{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:12:28Z","timestamp":1777378348673,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,1]],"date-time":"2012-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1349049600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Cryptococcal meningitis has emerged as a leading cause of infectious morbidity and mortality in patients with AIDS. A retrospective analysis of records of HIV-infected individuals registered in the Immunodeficiency Clinic of a tertiary care hospital and research institute was carried out. Records of 6900 HIV-infected individuals who were enrolled in the clinic between January 2002 and March 2011 were analyzed. Records of 6900 HIV-infected individuals were screened. Ninety-one were diagnosed with cryptococcal meningitis (1.32%). In 68 individuals cryptococcal meningitis was the presenting illness. Nine patients developed meningitis within 6 months of starting antiretroviral treatment (ART). Six patients were receiving ART for more than 6 months at the time of diagnosis. The remaining eight patients were not on ART at the time of development of meningitis. The mean baseline CD4 count of patients was 77.7\u00b161 (range, 4\u2013259,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =91) cells\/mm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Seventy-four patients had a CD4 value of less than 100 at the time of diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis. Eleven of these ninety-one patients had a relapse of cryptococcal meningitis while receiving a maintenance dose of fluconazole. During follow-up 37 died, two were lost to follow-up, while 52 patients were on regular ART. Mortality due to cryptococcal meningitis amounted to 0.54% (37\/6900). There was no correlation between survival and duration of ART at the time of cryptomeningitis (Pearsons \u03c7\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    =0.241,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.884). There was a significant difference in the CD4 counts of the HIV-infected individuals who died with cryptomeningitis and those who survived (Pearson's \u03c7\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    =9.1, df=4,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.05). The frequency of cryptococcal meningitis was 1.32%. Cryptococcal meningitis leads to high mortality in HIV patients. Management of cryptococcal infection remains a key facet of AIDS care in India.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2011.0293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,28]],"date-time":"2012-02-28T06:25:37Z","timestamp":1330410337000},"page":"1220-1226","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Retrospective Study of AIDS-Associated Cryptomeningitis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Ravinder Kaur","family":"Sachdeva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER)","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shivani","family":"Randev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER)","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aman","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER)","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ajay","family":"Wanchu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER)","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arunaloke","family":"Chakrabarti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PGIMER","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Surjit","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER)","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Subhash","family":"Varma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER)","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.77.914.769"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/19.6.1029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/14.Supplement_1.S54"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldh043"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/088922299310926"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-104-2-234"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.3515"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","unstructured":"NACO Guidelines for prevention and management of common opportunistic infections\/malignancies among HIV infected adult and adolescent. May 2008; 38\u201339."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","volume-title":"HIV in Site Knowledge Base [textbook online]","author":"Hare CB","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hare CB. WHO Staging System for HIV Infection and Disease in Adolescents and Adults, Table 3; Clinical Overview of HIV Disease. HIV in Site Knowledge Base [textbook online] Peiperl L, , Coffey S, , Volberding PA. UCSF Center for HIV Information: San Francisco, 2006 2012 March 23 hivinsite.ucsf.edu"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/507900"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"116","article-title":"Outcome of AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis initially treated with 200\u2009mg\/day or 400\u2009mg\/day of fluconazole","volume":"10","author":"Schaars CF","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schaars CF, , Meintjes GA, , Morroni C, , Post FA, , Maartens G. Outcome of AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis initially treated with 200\u2009mg\/day or 400\u2009mg\/day of fluconazole. 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Cryptococcal pneumonia in African miners at autopsy. 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