{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T15:27:59Z","timestamp":1788362879781,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":187,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/page\/copyright"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738627200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prog. Biomed. Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) pose a significant health concern among the elderly population, influenced by age-related physiological changes and the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the biomechanical dimensions of TBIs in this demographic is vital for developing effective preventive strategies and optimizing clinical management. This comprehensive review explores the intricate biomechanics of TBIs in the elderly, integrating medical and aging studies, experimental biomechanics of head tissues, and numerical simulations. Research reveals that global brain atrophy in normal aging occurs at annual rates of \u22120.2% to \u22120.5%. In contrast, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer\u2019s, Parkinson\u2019s, and multiple sclerosis are associated with significantly higher rates of brain atrophy. These variations in atrophy rates underscore the importance of considering differing brain atrophy patterns when evaluating TBIs among the elderly. Experimental studies further demonstrate that age-related changes in the mechanical properties of critical head tissues increase vulnerability to head injuries. Numerical simulations provide insights into the biomechanical response of the aging brain to traumatic events, aiding in injury prediction and preventive strategy development tailored to the elderly. Biomechanical analysis is essential for understanding injury mechanisms and forms the basis for developing effective preventive strategies. By incorporating local atrophy and age-specific impact characteristics into biomechanical models, researchers can create targeted interventions to reduce the risk of head injuries in vulnerable populations. Future research should focus on refining these models and integrating clinical data to better predict outcomes and enhance preventive care. Advancements in this field promise to improve health outcomes and reduce injury risks for the aging population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/2516-1091\/ada654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T22:56:01Z","timestamp":1736204161000},"page":"022001","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Biomechanical perspectives on traumatic brain injury in the elderly: a comprehensive review"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5198-261X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hamed","family":"Abdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0671-4106","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David","family":"Sanchez-Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8659-1985","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Silvia","family":"Garcia-Vilana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6472-1788","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vafa","family":"Rahimi-Movaghar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"prgbada654bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2015.4126","article-title":"Epidemiology of traumatic brain injury in Europe: a living systematic review","volume":"38","author":"Brazinova","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"prgbada654bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2021.01.042","article-title":"Predictors of traumatic brain injury morbidity and mortality: examination of data from the national trauma data bank: predictors of TBI morbidity & mortality","volume":"52","author":"Miller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"prgbada654bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2021.109841","article-title":"Experimental study on the protective performance of bulletproof plate and padding materials under ballistic impact","volume":"207","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"key":"prgbada654bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.10.JNS17352","article-title":"Estimating the global incidence of traumatic brain injury","volume":"130","author":"Dewan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"prgbada654bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-52892-6.00009-X","article-title":"Mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"127","author":"Katz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Handb. Clin. Neurol."},{"key":"prgbada654bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9572(00)00321-X","article-title":"Severe traumatic brain injury","volume":"48","author":"Finfer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"prgbada654bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2011.2034","article-title":"Epidemiology, severity classification, and outcome of moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: a prospective multicenter study","volume":"28","author":"Andriessen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"prgbada654bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-022-06702-4","article-title":"Management of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: an update for the intensivist","volume":"48","author":"Meyfroidt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"prgbada654bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3685","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa316","article-title":"Diffuse axonal injury predicts neurodegeneration after moderate\u2013severe traumatic brain injury","volume":"143","author":"Graham","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"prgbada654bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00309-X","article-title":"Traumatic brain injury: progress and challenges in prevention, clinical care, and research","volume":"21","author":"Maas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"prgbada654bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s13670-012-0017-2","article-title":"Traumatic brain injury in the elderly: is it as bad as we think?","volume":"1","author":"Mak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Transl. Geriatr. Exp. Gerontol. Rep."},{"key":"prgbada654bib12","first-page":"289","author":"Depreitere","year":"2012"},{"key":"prgbada654bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.138.10.1068","article-title":"Physiological features of aging persons","volume":"138","author":"Aalami","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Surg."