{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T08:50:45Z","timestamp":1790844645951,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,1]],"date-time":"2004-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1086048000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Antibiotic consumption during 1996 was measured in 15 large hospitals from 14 countries and 3000 consecutive\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    samples were collected, allowing calculation of local resistance rates and typing of isolates. Antibiotic consumption data were converted to defined \ndaily doses (DDD), and similar antibiotics were grouped if they belonged to the same therapeutic subgroup. Variations in hospital size were corrected by using DDD per 1000 bed-days. The total antibiotic consumption in the 15 hospitals varied between 296 DDD\/1000 bed-days and 1108 DDD\/1000 bed-days. \nDifferences in the usage of therapeutical subgroups of antimicrobials varied significantly between hospitals. A positive correlation was found between\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    resistance to methicillin (MRSA) and consumption of \u03b2-lactam combinations, between resistance to quinolones and consumption of \n\u03b2-lactam combinations and carbapenems and resistance to aminoglycosides and consumption of \u03b2-lactam combinations. The consumption of \u03b2-lactamase-sensitive antibiotics was negatively correlated to resistance to methicillin, quinolones, and aminoglycosides. Usage of the different \nantimicrobial therapeutical subgroups was also correlated. Consumption of \u03b2-lactamase-sensitive antibiotics (penicillin) was positively correlated to consumption of \u03b2-lactamase-resistant penicillins and negatively correlated to consumption of carbapenems, quinolones, and glycopeptides, \nwhereas consumption of cephalosporins was positively correlated to consumption of aminoglycosides, quinolones, and glycopeptides. In this study of hospitals with MRSA prevalence of between 0% and 63%, significant correlations were found between resistance and consumption of antimicrobials. These \nfindings support the importance of antimicrobial consumption on resistance. An accompanying paper addresses the issue of antibiotic resistance and clonality of isolates.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/1076629041310019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,1]],"date-time":"2004-07-01T19:05:46Z","timestamp":1088708746000},"page":"169-176","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["An International Multicenter Study of Antimicrobial Consumption and Resistance in\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    Isolates from 15 Hospitals in 14 Countries"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Henrik","family":"Westh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hvidovre University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark and Staphylococcus Laboratory, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina Scheel","family":"Zinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hvidovre University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark and Staphylococcus Laboratory, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vibeke Thamdrup","family":"Rosdahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hvidovre University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Sarisa Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Study on Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (SARISA) study group (countries in alphabetic order): E. Couto, Hospital Dr.F. J. Mu\u00f1iz, Argentina; M. Struelens, H\u00f4pital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium; A. MacGowan, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, England; O. Meurman,Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; J. Etienne, H\u00f4pital Louis Predel, Lyon, France; D. Milatovic and C. Wallrauch, Inst. f\u00fcr Medi-zinische Mikrobiologie, M\u00fcnchen, Germany; O. Paniara, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece; E. E. Udo, Kuwait University Hospital, Kuwait;J. Miciullevicien\u00e9, Kaunas Academic Clinic, Kaunas, Lithuania; R. Yasin, Bacteriology Division Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; N.Cowley and S. Lang, Middlemore Hospital, South Auckland, New Zealand; T. Hofstad and A. Digranes, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen,Norway; G. Mlynarczyk, Medical Academy of Warsaw, Poland; A. G. Duse, SAIMR, Houghton, Republic of South Africa; F. Marco and T.Trilla, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain; M. Walder and H. Laurell, Malm\u00f6 A..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/1076629041310019","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/1076629041310019","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T12:31:59Z","timestamp":1777638719000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1089\/1076629041310019"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/1076629041310019"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/1076629041310019","relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-6294","1931-8448"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-6294","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-8448","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]}}}