{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T08:42:24Z","timestamp":1773477744598,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>3D printing or additive manufacturing is an example of technology development in the construction sector. In 3D printing mortar, many things need to be considered regarding the characteristics of the mortar, such as workability, initial setting time, compressive strength, extrudability, and buildability. In previous studies, there were problems in the printing process, such as a lousy extrusion process and cracks in the 3D printing mortar sample. This study used calcium carbonate and a viscosity-modifying agent (VMA) to modify the mixture to achieve the desired characteristics. The extrudability and buildability were tested by observing the extrusion process and measuring the thickness and width of each layer printed. Based on the research, adding calcium carbonate and VMA can reduce workability and accelerate the initial setting time of the mixture. The use of VMA can reduce the compressive strength of the mixture. Using calcium carbonate and VMA can also increase the buildability of the mixture. From the compressive strength test, there was a decrease of 39.26% in the 3D printing mortar sample compared to the mortar cube sample. In addition, it was found that the 3D printing mortar is anisotropic, so the compressive force\u2019s direction affects the compressive strength produced.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/1195\/1\/012021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]],"date-time":"2023-06-16T15:41:45Z","timestamp":1686930105000},"page":"012021","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The influence of viscosity-modifying agent and calcium carbonate on 3D printing mortar characteristics"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"1195","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Antoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"N","family":"Adi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M E","family":"Kurniawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A","family":"Agraputra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D","family":"Teopilus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P","family":"Pudjisuryadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D","family":"Hardjito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"266","reference":[{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2019.03.011","article-title":"Additive manufacturing as an enabling technology for digital construction: A perspective on Construction 4.0","volume":"103","author":"Craveiro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Autom. Constr."},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib2","first-page":"1031","volume":"2014","author":"Rouhana","year":"2014","journal-title":"The reduction of construction duration by implementing contour crafting (3D printing)"},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2019.117989","article-title":"Yield stress criteria to assess the buildability of 3D concrete printing","volume":"240","author":"Jayathilakage","year":"2020","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib4","article-title":"3D printed concrete for large-scale buildings: An overview of rheology, printing parameters, chemical admixtures, reinforcements, and economic and environmental prospects","volume":"32","author":"Souza","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Build. Eng."},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2014.07.099","article-title":"Mechanical and durability properties of high volume fly ash (HVFA) concrete containing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles","volume":"70","author":"Shaikh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0958-9465(98)00020-1","article-title":"Influence of finely ground limestone on cement hydration","volume":"21","author":"P\u00e9ra","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Compos."},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2012.01.001","article-title":"Influence of limestone filler and viscosity-modifying admixture on the shrinkage of self-compacting concrete","volume":"42","author":"Valcuende","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Res."},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2020.118669","article-title":"Additive manufacturing of Portland cement pastes with additions of kaolin, superplastificant and calcium carbonate","volume":"248","author":"Vergara","year":"2020","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ma11122415","article-title":"A feasibility study on HPMC-improved sulphoaluminate cement for 3D printing","volume":"11","author":"Ding","year":"2018","journal-title":"Materials (Basel)."},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2019.107651","article-title":"An approach to develop printable strain hardening cementitious composites","volume":"169","author":"Chaves Figueiredo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib11","first-page":"1","author":"Antoni","year":"2021"},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/907\/1\/012011","article-title":"Investigation of the material mixtures and fiber addition for 3D concrete printing","volume":"907","author":"Antoni","year":"2021","journal-title":"IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci."},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib13","first-page":"6","article-title":"Standard Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar","author":"","year":"2007"},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib14","first-page":"1","article-title":"Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Concrete Mixtures by Penetration Resistance","volume":"04","author":"","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annu. B. ASTM Stand."},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconcomp.2018.12.014","article-title":"3D printable concrete: Mixture design and test methods","volume":"97","author":"Rahul","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Compos."},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2019.106968","article-title":"Printability region for 3D concrete printing using slump and slump flow test","volume":"174","author":"Tay","year":"2019","journal-title":"Compos. Part B Eng."},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ma10121349","article-title":"Evaluation of shear strength of RC beams with multiple interfaces formed before initial setting using 3D printing technology","volume":"10","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Materials (Basel)."},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.326","article-title":"A feasible method for measuring the buildability of fresh 3D printing mortar","volume":"227","author":"Yuan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib19","first-page":"133","article-title":"Efek Material Pengisi Kalsium Karbonat Dan Waste Marble Dust Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Mortar","author":"Tanggu","year":"2018"},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib20","first-page":"9","article-title":"The effect of viscosity-modifying admixture on the extrudability of limestone and calcined clay-based cementitious material for extrusion-based 3D concrete printing","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Materials (Basel)"},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2020.106040","article-title":"Improving printability of limestone-calcined clay-based cementitious materials by using viscosity-modifying admixture","volume":"132","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Res."},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2020.120094","article-title":"Effect of printing parameters on interlayer bond strength of 3D printed limestone-calcined clay-based cementitious materials: An experimental and numerical study","volume":"262","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"EES_1195_1_012021bib23","author":"Nerella","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1755-1315\/1195\/1\/012021","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1755-1315\/1195\/1\/012021\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1755-1315\/1195\/1\/012021\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1755-1315\/1195\/1\/012021\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]],"date-time":"2023-06-16T15:42:00Z","timestamp":1686930120000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1755-1315\/1195\/1\/012021"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1755-1315\/1195\/1\/012021","relation":{},"ISSN":["1755-1307","1755-1315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1755-1307","type":"print"},{"value":"1755-1315","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The influence of viscosity-modifying agent and calcium carbonate on 3D printing mortar characteristics","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}