{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:26:37Z","timestamp":1760660797717,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/iop-standard\/v1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760572800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Inst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Next-generation fusion reactors, such as DEMOnstration Power Plant (DEMO)\u00a0[<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0029-5515\/56\/2\/026009\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0029-5515\/56\/2\/026009<\/jats:ext-link>\n                  <jats:italic>Nucl. Fusion<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:bold>56<\/jats:bold> (2016) 026009], present significant challenges for plasma diagnostics due to limited in-vessel access and harsh operating conditions. Millimeter-wave (MMW) diagnostics and in particular Frequency Modulation of a Continuous Wave (FMCW) reflectometry offer a robust method for measuring electron density, a critical parameter for plasma position and shape control\u00a0[<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0029-5515\/52\/3\/032003\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0029-5515\/52\/3\/032003<\/jats:ext-link>\n                  <jats:italic>Nucl. Fusion<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:bold>52<\/jats:bold> (2012) 032003].\nHowever, achieving comprehensive plasma coverage demands numerous probing channels with wide frequency bandwidths and compact, efficient back-ends\u00a0[<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fusengdes.2023.113512\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fusengdes.2023.113512<\/jats:ext-link>\n                  <jats:italic>Fusion Eng. Des.<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:bold>190<\/jats:bold> (2023) 113512].  This paper details a redesigned MMW back-end system that overcomes limitations of a previous prototype.  The system utilizes readily available Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits (MMICs) to establish a base frequency range of 10 GHz to 20 GHz, which is extended to 160 GHz through external frequency multipliers, enabling detailed plasma characterization across an ultra-wideband. To address component obsolescence, the system underwent a complete Printed Circuit Board (PCB) redesign. This work details the new back-end design and its subsequent performance\u00a0evaluation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-0221\/20\/10\/c10015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T15:20:59Z","timestamp":1760628059000},"page":"C10015","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A compact and reconfigurable millimeter-wave back-end for next-generation fusion reactors"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0003-7263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6393-4148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9329-2457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5498-1359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F.","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0670-1214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"bde31852eda1dbfbab24139b76cd54225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0029-5515\/56\/2\/026009","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Diagnostics and control for the steady state and pulsed tokamak DEMO","volume":"56","author":"Orsitto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nuclear Fusion"},{"key":"b58b8521e306d429b3e49755a5180698e","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0029-5515\/52\/3\/032003","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Reflectometry-based plasma position feedback control demonstration at ASDEX Upgrade","volume":"52","author":"Santos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nuclear Fusion"},{"key":"b29302f17a0094f5c2814b78972894172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fusengdes.2023.113512","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A diagnostics slim cassette for reflectometry measurements in DEMO: Design and simulation studies","volume":"190","author":"Lu\u00eds","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fusion Engineering and Design"},{"key":"b69045d521d9c9d67b3689c07e61d20f0","type":"other"},{"key":"b5feda992e91c99575d0c8d1b4200c8a3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-0221\/16\/11\/c11005","type":"journal-article","article-title":"FM-CW compact reflectometer using DDS signal generation","volume":"16","author":"Silva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Instrumentation"},{"key":"b0a640e7f12b8616cdd72605120c7ee97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3502319","type":"journal-article","article-title":"New frequency translation technique for FM-CW reflectometry","volume":"81","author":"Meneses","year":"2010","journal-title":"Review of Scientific Instruments"}],"container-title":["Journal of Instrumentation"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1748-0221\/20\/10\/C10015","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1748-0221\/20\/10\/C10015\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1748-0221\/20\/10\/C10015\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1748-0221\/20\/10\/C10015\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T15:20:59Z","timestamp":1760628059000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1748-0221\/20\/10\/C10015"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1748-0221\/20\/10\/c10015","relation":{},"ISSN":["1748-0221"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1748-0221","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"A compact and reconfigurable millimeter-wave back-end for next-generation fusion reactors","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Instrumentation","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2025-03-01","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2025-10-13","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2025-10-16","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}