},{"key":"prgbada654bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-380882-0.00005-X","article-title":"The cognitive consequences of structural changes to the aging brain","author":"Rodrigue","year":"2011"},{"key":"prgbada654bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.52677","article-title":"Brain aging comprises many modes of structural and functional change with distinct genetic and biophysical associations","volume":"9","author":"Smith","year":"2020","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"prgbada654bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2020.01.006","article-title":"Converging patterns of aging-associated brain volume loss and tissue microstructure differences","volume":"88","author":"Taubert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"prgbada654bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2021.117889","article-title":"Aging brain mechanics: progress and promise of magnetic resonance elastography","volume":"232","author":"Hiscox","year":"2021","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"prgbada654bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27757","article-title":"Magnetic resonance elastography of brain: comparison between anisotropic and isotropic stiffness and its correlation to age","volume":"82","author":"Kalra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"prgbada654bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2021.111575","article-title":"Brain aging mechanisms with mechanical manifestations","volume":"200","author":"Blinkouskaya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mech. Ageing Dev."},{"key":"prgbada654bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr277","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease pattern of brain atrophy predicts cognitive decline in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"135","author":"Weintraub","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"prgbada654bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10S","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2007.00130.x","article-title":"Measuring brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis","volume":"17","author":"De Stefano","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neuroimaging"},{"key":"prgbada654bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000311446.61861.e3","article-title":"Whole-brain atrophy rate in Alzheimer disease: identifying fast progressors","volume":"70","author":"Sluimer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"prgbada654bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2016.01.002","article-title":"Brain atrophy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and aging","volume":"30","author":"Pini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"prgbada654bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.03.004","article-title":"Age-related changes in grey and white matter structure throughout adulthood","volume":"51","author":"Giorgio","year":"2010","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"prgbada654bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15223","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3252-09.2009","article-title":"One-year brain atrophy evident in healthy aging","volume":"29","author":"Fjell","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"prgbada654bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"fcab269","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcab269","article-title":"Brain atrophy progression in Parkinson\u2019s disease is shaped by connectivity and local vulnerability","volume":"3","author":"Tremblay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Commun."},{"key":"prgbada654bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnmrs.2018.11.001","article-title":"MR approaches in neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"108","author":"Blamire","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. Nucl. Magn. Reson. Spectrosc."},{"key":"prgbada654bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.10.1756","article-title":"Rates of global and regional cerebral atrophy in AD and frontotemporal dementia","volume":"57","author":"Chan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"prgbada654bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.04.259","article-title":"Accuracy assessment of global and local atrophy measurement techniques with realistic simulated longitudinal Alzheimer\u2019s disease images","volume":"42","author":"Camara","year":"2008","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"prgbada654bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2009.10.005","article-title":"Motor control and aging: links to age-related brain structural, functional, and biochemical effects","volume":"34","author":"Seidler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"prgbada654bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2018.07.045","article-title":"Association between brain atrophy and cognitive motor interference in multiple sclerosis","volume":"25","author":"Coghe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disorders"},{"key":"prgbada654bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2018.01.009","article-title":"Heterogeneous patterns of brain atrophy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"65","author":"Poulakis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"prgbada654bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2015.06.027","article-title":"Nonlinear cerebral atrophy patterns across the Alzheimer\u2019s disease continuum: impact of APOE4 genotype","volume":"36","author":"Gispert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"prgbada654bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S99","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/22893432","article-title":"Neuroradiological characterization of normal adult ageing","volume":"80","author":"Sullivan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Radiol."},{"key":"prgbada654bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000154530.72969.11","article-title":"Normative estimates of cross-sectional and longitudinal brain volume decline in aging and AD","volume":"64","author":"Fotenos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"prgbada654bib36","first-page":"196","article-title":"Comparisons between global and focal brain atrophy rates in normal aging and Alzheimer disease: boundary shift integral versus tracing of the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus","volume":"18","author":"Ezekiel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Disorders"},{"key":"prgbada654bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.60.7.989","article-title":"A longitudinal study of brain volume changes in normal aging using serial registered magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"60","author":"Scahill","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"prgbada654bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2008.01.010","article-title":"A meta-analysis of hippocampal atrophy rates in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"30","author":"Barnes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"prgbada654bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000106462.72282.90","article-title":"Higher atrophy rate of entorhinal cortex than hippocampus in AD","volume":"62","author":"Du","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"prgbada654bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2005.03.021","article-title":"Age effects on atrophy rates of entorhinal cortex and hippocampus","volume":"27","author":"Du","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"prgbada654bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.4.993","article-title":"Rate of medial temporal