{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T16:17:32Z","timestamp":1764433052609,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,19]],"date-time":"2016-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1461024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/page\/copyright"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,19]],"date-time":"2016-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1461024000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003329","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ENE2012-38620-C02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ENE2012-38620-C02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nucl. Fusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The isotope effect, namely the isotope dependence of plasma confinement, is still one of the principal scientific conundrums facing the magnetic fusion community. We have investigated the impact of isotope mass on multi-scale mechanisms, including the characterization of radial correlation lengths (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <jats:tex-math\/>\n                     <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mstyle displaystyle=\"false\">\n                           <mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mstyle displaystyle=\"false\">\n                                 <mml:msub>\n                                    <mml:mrow>\n                                       <mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">L<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                                    <mml:mi>r<\/mml:mi>\n                                 <\/mml:msub>\n                              <\/mml:mstyle>\n                           <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:mstyle>\n                     <\/mml:math>\n                     <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"nfaa1229ieqn001.gif\" xlink:type=\"simple\"\/>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) and long-range correlations (LRC) of plasma fluctuations using multi-array Langmuir probe system, in hydrogen (H) and deuterium (D) plasmas in the ISTTOK tokamak. We found that when changing plasma composition from the H dominated to D dominated, the LRC amplitude increased markedly (10\u201330%) and the <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <jats:tex-math\/>\n                     <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mstyle displaystyle=\"false\">\n                           <mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mstyle displaystyle=\"false\">\n                                 <mml:msub>\n                                    <mml:mrow>\n                                       <mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">L<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                                    <mml:mi>r<\/mml:mi>\n                                 <\/mml:msub>\n                              <\/mml:mstyle>\n                           <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:mstyle>\n                     <\/mml:math>\n                     <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"nfaa1229ieqn002.gif\" xlink:type=\"simple\"\/>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> increased slightly (~10%). The particle confinement also improved by about 50%. The changes of LRC and <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <jats:tex-math\/>\n                     <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mstyle displaystyle=\"false\">\n                           <mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mstyle displaystyle=\"false\">\n                                 <mml:msub>\n                                    <mml:mrow>\n                                       <mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">L<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                                    <mml:mi>r<\/mml:mi>\n                                 <\/mml:msub>\n                              <\/mml:mstyle>\n                           <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:mstyle>\n                     <\/mml:math>\n                     <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"nfaa1229ieqn003.gif\" xlink:type=\"simple\"\/>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> are congruent with previous findings in the TEXTOR tokamak (Xu <jats:italic>et al<\/jats:italic> 2013 <jats:italic>Phys. Rev. Lett<\/jats:italic>. <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevLett.110.265005\" xlink:type=\"simple\">110<\/jats:ext-link> \n                  <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevLett.110.265005\" xlink:type=\"simple\">265005<\/jats:ext-link>). In addition, using biorthogonal decomposition, both geodesic acoustic modes and very low frequency (&lt;5\u2009kHz) coherent modes were found to be contributing to LRC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/0029-5515\/56\/5\/056012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,19]],"date-time":"2016-04-19T10:13:20Z","timestamp":1461060800000},"page":"056012","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Multi-scale study of the isotope effect in ISTTOK"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"B.","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"H.","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.A.","family":"Pedrosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"B.Ph.","family":"van Milligen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"T.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"U.","family":"Losada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C.","family":"Hidalgo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"nfaa1229bib001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1088\/0029-5515\/33\/8\/I09","article-title":"The isotope effect in ASDEX","volume":"33","author":"Bessenrodt-Weberpals","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nucl. 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