{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:14:37Z","timestamp":1777378477552,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]],"date-time":"2012-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1333238400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is associated with fat redistribution and metabolic disorders. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the association between peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)\u03b1 and PPAR\u03b3 polymorphisms, two genes involved in lipid metabolism and adipocyte differentiation, and elements of the metabolic syndrome, lipodystrophy, or carbohydrate metabolism abnormalities in patients receiving HAART. The frequency distribution of rare alleles for PPAR\u03b1 (L162V) and PPAR\u03b3 (P12A and H449H) was compared using the chi square test in 363 HIV-1-infected patients classified according to the presence or absence of the metabolic syndrome after 48 months of follow-up on their first PI-containing regimen. The P12A rare\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">g<\/jats:italic>\n                    allele was present in 12% patients with normal glucose metabolism, 11% patients with impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose, and 35% patients with diabetes (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.014). The rare\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">g<\/jats:italic>\n                    allele for L162V was present in 14% of patients free of hypertriglyceridemia and in 7% patients with hypertriglyceridemia (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.04). The rare\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">g<\/jats:italic>\n                    allele for L162V was found in 15% of patients free of any sign of lipodystrophy and 8% with at least one sign of lipodystrophy (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.04) and the rare\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                    allele for H449H was found in 14% of patients free of any sign of lipodystrophy and 23% of patients with at least one sign of lipodystrophy (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.05). There was no convincing association between any polymorphism of PPAR\u03b1 and PPAR\u03b3 and each individual component of the metabolic syndrome, except for the relationship of the P12A polymorphism with diabetes. Confirmatory studies on a larger number of individuals are needed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2010.0311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,30]],"date-time":"2011-08-30T15:28:06Z","timestamp":1314718086000},"page":"393-399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Peroxisome Proliferator Activating Receptor Alpha and Gamma Polymorphisms and Metabolic Abnormalities in HIV-Infected Patients Receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy: The ANRS CO8 APROCO-COPILOTE Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Hassan","family":"Nazih","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Nantes","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Raffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Ta\u00efeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Reynes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Choutet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jill-Patrick","family":"Cassuto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tristan","family":"Ferry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Genevi\u00e8ve","family":"Ch\u00eane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Leport","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital Bichat","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Marie","family":"Bard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Nantes","place":["France"]},{"name":"Centre Ren\u00e9 Gauducheau","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"for the APROCO-COPILOTE (ANRS CO 08) Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)08468-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199903110-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200001070-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199807000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200001010-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/339866"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(02)02221-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0513"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"2735","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome. 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