lobe atrophy in typical aging and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"51","author":"Jack","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"prgbada654bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000044400.11317.EC","article-title":"Atrophy rates of entorhinal cortex in AD and normal aging","volume":"60","author":"Du","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"prgbada654bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000280577.43413.d9","article-title":"Trajectories of brain loss in aging and the development of cognitive impairment","volume":"70","author":"Carlson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"prgbada654bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181a82634","article-title":"Longitudinal pattern of regional brain volume change differentiates normal aging from MCI","volume":"72","author":"Driscoll","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"prgbada654bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp062","article-title":"Serial PIB and MRI in normal, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: implications for sequence of pathological events in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"132","author":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"prgbada654bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2010.07.012","article-title":"Nonlinear time course of brain volume loss in cognitively normal and impaired elders","volume":"33","author":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"prgbada654bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e616","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000616","article-title":"Contribution of normal aging to brain atrophy in MS","volume":"6","author":"Azevedo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"prgbada654bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.08.022","article-title":"A longitudinal study of brain atrophy over two years in community-dwelling older individuals","volume":"86","author":"Jiang","year":"2014","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"prgbada654bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0170018","article-title":"Brain parenchymal fraction in healthy adults\u2014a systematic review of the literature","volume":"12","author":"V\u00e5gberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"prgbada654bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0244-7","article-title":"Ageing as a risk factor for neurodegenerative disease","volume":"15","author":"Hou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"prgbada654bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2017.07.048","article-title":"Metals and neurodegenerative diseases. A systematic review","volume":"159","author":"Cicero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"prgbada654bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1080\/1028415X.2019.1681088","article-title":"Effect of nutrition on neurodegenerative diseases. A systematic review","volume":"24","author":"Bianchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr. Neurosci."},{"key":"prgbada654bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm021","article-title":"Rates of cerebral atrophy differ in different degenerative pathologies","volume":"130","author":"Whitwell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"prgbada654bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28747","article-title":"Magnetic resonance elastography in the study of neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"59","author":"Feng","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"prgbada654bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.10.008","article-title":"MR elastography of the brain and its application in neurological diseases","volume":"187","author":"Murphy","year":"2019","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"prgbada654bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.5114\/fn.2020.96707","article-title":"What causes neurodegenerative disease?","volume":"58","author":"Armstrong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Folia Neuropathol."},{"key":"prgbada654bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70291-0","article-title":"Tracking pathophysiological processes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: an updated hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers","volume":"12","author":"Jack","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"prgbada654bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.003","article-title":"Epidemiology of dementias and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"43","author":"Sosa-Ortiz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Res."},{"key":"prgbada654bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2018.10.009","article-title":"The Alzheimer\u2019s disease clinical spectrum: diagnosis and management","volume":"103","author":"Atri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med. Clin."},{"key":"prgbada654bib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-010-9175-1","article-title":"Progression of atrophy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and related disorders","volume":"18","author":"Whitwell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurotox. Res."},{"key":"prgbada654bib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000110315.26026.EF","article-title":"Comparison of different MRI brain atrophy rate measures with clinical disease progression in AD","volume":"62","author":"Jack","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"prgbada654bib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000167542.89697.0f","article-title":"Measuring atrophy in Alzheimer disease: a serial MRI study over 6 and 12 months","volume":"65","author":"Schott","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"prgbada654bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.02.052","article-title":"Cerebral atrophy measurements using Jacobian integration: comparison with the boundary shift integral","volume":"32","author":"Boyes","year":"2006","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"prgbada654bib64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2001","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/119.6.2001","article-title":"Presymptomatic hippocampal atrophy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a longitudinal MRI study","volume":"119","author":"Fox","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"prgbada654bib65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.57.3.339","article-title":"Using serial registered brain magnetic resonance imaging to measure disease progression in Alzheimer disease: power calculations and estimates of sample size to detect treatment effects","volume":"57","author":"Fox","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"prgbada654bib66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0730-725X(02)00472-1","article-title":"MR image-based measurement of rates of change in volumes of brain structures. Part II: application to a study of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and normal