{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T15:49:36Z","timestamp":1762444176393,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,10]],"date-time":"2009-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1252540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/page\/copyright"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,10]],"date-time":"2009-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1252540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nucl. Fusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents the latest results on confinement studies in the TJ-II stellarator. The inherently strong plasma\u2013wall interaction of TJ-II has been successfully reduced after lithium coating by vacuum evaporation. Besides H retention and low <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>, Li was chosen because there exists a reactor-oriented interest in this element, thus giving special relevance to the investigation of its properties. The Li-coating has led to important changes in plasma performance. Particularly, the effective density limit in NBI plasmas has been extended reaching central values of 8 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>\u2009m<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup> and <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:sub>e<\/jats:sub> \u2248 250\u2013300\u2009eV, with peaked density, rather flat <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:sub>e<\/jats:sub> profiles and higher ion temperatures. Due to the achieved density control, a second type of transition has been added to the low density ones previously observed in ECRH plasmas: higher density transitions characterized by the fall in H\u03b1 emission, the onset of steep density gradient and the reduction in the turbulence; which are characteristics of transition to the H mode. Confinement studies in ECH plasmas indicate that lowest order magnetic resonances, even in a low shear environment, locally reduce the effective electron heat diffusivities, while Alfven eigenmodes destabilized in NBI plasmas can influence fast ion confinement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/0029-5515\/49\/10\/104018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,11]],"date-time":"2009-09-11T03:13:41Z","timestamp":1252638821000},"page":"104018","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Confinement transitions in TJ-II under Li-coated wall 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