{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T01:36:30Z","timestamp":1767836190818,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712880000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007109","name":"University of Ferrara","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007109","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009531","name":"IIT - Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009531","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["10109859"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10109859"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009104","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["FAR 2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FAR 2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009104","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuromorph. Comput. Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>A novel organic neuromorphic device performing pattern classification is presented and demonstrated. It features an artificial soma capable of dendritic integration from three pre-synaptic neurons. The time-response of the interface between electrolytic solutions and organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors is proposed as the sole computational feature for pattern recognition, and it is easily tuned in the organic dendritic integrator by simply controlling electrolyte ionic strength. The classifier is benchmarked in speech-recognition experiments, with a sample of 14 words, encoded either from audio tracks or from kinematic data, showing excellent discrimination performances in a planar, miniaturizable, fully passive device, designed to be promptly integrated in more complex architectures where on-board pattern classification is required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/2634-4386\/ad3a96","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T22:26:06Z","timestamp":1712269566000},"page":"024001","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["An organic artificial soma for spatio-temporal pattern recognition via dendritic integration"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7072-9468","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michele","family":"Di Lauro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Rondelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anna","family":"De Salvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Corsini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4979-4302","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matteo","family":"Genitoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pierpaolo","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Murgia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Luciano","family":"Fadiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Biscarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ncead3a96bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03010","article-title":"Synaptic computation","volume":"431","author":"Regehr","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ncead3a96bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4157","article-title":"Dendritic integration: 60 years of progress","volume":"18","author":"Stuart","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.40.5.735","article-title":"Steps in the production of motoneuron spikes","volume":"40","author":"Fuortes","year":"1957","journal-title":"J. Gen. Physiol."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00922.2006","article-title":"Properties of action-potential initiation in neocortical pyramidal cells: evidence from whole cell axon recordings","volume":"97","author":"Shu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/367069a0","article-title":"Active propagation of somatic action potentials into neocortical pyramidal cell dendrites","volume":"367","author":"Stuart","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ncead3a96bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2799","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.80.9.2799","article-title":"Nonlinear interactions in a dendritic tree: localization, timing, and role in information processing","volume":"80","author":"Koch","year":"1983","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2634-4386\/ac4a83","article-title":"Roadmap on neuromorphic computing and engineering","volume":"2","author":"Christensen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuromorph. Comput. Eng."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib8","article-title":"World first supercomputer capable of brain-scale simulation being built at Western Sydney University","author":"Center","year":"2023"},{"key":"ncead3a96bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-023-00622-5","article-title":"Organic mixed conductors for bioinspired electronics","volume":"9","author":"Gkoupidenis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mater."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7176","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201503674","article-title":"Neuromorphic functions in PEDOT:PSS organic electrochemical transistors","volume":"27","author":"Gkoupidenis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-018-0103-3","article-title":"Organic electronics for neuromorphic computing","volume":"1","author":"Van De Burgt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Electron."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28483-6","article-title":"Organic electrochemical neurons and synapses with ion mediated spiking","volume":"13","author":"Harikesh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.7b00542","article-title":"Specific dopamine sensing based on short-term plasticity behavior of a whole organic artificial synapse","volume":"2","author":"Giordani","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Sens."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202002141","article-title":"Neuromorphic organic devices that specifically discriminate dopamine from its metabolites by nonspecific interactions","volume":"30","author":"Giordani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-020-0703-y","article-title":"A biohybrid synapse with neurotransmitter-mediated plasticity","volume":"19","author":"Keene","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orgel.2016.07.028","article-title":"Electrolyte-gated organic synapse transistor interfaced with neurons","volume":"38","author":"Desbief","year":"2016","journal-title":"Org. Electron. Phys. Mater. Appl."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orgel.2018.03.020","article-title":"Cation discrimination in organic electrochemical transistors by dual frequency sensing","volume":"57","author":"Pecqueur","year":"2018","journal-title":"Org. Electron. Phys. Mater. Appl."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaelm.0c00313","article-title":"Tunable short-term plasticity response in three-terminal organic neuromorphic devices","volume":"2","author":"Di Lauro","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Electron. Mater."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2634-4386\/acb37f","article-title":"Pre-synaptic DC bias controls the plasticity and dynamics of three-terminal neuromorphic electrolyte-gated organic transistors","volume":"3","author":"Rondelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuromorph. Comput. Eng."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orgel.2015.06.015","article-title":"Hardware elementary perceptron based on polyaniline memristive devices","volume":"25","author":"Demin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Org. Electron."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201801339","article-title":"An evolvable organic electrochemical transistor for neuromorphic applications","volume":"6","author":"Gerasimov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5122249","article-title":"Electrolyte-gated transistors for synaptic electronics, neuromorphic computing, and adaptable biointerfacing","volume":"7","author":"Ling","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Rev."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202207023","article-title":"A biologically interfaced evolvable organic pattern classifier","volume":"10","author":"Gerasimov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pssa.202200700","article-title":"Polyaniline-based memristive devices as key elements of robust reservoir computing for image classification","volume":"220","author":"Prudnikov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phys. Status Solidi"},{"key":"ncead3a96bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11252","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TC00992J","article-title":"Scaling of capacitance of PEDOT:PSS: volume vs. area","volume":"8","author":"Bianchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. C"},{"key":"ncead3a96bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aelm.202100755","article-title":"Implantable organic artificial synapses exhibiting crossover between depressive and facilitative plasticity response","volume":"7","author":"Calandra Sebastianella","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Electron. Mater."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/aelm.201800166","article-title":"Neuromorphic time-dependent pattern classification with organic electrochemical transistor arrays","volume":"4","author":"Pecqueur","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Electron. Mater."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admi.202300583","article-title":"Organic electronics circuitry for in situ real-time processing of electrophysiological signals","volume":"10","author":"De Salvo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ncead3a96bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2014.11.005","article-title":"A new Italian dataset of parallel acoustic and articulatory data A new Italian dataset of parallel acoustic and articulatory data","volume":"39","author":"Canevari","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Imaging"},{"key":"ncead3a96bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1109\/TASSP.1980.1163420","article-title":"Comparison of parametric representations for monosyllabic word recognition in continuously spoken sentences","volume":"28","author":"Davis","year":"1980","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Acoust."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1155\/S1110865704310024","article-title":"A tutorial on text-independent speaker verification","volume":"2004","author":"Bimbot","year":"2004","journal-title":"EURASIP J. Appl. Signal Process."},{"key":"ncead3a96bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2022.119724","article-title":"Speech listening entails neural encoding of invisible articulatory features","volume":"264","author":"Pastore","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ncead3a96bib33","first-page":"1998","article-title":"Auditory toolbox: a matlab toolbox for auditory modeling work","volume":"10","author":"Slaney","year":"1998","journal-title":"Interval Res. Corp. Tech. Rep."}],"container-title":["Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2634-4386\/ad3a96","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2634-4386\/ad3a96\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2634-4386\/ad3a96","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2634-4386\/ad3a96\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2634-4386\/ad3a96\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2634-4386\/ad3a96\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2634-4386\/ad3a96\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2634-4386\/ad3a96\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T10:39:27Z","timestamp":1712918367000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/2634-4386\/ad3a96"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/2634-4386\/ad3a96","relation":{},"ISSN":["2634-4386"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2634-4386","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"An organic artificial soma for spatio-temporal pattern recognition via dendritic integration","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2023-12-31","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2024-04-04","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2024-04-12","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}