aging","volume":"20","author":"Wang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"prgbada654bib67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh088","article-title":"Cerebral atrophy in Parkinson\u2019s disease with and without dementia: a comparison with Alzheimer\u2019s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and controls","volume":"127","author":"Burton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"prgbada654bib68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70471-9","article-title":"Epidemiology of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"5","author":"de Lau","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"prgbada654bib69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1986","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000012826","article-title":"Trends in mortality from Parkinson disease in the United States, 1999\u20132019","volume":"97","author":"Rong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"prgbada654bib70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2010.12.010","article-title":"Patterns of brain atrophy in Parkinson\u2019s disease, progressive supranuclear palsy and multiple system atrophy","volume":"17","author":"Messina","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disorders"},{"key":"prgbada654bib71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2020.102374","article-title":"Progressive brain atrophy and clinical evolution in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"28","author":"Filippi","year":"2020","journal-title":"NeuroImage Clin."},{"key":"prgbada654bib72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20652","article-title":"Brain atrophy rates in Parkinson\u2019s disease with and without dementia using serial magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"20","author":"Burton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mov. Disorders"},{"key":"prgbada654bib73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2017.03.012","article-title":"Longitudinal whole-brain atrophy and ventricular enlargement in nondemented Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"55","author":"Mak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"prgbada654bib74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-019-0178-4","article-title":"Detecting neurodegenerative pathology in multiple sclerosis before irreversible brain tissue loss sets in","volume":"8","author":"Van Schependom","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl. Neurodegener."},{"key":"prgbada654bib75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13317-019-0117-5","article-title":"Brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis: mechanisms, clinical relevance and treatment options","volume":"10","author":"Andravizou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Highlights"},{"key":"prgbada654bib76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2022.111339","article-title":"An investigation of the effect of brain atrophy on brain injury in multiple sclerosis","volume":"557","author":"Abdi","year":"2023a","journal-title":"J. Theor. Biol."},{"key":"prgbada654bib77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458520970841","article-title":"Rising prevalence of multiple sclerosis worldwide: insights from the Atlas of MS","volume":"26","author":"Walton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. J."},{"key":"prgbada654bib78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-020-00326-3","article-title":"Sex differences in brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis","volume":"11","author":"Voskuhl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol. Sex Differ."},{"key":"prgbada654bib79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00184-3","article-title":"Ageing and multiple sclerosis","volume":"22","author":"Graves","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"prgbada654bib80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.20550","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging measures of brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis","volume":"23","author":"Anderson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"prgbada654bib81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70349-0","article-title":"The measurement and clinical relevance of brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis","volume":"5","author":"Bermel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"prgbada654bib82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.42.3.527","article-title":"Quantitative cerebral anatomy of the aging human brain: a cross\u2010sectional study using magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"42","author":"Coffey","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"prgbada654bib83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1994.00540210046012","article-title":"A quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study of changes in brain morphology from infancy to late adulthood","volume":"51","author":"Pfefferbaum","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"prgbada654bib84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2005.03.016","article-title":"Reduction of brain volume in MS. MRI and pathology findings","volume":"233","author":"\u00e0 Nijeholt","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"prgbada654bib85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2016.07.003","article-title":"Brain health: time matters in multiple sclerosis","volume":"9","author":"Giovannoni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disorders"},{"key":"prgbada654bib86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285615600381","article-title":"The effect of disease-modifying therapies on brain atrophy in patients with clinically isolated syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"HELANI (Hellenic Academy of Neuroimmunology)","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disorders"},{"key":"prgbada654bib87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000149516.30155.B8","article-title":"Rate of brain atrophy in relapsing MS decreases during treatment with IFN\u03b2-1a","volume":"64","author":"Hardmeier","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"prgbada654bib88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.59.10.1572","article-title":"Longitudinal brain volume measurement in multiple sclerosis: rate of brain atrophy is independent of the disease subtype","volume":"59","author":"Kalkers","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"prgbada654bib89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-017-0412-5","article-title":"Outcome measures in clinical trials for multiple sclerosis","volume":"31","author":"van Munster","year":"2017","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"prgbada654bib90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2016.09.041","article-title":"Influence of bone microstructure on the mechanical properties of skull cortical bone\u2013a combined experimental and computational approach","volume":"65","author":"Boruah","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater."