{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:40:35Z","timestamp":1777380035359,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]],"date-time":"2014-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409529600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) has become an important tool for HIV prevention in the men who have sex with men (MSM) communities within Los Angeles County. However, it is unclear as to whether the most sexually at-risk MSM populations are accessing PEP services. Furthermore, it is unclear what behavioral risk factors differentiate individuals who utilize PEP once (single PEP) versus those who utilize it multiple times (re-PEP). Data were collected between May 2011 and December 2012 on all clients enrolled in the Los Angeles LGBT Center's (the Center) PEP-LA program as well as on all sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening clients visiting the Center. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze results. PEP clients had greater odds of having a history of gonorrhea in the past year when compared to high-risk, non-PEP clients (OR: 1.71; CI: 1.25\u20132.35). Furthermore, they had greater odds of using methamphetamines (OR: 1.71; CI: 1.30\u20132.24) and inhaled nitrates (OR: 1.62; CI: 1.30\u20132.01) in the past 12 months when compared to high-risk, non-PEP clients. Re-PEP clients had greater odds of methamphetamine use than single PEP clients (OR: 2.80; CI: 1.65\u20134.75). There were no significant differences by race\/ethnicity between high-risk, non-PEP clients and PEP clients in either the entire cohort or MSM only sample. However, African Americans made up 8.5% of persons accessing PEP services but 16.7% of persons who tested HIV positive. Similar proportions of PEP use by race\/ethnicity are problematic considering the disproportionate burden of HIV infections in the African American community. Although uptake among the highest risk populations has been brisk (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =649), inequities based upon race\/ethnicity suggest the need for increased outreach.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2014.0017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,26]],"date-time":"2014-06-26T22:24:46Z","timestamp":1403821486000},"page":"848-855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Uptake and Repeat Use of Postexposure Prophylaxis in a Community-Based Clinic in Los Angeles, California"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Matthew R.","family":"Beymer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Los Angeles LGBT Center"},{"name":"University of California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert K.","family":"Bolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Los Angeles LGBT Center"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Risa P.","family":"Flynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Los Angeles LGBT Center"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dustin R.","family":"Kerrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Los Angeles LGBT Center"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David L.","family":"Pieribone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"County of Los Angeles Department of Public Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonali P.","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"County of Los Angeles Department of Public Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jackelyn C.","family":"Stitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Los Angeles LGBT Center"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Everardo","family":"Mejia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Los Angeles LGBT Center"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raphael J.","family":"Landovitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California"},{"name":"Center for Clinical AIDS Research & Education (CARE)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Updated US public health service guidelines for the management of occupational exposures to HIV and recommendations for postexposure prophylaxis","volume":"54","author":"Panlilio AL","year":"2005","unstructured":"Panlilio AL, , Cardo DM, , Grohskopf LA, et al.: Updated US public health service guidelines for the management of occupational exposures to HIV and recommendations for postexposure prophylaxis. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 2005; 54:1\u201317.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antiretroviral postexposure prophylaxis after sexual, injection drug use, or other nonoccupational exposure to HIV in the United States: Recommendations from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","volume":"54","author":"Smith DK","year":"2005","unstructured":"Smith DK, , Grohskopf LA, , Black RJ, et al.: Antiretroviral postexposure prophylaxis after sexual, injection drug use, or other nonoccupational exposure to HIV in the United States: Recommendations from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 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Abstract 167."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.6.1475"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"494","article-title":"Tenofovir DF plus lamivudine or emtricitabine for nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis (NPEP) in a Boston Community Health Center","volume":"47","author":"Mayer KH","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mayer KH, , Mimiaga MJ, , Cohen D, et al.: Tenofovir DF plus lamivudine or emtricitabine for nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis (NPEP) in a Boston Community Health Center. 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Available from http:\/\/kaiserfamilyfoundation.files.wordpress.com\/2013\/01\/7932.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","first-page":"343","volume-title":"Public Health Practice: What Works","author":"Sayles J","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sayles J, , Perez M, , Garcia G, et al.: Reducing cases of HIV: Implementation of post-exposure prophylaxis. In: Public Health Practice: What Works, 1st ed. (Fielding JE, , Teutsch SM, eds.). Oxford University Press, New York, 2013, pp. 343\u2013355.","edition":"1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","unstructured":"Beymer MR: Los Angeles LGBT Center internal yearly report. Unpublished raw data 2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/318829"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000237838.43716.ee"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200404150-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32832c1776"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e318230e885"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181869a9b"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","unstructured":"Division of HIV and STD Programs Los Angeles County Department of Public Health the Los Angeles County Commission on HIV and the Los Angeles County HIV Prevention Planning Committee: Los Angeles County Five-Year Comprehensive HIV Plan (2013\u20132017) March 2013 p. 59."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000134740.41585.f4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3181a9cc41"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017502"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000180794.27896.fb"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-008-9403-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","first-page":"85","article-title":"The relationship between methamphetamine and popper use and risk of HIV seroconversion in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study","volume":"45","author":"Plankey MW","year":"2007","unstructured":"Plankey MW, , Ostrow DG, , Stall R, et al.: The relationship between methamphetamine and popper use and risk of HIV seroconversion in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. 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