{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T16:29:59Z","timestamp":1773246599913,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,30]],"date-time":"2010-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1285804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/page\/copyright"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,30]],"date-time":"2010-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1285804800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nucl. Fusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A new ITER-relevant lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) launcher, based on the passive-active-multijunction (PAM) concept, was brought into operation on the Tore Supra tokamak in autumn 2009. The PAM launcher concept was designed in view of ITER to allow efficient cooling of the waveguides, as required for long pulse operation. In addition, it offers low power reflection close to the cut-off density, which is very attractive for ITER, where the large distance between the plasma and the wall may bring the density in front of the launcher to low values. The first experimental campaign on Tore Supra has shown extremely encouraging results in terms of reflected power level and power handling. Power reflection coefficient &lt;2% is obtained at low density in front of the launcher, i.e. close to the cut-off density, and very good agreement between the experimental results and the coupling code predictions is obtained. Long pulse operation at ITER-relevant power density has been demonstrated. The maximum power and energy reached so far is 2.7\u2009MW during 78\u2009s, corresponding to a power density of 25\u2009MW\u2009m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>, i.e. its design value at <jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic> = 3.7\u2009GHz. In addition, 2.7\u2009MW has been coupled at a plasma\u2013launcher distance of 10\u2009cm, with a power reflection coefficient &lt;2%. Finally, full non-inductive discharges have been sustained for 50\u2009s with the PAM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/0029-5515\/50\/11\/112002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]],"date-time":"2010-10-01T03:13:46Z","timestamp":1285902826000},"page":"112002","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Validation of the ITER-relevant passive-active-multijunction LHCD launcher on long pulses in Tore Supra"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Ekedahl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L.","family":"Delpech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Goniche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.","family":"Guilhem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Hillairet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Preynas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.K.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Achard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Y.S.","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"X.","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C.","family":"Balorin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Baranov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"V.","family":"Basiuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"B\u00e9coulet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Belo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"G.","family":"Berger-By","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S.","family":"Br\u00e9mond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C.","family":"Castaldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S.","family":"Ceccuzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R.","family":"Cesario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E.","family":"Corbel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"X.","family":"Courtois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Decker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E.","family":"Delmas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"X.","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.","family":"Douai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C.","family":"Goletto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.P.","family":"Gunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.","family":"Hertout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"G.T.","family":"Hoang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"F.","family":"Imbeaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"K.K.","family":"Kirov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"X.","family":"Litaudon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R.","family":"Magne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Mailloux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.","family":"Mazon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"F.","family":"Mirizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.","family":"Mollard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.","family":"Moreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"T.","family":"Oosako","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"V.","family":"Petrzilka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Peysson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S.","family":"Poli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Prou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"F.","family":"Saint-Laurent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"F.","family":"Samaille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"B.","family":"Saoutic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"nf362415bib01","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1063\/1.59729","article-title":"Radio frequency power in plasmas","volume":"485","year":"1999","journal-title":"AIP Conf. Proc."},{"key":"nf362415bib02","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"B363","DOI":"10.1088\/0741-3335\/47\/12B\/S26","volume":"47","year":"2005","journal-title":"Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion"},{"key":"nf362415bib03","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.45.716","volume":"45","year":"1980","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"nf362415bib04","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.49.1255","volume":"49","year":"1982","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"nf362415bib05","first-page":"733","volume":"1"},{"key":"nf362415bib06","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L11","DOI":"10.1088\/0029-5515\/44\/5\/L01","volume":"44","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nucl. Fusion"},{"key":"nf362415bib07","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1637993","article-title":"Radio frequency power in plasmas","volume":"694","year":"2003","journal-title":"AIP Conf. Proc."},{"key":"nf362415bib08","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S285","DOI":"10.1088\/0029-5515\/47\/6\/S06","volume":"47","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nucl. Fusion"},{"key":"nf362415bib09","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255004","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.100.255004","volume":"100","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"nf362415bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1088\/0029-5515\/35\/10\/I05","volume":"35","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nucl. Fusion"},{"key":"nf362415bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fusengdes.2005.06.014","volume":"74","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fusion Eng. Des."},{"key":"nf362415bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"075001","DOI":"10.1088\/0029-5515\/49\/7\/075001","volume":"49","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nucl. Fusion"},{"key":"nf362415bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fusengdes.2005.06.121","volume":"74","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fusion Eng. Des."},{"key":"nf362415bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1088\/0029-5515\/45\/9\/008","volume":"45","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nucl. Fusion"},{"key":"nf362415bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fusengdes.2005.06.173","volume":"74","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fusion Eng. Des."},{"key":"nf362415bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3273786","article-title":"Radio frequency power in plasmas","volume":"1187","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIP Conf. Proc."},{"key":"nf362415bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-3796(01)00385-4","volume":"56-57","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fusion Eng. Des."},{"key":"nf362415bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fusengdes.2009.03.014","volume":"84","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fusion Eng. Des."},{"key":"nf362415bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3273785","article-title":"Radio frequency power in plasmas","volume":"1187","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIP Conf. Proc."},{"key":"nf362415bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fusengdes.2008.12.058","volume":"84","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fusion Eng. Des."},{"key":"nf362415bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1088\/0029-5515\/31\/9\/014","volume":"31","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nucl. Fusion"},{"key":"nf362415bib22","article-title":"Benchmark of coupling codes (ALOHA, TOPLHA and GRILL3D) with ITER lower hybrid antenna","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fusion Eng. Des."},{"key":"nf362415bib23"}],"container-title":["Nuclear Fusion"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/0029-5515\/50\/11\/112002","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/0029-5515\/50\/11\/112002\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/0029-5515\/50\/11\/112002\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/0029-5515\/50\/11\/112002\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,7]],"date-time":"2023-02-07T19:50:25Z","timestamp":1675799425000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/0029-5515\/50\/11\/112002"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,30]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0029-5515\/50\/11\/112002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0029-5515","1741-4326"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0029-5515","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-4326","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Validation of the ITER-relevant passive-active-multijunction LHCD launcher on long pulses in Tore Supra","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Nuclear Fusion","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"2010 IAEA, Vienna","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2010-07-09","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2010-09-08","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2010-09-30","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}