},{"key":"prgbada654bib91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2003.12.014","article-title":"Biomechanics of temporo-parietal skull fracture","volume":"19","author":"Yoganandan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"key":"prgbada654bib92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2023.106012","article-title":"The effect of morphometric and geometric indices of the human calvarium on mechanical response","volume":"107","author":"Adanty","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"key":"prgbada654bib93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2009.05.030","article-title":"The mechanical properties of cranial bone: the effect of loading rate and cranial sampling position","volume":"42","author":"Motherway","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"prgbada654bib94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mechrescom.2014.04.001","article-title":"Characterization and micromechanical modeling of the human cranial bone elastic properties","volume":"60","author":"Rahmoun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mech. Res. Commun."},{"key":"prgbada654bib95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2057-1976\/abf787","article-title":"Influence of anthopometric variables on the mechanical properties of human rib cortical bone","volume":"7","author":"Vel\u00e1zquez-Ameijide","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express"},{"key":"prgbada654bib96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14416","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1107966108","article-title":"Age-related changes in the plasticity and toughness of human cortical bone at multiple length scales","volume":"108","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci."},{"key":"prgbada654bib97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(70)90059-x","article-title":"Mechanical properties of cranial bone","volume":"3","author":"McElhaney","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"prgbada654bib98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1080\/13588260701433081","article-title":"Experimental study of the bone behaviour of the human skull bone for the development of a physical head model","volume":"12","author":"Delille","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Crashworthiness"},{"key":"prgbada654bib99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/6515797","article-title":"An investigation on the correlation between the mechanical properties of human skull bone, its geometry, microarchitectural properties, and water content","volume":"2019","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Healthc. Eng."},{"key":"prgbada654bib100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2013.10.060","article-title":"Geometrical and material parameters to assess the macroscopic mechanical behaviour of fresh cranial bone samples","volume":"47","author":"Auperrin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"prgbada654bib101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4056459","article-title":"The mechanical characterization and comparison of male and female Calvaria under four-point bending impacts","volume":"145","author":"Adanty","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Biomech. Eng."},{"key":"prgbada654bib102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2015.04.029","article-title":"Differences in biomechanical properties and thickness among frontal and parietal bones in a Japanese sample","volume":"252","author":"Torimitsu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"key":"prgbada654bib103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-90322-3","article-title":"The dynamic impact behavior of the human neurocranium","volume":"11","author":"Zwirner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"prgbada654bib104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3721","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80548-y","article-title":"Topographical mapping of the mechanical characteristics of the human neurocranium considering the role of individual layers","volume":"11","author":"Zwirner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"prgbada654bib105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.4271\/2003-22-0005","article-title":"On the importance of nonlinearity of brain tissue under large deformations (No. 2003-22-0005)","volume":"47","author":"Takhounts","year":"2003","journal-title":"SAE Tech. Pap."},{"key":"prgbada654bib106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2016.10.036","article-title":"Mechanical characterization of human brain tissue","volume":"48","author":"Budday","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"prgbada654bib107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2011.09.013","article-title":"Towards child versus adult brain mechanical properties","volume":"6","author":"Chatelin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater."},{"key":"prgbada654bib108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2799","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhaa388","article-title":"Effect of aging on the viscoelastic properties of hippocampal subfields assessed with high-resolution MR elastography","volume":"31","author":"Delgorio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"prgbada654bib109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2798289","article-title":"Shear properties of human brain tissue","volume":"119","author":"Donnelly","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biomech. Eng."},{"key":"prgbada654bib110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmps.2006.05.004","article-title":"Brain tissue deforms similarly to filled elastomers and follows consolidation theory","volume":"54","author":"Franceschini","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Mech. Phys. Solids"},{"key":"prgbada654bib111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2018.01.010","article-title":"High-resolution magnetic resonance elastography reveals differences in subcortical gray matter viscoelasticity between young and healthy older adults","volume":"65","author":"Hiscox","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"prgbada654bib112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2013.09.001","article-title":"A comprehensive experimental study on material properties of human brain tissue","volume":"46","author":"Jin","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"prgbada654bib113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6614","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-07054-7","article-title":"MR elastography frequency\u2013dependent and independent parameters demonstrate accelerated decrease of brain stiffness in elder subjects","volume":"30","author":"Lv","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"prgbada654bib114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brain.2022.100059","article-title":"Material properties of human brain tissue suitable for modelling traumatic brain injury","volume":"3","author":"MacManus","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Multiphys."},{"key":"prgbada654bib115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1115\/1.1449907","article-title":"Regional, directional, and age-dependent properties of the brain undergoing large deformation","volume":"124","author":"Prange","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biomech. Eng."