse","year":"1993","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.54.11169","article-title":"Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set","volume":"54","author":"Kresse","year":"1996","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3865","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.77.3865","article-title":"Generalized gradient approximation made simple","volume":"77","author":"Perdew","year":"1996","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2453","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-29939-5","article-title":"E(3)-equivariant graph neural networks for data-efficient and accurate interatomic potentials","volume":"13","author":"Batzner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4812323","article-title":"Commentary: the materials project: a materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation","volume":"1","author":"Jain","year":"2013","journal-title":"APL Mater."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3215722","article-title":"VORO++: a three-dimensional Voronoi cell library in C++","volume":"19","author":"Rycroft","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chaos"},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201902078","article-title":"Crystal structural framework of lithium super-ionic conductors","volume":"9","author":"He","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2020.116490","article-title":"A highly efficient and informative method to identify ion transport networks in fast ion conductors","volume":"203","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Mater."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1107\/S2052520618015718","article-title":"SoftBV\u2014a software tool for screening the materials genome of inorganic fast ion conductors","volume":"75","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr. B"},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.0c03893","article-title":"Bond valence pathway analyzer\u2014an automatic rapid screening tool for fast ion conductors within softBV","volume":"33","author":"Wong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8920","DOI":"10.1039\/D0CC03512B","article-title":"Active learning and neural network potentials accelerate molecular screening of ether-based solvate ionic liquids","volume":"56","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chempr.2020.12.009","article-title":"Active learning accelerates ab initio molecular dynamics on reactive energy surfaces","volume":"7","author":"Ang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem"},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5104","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25342-8","article-title":"Differentiable sampling of molecular geometries with uncertainty-based adversarial attacks","volume":"12","author":"Schwalbe-Koda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-648X\/aa680e","article-title":"The atomic simulation environment\u2014a Python library for working with atoms","volume":"29","author":"Larsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Phys.: Condens. Matter"},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1021\/cm203303y","article-title":"First principles study of the Li10GeP2S12 lithium super ionic conductor material","volume":"24","author":"Mo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpca.8b12309","article-title":"Identifying free energy hot-spots in molecular transformations","volume":"123","author":"Dietschreit","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5079643","article-title":"Calculating free energies from the vibrational density of states function: validation and critical assessment","volume":"150","author":"Peters","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1063\/1.556017","article-title":"Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules. Supplement A","volume":"27","author":"Jacox","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data"},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib40","author":"McQuarrie","year":"2000"},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-68280-8_7","article-title":"Ab initio molecular dynamics studies of fast ion conductors","author":"Zhu","year":"2017"},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27029","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c03290","article-title":"New Li10GeP2S12 structure ordering and Li-ion dynamics unveiled in Li4GeS4-Li3PS4 superionic conductors: a solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance study","volume":"12","author":"Liang","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevMaterials.3.023804","article-title":"Active learning of uniformly accurate interatomic potentials for materials simulation","volume":"3","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Mater."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssi.2016.03.002","article-title":"Finite-size effects on the molecular dynamics simulation of fast-ion conductors: a case study of lithium garnet oxide Li7La3Zr2O12","volume":"289","author":"Klenk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.commatsci.2019.02.044","article-title":"Comparison of interatomic potential models on the molecular dynamics simulation of fast-ion conductors: a case study of a Li garnet oxide Li7La3Zr2O12","volume":"162","author":"Dai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtphys.2021.100463","article-title":"Bridging the gap between simulated and experimental ionic conductivities in lithium superionic conductors","volume":"21","author":"Qi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Today Phys."},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.21505428.v1","article-title":"PaiNN dataset and model for LGPS. figshare","author":"Winter","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dataset"},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.21505605.v1","article-title":"NequIP dataset and model for LGPS. figshare","author":"Winter","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dataset"},{"key":"jpenergyacbbefbib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/HPEC.2018.8547629","article-title":"Interactive supercomputing on 40,000 cores for machine learning and data analysis","author":"Reuther","year":"2018"}],"container-title":["Journal of Physics: Energy"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2515-7655\/acbbef","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2515-7655\/acbbef\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2515-7655\/acbbef","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2515-7655\/acbbef\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2515-7655\/acbbef\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2515-7655\/acbbef\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2515-7655\/acbbef\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2515-7655\/acbbef\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]],"date-time":"2023-03-02T08:35:46Z","timestamp":1677746146000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2515-7655\/acbbef"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/2515-7655\/acbbef","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1088\/2515-7655\/ACBBEF\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1088\/2515-7655\/ACBBEF\/v2\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1088\/2515-7655\/ACBBEF\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1088\/2515-7655\/ACBBEF\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1088\/2515-7655\/ACBBEF\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1088\/2515-7655\/ACBBEF\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1088\/2515-7655\/ACBBEF\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2515-7655"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2515-7655","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Simulations with machine learning potentials identify the ion conduction mechanism mediating non-Arrhenius behavior in LGPS","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Physics: Energy","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2022-11-11","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2023-02-14","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2023-03-02","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}