{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:22:04Z","timestamp":1777378924544,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]],"date-time":"2011-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1296518400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-\u03b1) is thought to be involved in the pathogenic and metabolic events associated with HIV-1 infection. We assessed whether carriage of the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">TNF-\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene promoter single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is associated with lipodystrophy and metabolic derangements in HIV-1-infected patients treated with cART. We also assessed variations in TNF-\u03b1 receptor plasma levels. The study group comprised 286 HIV-1-infected patients (133 with and 153 without lipodystrophy) and 203 uninfected controls (UC).\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">TNF-\u03b1 \u2212238G\u2009&gt;\u2009A, \u2212308G\u2009&gt;\u2009A,<\/jats:italic>\n                    and \u2212\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">863 C\u2009&gt;\u2009A<\/jats:italic>\n                    SNP were assessed using PCR-RFLPs on white cell DNA. Plasma sTNF-\u03b1 R1 and R2 levels were measured by ELISA. Student's\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                    test, the \u03c7\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    test, Pearson correlations, and the logistic regression test were performed for statistical analysis. The\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">TNF-<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u03b1 \u2212\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">308G\u2009&gt;\u2009A<\/jats:italic>\n                    SNP was significantly associated with lipodystrophy in the univariate analysis (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.04). This association, however, was no longer significant in the multivariate analysis. A meta-analysis of the published literature and our own data, which included 284 patients with lipodystrophy and 338 without lipodystrophy, showed that there was no relationship between the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">TNF-\u03b1 \u2212238G\u2009&gt;\u2009A<\/jats:italic>\n                    and \u2212\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">308G\u2009&gt;\u2009A<\/jats:italic>\n                    SNP and lipodystrophy (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05 for all comparisons). HIV-1-infected patients had greater sTNF-\u03b1 R2 plasma levels than UC (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.001) whereas sTNF-\u03b1 R1 and R2 levels were not significantly different in both the HIV-1-infected cohorts, lipodystrophy vs. nonlipodystrophy (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009NS). In our cohort of white Spaniards the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">TNF-\u03b1 \u2212238G\u2009&gt;\u2009A, \u2212308G\u2009&gt;\u2009A,<\/jats:italic>\n                    and \u2212\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">863C\u2009&gt;\u2009A<\/jats:italic>\n                    SNP were not associated with lipodystrophy in HIV-1-infected patients treated with cART. This finding was replicated in a meta-analysis of the published data, which showed no associations between the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">TNF-\u03b1 \u2212238G\u2009&gt;\u2009A<\/jats:italic>\n                    and \u2212\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">308G\u2009&gt;\u2009A<\/jats:italic>\n                    SNP and lipodystrophy. In HIV-1-infected patients under cART there is a systemic overproduction of sTNF-\u03b1 R2, which is unrelated to the presence of lipodystrophy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2009.0312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,20]],"date-time":"2010-09-20T12:53:44Z","timestamp":1284987224000},"page":"143-152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["No Relationship Between\n                    <i>TNF-\u03b1<\/i>\n                    Genetic Variants and Combination Antiretroviral Therapy-Related Lipodystrophy Syndrome in HIV Type 1-Infected Patients: A Case-Control Study and a Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Sergi","family":"Veloso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"IISPV","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Universitat Rovira i 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