},{"key":"prgbada654bib116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.02.040","article-title":"The impact of aging and gender on brain viscoelasticity","volume":"46","author":"Sack","year":"2009","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"prgbada654bib117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023451","article-title":"The influence of physiological aging and atrophy on brain viscoelastic properties in humans","volume":"6","author":"Sack","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"prgbada654bib118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10090831","article-title":"Mechanical behavior of blood vessels: elastic and viscoelastic contributions","volume":"10","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Molina","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biology"},{"key":"prgbada654bib119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182413296","article-title":"Injury metrics for assessing the risk of acute subdural hematoma in traumatic events","volume":"18","author":"Garc\u00eda-Vilana","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"prgbada654bib120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering8100145","article-title":"Viscoelastic characterization of parasagittal bridging veins and implications for traumatic brain injury: a pilot study","volume":"8","author":"Garc\u00eda-Vilana","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioengineering"},{"key":"prgbada654bib121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2022.105792","article-title":"Age effects on the mechanical behavior of human cerebral bridging veins","volume":"100","author":"Garc\u00eda-Vilana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"key":"prgbada654bib122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-04996-6","article-title":"Brain tissue mechanical properties","author":"Bilston","year":"2011"},{"key":"prgbada654bib123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/s0021-9290(98)00122-5","article-title":"Age-dependent material properties of the porcine cerebrum: effect on pediatric inertial head injury criteria","volume":"31","author":"Thibault","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"prgbada654bib124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1089\/089771503770802853","article-title":"Age- dependent changes in material properties of the brain and braincase of the rat","volume":"20","author":"Gefen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"prgbada654bib125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7281","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/52\/24\/006","article-title":"Noninvasive assessment of the rheological behavior of human organs using multi- frequency MR elastography: a study of brain and liver viscoelasticity","volume":"52","author":"Klatt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"prgbada654bib126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1080\/10255842.2022.2092728","article-title":"An investigation of cerebral bridging veins rupture due to head trauma","volume":"26","author":"Abdi","year":"2023b","journal-title":"Comput. Methods Biomech. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"prgbada654bib127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2013.12.007","article-title":"The biomechanical behaviour of the bridging vein\u2013superior sagittal sinus complex with implications for the mechanopathology of acute subdural haematoma","volume":"32","author":"Monea","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater."},{"key":"prgbada654bib128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2006.104.6.950","article-title":"Mechanics of acute subdural hematomas resulting from bridging vein rupture","volume":"104","author":"Depreitere","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"prgbada654bib129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.3233\/RNN-130354","article-title":"Chronic neurodegenerative consequences of traumatic brain injury","volume":"32","author":"Chauhan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Restor. Neurol. Neurosci."},{"key":"prgbada654bib130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2017.1291991","article-title":"The consequence of spatial visual processing dysfunction caused by traumatic brain injury (TBI)","volume":"31","author":"Padula","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"key":"prgbada654bib131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000848","article-title":"Disability and health consequences of traumatic brain injury: national prevalence","volume":"97","author":"Jourdan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"prgbada654bib132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.22557","article-title":"Fatal traumatic brain injuries in the construction industry, 2003\u20132010","volume":"59","author":"Konda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Ind. Med."},{"key":"prgbada654bib133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3171\/2023.4.JNS222866","article-title":"A new classification of parasagittal bridging veins based on their configurations and drainage routes pertinent to interhemispheric approaches: a surgical anatomical study","volume":"1","author":"Karatas","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"prgbada654bib134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2018.02.011","article-title":"Cerebral blood vessel damage in traumatic brain injury","volume":"64","author":"Monson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"key":"prgbada654bib135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1177\/0954411915592906","article-title":"Head injury predictors in sports trauma\u2013A state-of-the-art review","volume":"229","author":"Fernandes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. H"},{"key":"prgbada654bib136","article-title":"Neuroanatomy, brain veins","author":"Hufnagle","year":"2023"},{"key":"prgbada654bib137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.10.JNS13272","article-title":"Acute subdural hematoma from bridging vein rupture: a potential mechanism for growth","volume":"120","author":"Miller","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"prgbada654bib138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2014.06.009","article-title":"Structural and mechanical characterisation of bridging veins: a review","volume":"41","author":"Famaey","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater."},{"key":"prgbada654bib139","first-page":"255","article-title":"Age related outcome in acute subdural haematoma following traumatic head injury","volume":"102","author":"Hanif","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ir. Med. J."},{"key":"prgbada654bib140","article-title":"Subdural hematoma and aging: crash characteristics and associated injuries","author":"Mallory","year":"2011"},{"key":"prgbada654bib141","article-title":"A parametric study of age-related factors affecting intracranial responses under impact loading using a human head\/brain FE model","author":"Yanaoka","year":"2013"},{"key":"prgbada654bib142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4271\/2006-22-0024","article-title":"Biomechanical properties of the superior sagittal sinus-bridging vein complex (No. 2006-22-0024)","volume":"50","author":"Delye","year":"2006","journal-title":"SAE Tech. Pap."