{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T05:06:52Z","timestamp":1773292012779,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Computational Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Spatial pattern formation of the primary anterior\u2013posterior morphogenetic gradient of the transcription factor Bicoid (Bcd) has been studied experimentally and computationally for many years. Bcd specifies positional information for the downstream segmentation genes, affecting the fly body plan. More recently, a number of researchers have focused on the patterning dynamics of the underlying\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bcd<\/jats:italic>\n                    messenger RNA (mRNA) gradient, which is translated into Bcd protein. New, more accurate techniques for visualizing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bcd<\/jats:italic>\n                    mRNA need to be combined with quantitative signal extraction techniques to reconstruct the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bcd<\/jats:italic>\n                    mRNA distribution. Here, we present a robust technique for quantifying gradients with a two-exponential model. This approach (1) has natural, biologically relevant parameters and (2) is invariant to linear transformations of the data arising due to variation in experimental conditions (e.g., microscope settings, nonspecific background signal). This allows us to quantify\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bcd<\/jats:italic>\n                    mRNA gradient variability from embryo to embryo (important for studying the robustness of developmental regulatory networks); sort out atypical gradients; and classify embryos to developmental stage by quantitative gradient parameters.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/cmb.2017.0063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,17]],"date-time":"2018-08-17T11:43:04Z","timestamp":1534506184000},"page":"1220-1230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Two-Exponential Models of Gene Expression Patterns for Noisy Experimental Data"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Theodore","family":"Alexandrov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EMBL","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"University of California of San Diego"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Golyandina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Petersburg State University","place":["Russia"]}]},{"given":"David","family":"Holloway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Columbia Institute of Technology","place":["Canada"]}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Shlemov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Petersburg State University","place":["Russia"]}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Spirov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science and CEWIT"},{"name":"The Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry","place":["Russia"]}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","first-page":"825758","article-title":"Singular spectrum analysis of gene expression profiles of early Drosophila embryo: exponential-in-distance patterns","volume":"2008","author":"Alexandrov T.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Alexandrov T., , Golyandina N., , and Spirov A. 2008. 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