{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T23:54:01Z","timestamp":1762300441846,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia","award":["UID\/04413\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/04413\/2020"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["EL 492\/1-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EL 492\/1-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Meas. Sci. Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Infrared (IR) hyperspectral imaging is a powerful approach in the field of materials and life sciences. However, for the extension to modern sub-diffraction nanoimaging it still remains a highly inefficient technique, as it acquires data via inherent sequential schemes. Here, we introduce the mathematical technique of low-rank matrix reconstruction to the sub-diffraction scheme of atomic force microscopy-based infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR), for efficient hyperspectral IR nanoimaging. To demonstrate its application potential, we chose the trypanosomatid unicellular parasites <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> species as a realistic target of biological importance. The mid-IR spectral fingerprint window covering the spectral range from 1300 to 1900\u2009cm<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> was chosen and a distance between the data points of 220\u2009nm was used for nanoimaging of single parasites. The method of <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>-means cluster analysis was used for extracting the chemically distinct spatial locations. Subsequently, we randomly selected only 10% of an originally gathered data cube of 134 (<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>)\u2009\u00d7\u200950 (<jats:italic>y<\/jats:italic>)\u2009\u00d7\u2009148 (spectral) AFM-IR measurements and completed the full data set by low-rank matrix reconstruction. This approach shows agreement in the cluster regions between full and reconstructed data cubes. Furthermore, we show that the results of the low-rank reconstruction are superior compared to alternative interpolation techniques in terms of error-metrics, cluster quality, and spectral interpretation for various subsampling ratios. We conclude that by using low-rank matrix reconstruction the data acquisition time can be reduced from more than 14\u2009h to 1\u20132\u2009h. These findings can significantly boost the practical applicability of hyperspectral nanoimaging in both academic and industrial settings involving nano- and bio-materials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6501\/acfc27","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T22:20:57Z","timestamp":1695334857000},"page":"015403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Compressed AFM-IR hyperspectral nanoimaging"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6575-6621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B","family":"K\u00e4stner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0648-1936","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"M","family":"Marschall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0945-1508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A","family":"Hornemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8879-1895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S","family":"Metzner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3866-6903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P","family":"Patoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5850-6950","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"S","family":"Cortes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6871-8903","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"G","family":"W\u00fcbbeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0813-7514","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"A","family":"Hoehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0451-8734","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"E","family":"R\u00fchl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0113-3713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C","family":"Elster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]]},"reference":[{"year":"2009","author":"Salzer","key":"mstacfc27bib1"},{"key":"mstacfc27bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8117","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.9b05793","article-title":"Reflectance in AFM-IR: implications for interpretation and remote analysis of the buried interface","volume":"92","author":"Morsch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anal. 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Published by IOP Publishing Ltd","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2023-05-28","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2023-09-21","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2023-10-03","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}