},{"key":"prgbada654bib143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medleg.2020.04.003","article-title":"Descriptive data on intracranial hemorrhage related to fatal non-accidental head injury in a pediatric population","volume":"11","author":"Delteil","year":"2020","journal-title":"La Rev. de M\u00e9d. L\u00b4egale"},{"key":"prgbada654bib144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-020-02564-z","article-title":"Abusive head trauma: experience improves diagnosis","volume":"63","author":"Porto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"prgbada654bib145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57020125","article-title":"Traumatic epidural and subdural hematoma: epidemiology, outcome, and dating","volume":"57","author":"Aromatario","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"key":"prgbada654bib146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2018.02.019","article-title":"A reanalysis of football impact reconstructions for head kinematics and finite element modeling","volume":"64","author":"Sanchez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"key":"prgbada654bib147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4046866","article-title":"A multibody model for predicting spatial distribution of human brain deformation following impact loading","volume":"142","author":"Gabrieli","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biomech. Eng."},{"key":"prgbada654bib148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1007\/s43452-023-00758-9","article-title":"Experimental and computational approach to human brain modelling\u2013aHEAD","volume":"23","author":"Ptak","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch. Civ. Mech. Eng."},{"key":"prgbada654bib149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12938-021-00847-x","article-title":"The importance of modeling the human cerebral vasculature in blunt trauma","volume":"20","author":"Subramaniam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. Eng. Online"},{"key":"prgbada654bib150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2020.109732","article-title":"Incorporation of vasculature in a head injury model lowers local mechanical strains in dynamic impact","volume":"104","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"prgbada654bib151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2023.111125","article-title":"Quantifying the effect of cerebral atrophy on head injury risk in elderly individuals: insights from computational biomechanics and experimental analysis of bridging veins","volume":"54","author":"Abdi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"prgbada654bib152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2023.107430","article-title":"Development, validation and a case study: the female finite element head model (FeFEHM)","volume":"231","author":"Carmo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput. Methods Programs Biomed."},{"key":"prgbada654bib153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-008-0242-6","article-title":"Influence of the benign enlargement of the subarachnoid space on the bridging veins strain during a shaking event: a finite element study","volume":"122","author":"Raul","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Leg. Med."},{"key":"prgbada654bib154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-1943-0_23","article-title":"Biophysical bases of elasticity imaging","volume":"21","author":"Sarvazyan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Acoust. Imaging"},{"key":"prgbada654bib155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/s1361-8415(00)00039-6","article-title":"Magnetic resonance elastography: non-invasive mapping of tissue elasticity","volume":"5","author":"Manduca","year":"2001","journal-title":"Med. Image Anal."},{"key":"prgbada654bib156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2377","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.28627","article-title":"MR elastography: principles, guidelines, and terminology","volume":"85","author":"Manduca","year":"2021","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"prgbada654bib157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2016.03.005","article-title":"Observation of direction-dependent mechanical properties in the human brain with multi-excitation MR elastography","volume":"59","author":"Anderson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater."},{"key":"prgbada654bib158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7957","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0592-22.2022","article-title":"Structure\u2013function dissociations of human hippocampal subfield stiffness and memory performance","volume":"42","author":"Delgorio","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"prgbada654bib159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2020.104229","article-title":"Viscoelasticity of children and adolescent brains through MR elastography","volume":"115","author":"Ozkaya","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater."},{"key":"prgbada654bib160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.01.016","article-title":"Mechanical properties of porcine brain tissue in vivo and ex vivo estimated by MR elastography","volume":"69","author":"Guertler","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"prgbada654bib161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2018.02.005","article-title":"Material properties of the brain in injury-relevant conditions\u2013experiments and computational modeling","volume":"80","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater."},{"key":"prgbada654bib162","author":"Duque-Daza","year":"2023"},{"key":"prgbada654bib163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4207","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25891","article-title":"Magnetic resonance elastography of the ageing brain in normal and demented populations: a systematic review","volume":"43","author":"Coelho","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"prgbada654bib164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7410185","article-title":"Advances in finite element method 2016","volume":"2016","author":"Cen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Math. Probl. Eng."},{"key":"prgbada654bib165","author":"Sj\u00e4lander","year":"2015"},{"key":"prgbada654bib166","first-page":"365","article-title":"Recent advancements in CT and MR imaging of prostate cancer","volume":"vol 52","author":"Daryanani","year":"2022"},{"key":"prgbada654bib167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.4271\/2001-22-0017","article-title":"Recent advances in brain injury research: a new human head model development and validation","volume":"45","author":"Zhang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Stapp Car Crash J."