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They are typically collected using handcrafted intraoral devices with mounted carriers for biofilm growth. As the geometry of handcrafted devices is not standardized, the shear forces acting on the biofilms and the access to salivary nutrients differ between carriers. The resulting variability in biofilm growth renders the comparison of different treatment modalities difficult. The aim of the present work was to design and validate an additively manufactured intraoral device with a dental bar produced by direct metal laser sintering and vat photopolymerized inserts with standardized geometry for the mounting of biofilm carriers. Additive manufacturing reduced the production time and cost, guaranteed an accurate fit of the devices and facilitated the handling of carriers without disturbing the biofilm. Biofilm growth was robust, with increasing thickness over time and moderate inter- and intraindividual variation (coefficients of variance 0.48\u20130.87). The biofilms showed the typical architecture and composition of dental biofilms, as evidenced by confocal microscopy and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Deeper inserts offering increased protection from shear tended to increase the biofilm thickness, whereas prolonged exposure to sucrose during growth increased the biofilm volume but not the thickness. Ratiometric pH imaging revealed considerable pH variation between participants and also inside single biofilms. Intraoral devices for biofilm collection constitute a new application for medical additive manufacturing and offer the best possible basis for studying the influence of different treatment modalities on biofilm growth, composition, and virulence. The Clinical Trial Registration number is: 1-10-72-193-20.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/3dp.2022.0009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]],"date-time":"2022-05-13T11:32:01Z","timestamp":1652441521000},"page":"1036-1045","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A New Device for\n                    <i>In Situ<\/i>\n                    Dental Biofilm Collection Additively Manufactured by Direct Metal Laser Sintering and Vat Photopolymerization"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Pernille Thestrup","family":"Rikvold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Oral Ecology and Caries Control, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Kambourakis Johnsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Oral Ecology and Caries Control, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Leonhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"M\u00f8llebjerg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Signe Maria","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lea Benedicte","family":"Skov Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novozymes A\/S, Kgs. 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