{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T14:28:22Z","timestamp":1775485702235,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,25]],"date-time":"2011-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1295913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/page\/copyright"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,25]],"date-time":"2011-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1295913600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nucl. Fusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A new concept of lower hybrid antenna for current drive has been proposed for ITER (Bibet <jats:italic>et al<\/jats:italic> \n                  <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0029-5515\/35\/10\/I05\">1995 <jats:italic>Nucl. Fusion<\/jats:italic> \n                     <jats:bold>35<\/jats:bold> 1213\u201323<\/jats:ext-link>): the passive active multijunction (PAM) antenna that relies on a periodic combination of active and passive waveguides. An actively cooled PAM antenna at 3.7\u2009GHz has recently been installed on the tokamak Tore Supra. This paper summarizes the comprehensive experimental characterization of the coupling properties of the PAM antenna to the Tore Supra plasmas. In this paper, the electromagnetic properties of the antenna are measured at a reduced power (&lt;1\u2009MW) to allow a systematic comparison with linear wave coupling theory and the associated modelling based on the linear ALOHA code. In a wide range of edge electron densities at the antenna aperture (spanning a factor 20 from 0.5 \u00d7 <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub> to 10 \u00d7 <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub> where <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub> is the slow wave density cut-off, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub> = 1.7 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>17<\/jats:sup>\u2009m<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup> at 3.7\u2009GHz) and antenna phasing, the ALOHA simulations reproduce the experimental results observed on Tore Supra. In addition, reduced power reflection coefficients (&lt;5%) are measured at a low edge density, close to <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>, i.e. in the range 0.5\u20133 \u00d7 <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>. Measurement and analysis with ALOHA of the antenna\u2013plasma scattering matrices provide explanation of the good coupling properties of the PAM antenna close to <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub> by highlighting the crucial role of the slow wave intercoupling between active and passive waveguides through the plasma edge. This detailed validation of the coupling modelling is an important step towards the validation of the PAM concept in view of further optimizing the electromagnetic properties of the future ITER antenna.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/0029-5515\/51\/2\/023001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,26]],"date-time":"2011-01-26T04:32:11Z","timestamp":1296016331000},"page":"023001","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Coupling characteristics of the ITER-relevant lower hybrid antenna in Tore Supra: experiments and modelling"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Preynas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Ekedahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"N.","family":"Fedorczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Goniche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.","family":"Guilhem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.P.","family":"Gunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Hillairet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"X.","family":"Litaudon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Achard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"G.","family":"Berger-By","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Belo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E.","family":"Corbel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L.","family":"Delpech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"T.","family":"Ohsako","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Prou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"nf371421bib01","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1088\/0029-5515\/35\/10\/I05","article-title":"Conceptual study of a reflector waveguide array for launching lower hybrid waves in reactor grade plasmas","volume":"35","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nucl. 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