},{"key":"prgbada654bib168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.4271\/2007-22-0003","article-title":"Predictors for traumatic brain injuries evaluated through accident reconstructions","volume":"51","author":"Kleiven","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stapp Car Crash J."},{"key":"prgbada654bib169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1533\/ijcr.2003.0243","article-title":"The creation of three-dimensional finite element models for simulating head impact biomechanics","volume":"8","author":"Horgan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Crashworthiness"},{"key":"prgbada654bib170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/408278","article-title":"Development of a finite element head model for the study of impact head injury","volume":"2014","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"prgbada654bib171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-020-02496-y","article-title":"Displacement- and strain-based discrimination of head injury models across a wide range of blunt conditions","volume":"48","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"prgbada654bib172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1108\/EC-09-2016-0321","article-title":"Development and validation of a new finite element human head model: yet another head model (YEAHM)","volume":"35","author":"Fernandes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eng. Comput."},{"key":"prgbada654bib173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.6143","article-title":"Biomechanics of acute subdural hematoma in the elderly: a fluid-structure interaction study","volume":"36","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"prgbada654bib174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13020235","article-title":"Subdural lesions linking additional intracranial spaces and chronic subdural hematomas: a narrative review with mutual correlation and possible mechanisms behind high recurrence","volume":"13","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"prgbada654bib175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyab358","article-title":"Coagulopathy and progression of intracranial hemorrhage in traumatic brain injury: mechanisms, impact, and therapeutic considerations","volume":"89","author":"Maegele","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"prgbada654bib176","article-title":"Do age and anticoagulants affect the natural history of acute subdural hematomas?","volume":"vol 1","author":"Lucke-Wold","year":"2016"},{"key":"prgbada654bib177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000001650","article-title":"The role of coagulopathy and subdural hematoma thickness at admission in predicting the prognoses of patients with severe traumatic brain injury: a multicenter retrospective cohort study from China","volume":"110","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"key":"prgbada654bib178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1988.68.6.0894","article-title":"Acute subdural hematoma and diffuse axonal injury after severe head trauma","volume":"68","author":"Sahuquillo-Barris","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"prgbada654bib179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2004.01.003","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of pediatric closed head injury","volume":"13","author":"Khoshyomn","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin. Pediatr. Surg."},{"key":"prgbada654bib180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-015-2512-7","article-title":"Epidemiology of traumatic brain injury in Europe","volume":"157","author":"Peeters","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir."},{"key":"prgbada654bib181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2015.10.045","article-title":"Surgery for acute subdural hematoma: replace or remove the bone flap?","volume":"88","author":"Tsermoulas","year":"2016","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"prgbada654bib182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.140","article-title":"Updates in chronic subdural hematoma: epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, treatment, and outcome","volume":"141","author":"Feghali","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"prgbada654bib183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e31123","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of traumatic brain injury risk in diverse age groups of females: insights from computational biomechanics","volume":"10","author":"Abdi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"prgbada654bib184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4271\/770922","article-title":"Intracranial pressure dynamics during head impact (No. 770922)","author":"Nahum","year":"1977","journal-title":"SAE Tech. Pap."},{"key":"prgbada654bib185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10255840802020420","article-title":"Global\/local head models to analyse cerebral blood vessel rupture leading to ASDH and SAH","volume":"12","author":"Zoghi-Moghadam","year":"2009","journal-title":"Comput. Methods Biomech. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"prgbada654bib186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e29427","article-title":"Revealing the role of material properties in impact-related injuries: investigating the influence of brain and skull density variations on head injury severity","volume":"10","author":"Abdi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"prgbada654bib187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000915","article-title":"Traumatic brain injury in the general population: incidence, mental health comorbidity, and functional impact","volume":"207","author":"Hale","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Nerv. Ment. Dis."}],"container-title":["Progress in Biomedical Engineering"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2516-1091\/ada654","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2516-1091\/ada654\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2516-1091\/ada654","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2516-1091\/ada654\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2516-1091\/ada654\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2516-1091\/ada654\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2516-1091\/ada654\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2516-1091\/ada654\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T12:30:32Z","timestamp":1738672232000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2516-1091\/ada654"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"references-count":187,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/2516-1091\/ada654","relation":{},"ISSN":["2516-1091"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2516-1091","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Biomechanical perspectives on traumatic brain injury in the elderly: a comprehensive review","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Progress in Biomedical Engineering","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2024-05-07","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2025-01-06","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2025-02-04","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}