{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T04:46:58Z","timestamp":1776833218506,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726790400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Collaborative Research Network QuCoLiMa"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Collaborative Research Network QuCoLiMa"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuromorph. 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To this end, we apply the approach of equilibrium propagation, which permits to extract training gradients via a physical realization of backpropagation, based only on local interactions. The complex energy landscape of the XY\/Kuramoto model leads to multistability, and we show how to address this challenge. Our study identifies coupled phase oscillators as a new general-purpose neuromorphic platform and opens the door towards future experimental implementations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/2634-4386\/ad752b","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T18:51:57Z","timestamp":1724957517000},"page":"034014","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Training coupled phase oscillators as a neuromorphic platform using equilibrium propagation"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6459-7956","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qingshan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Clara C","family":"Wanjura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Marquardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ncead752bbib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1038\/s42254-020-0208-2","volume":"2","author":"Markovi\u0107","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. 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