{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:41:29Z","timestamp":1777380089775,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,1]],"date-time":"2015-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1443657600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of HIV-1 very low-level viremia (&lt;50 copies\/ml) on the 2-year risk of virological failure. A retrospective analysis including HIV-positive patients presenting two consecutive HIV RNA below 50 copies\/ml (outpatient clinic in Italy, first semester of 2010) was performed. HIV RNA was measured through real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay CAP\/CTM HIV-1 version 2.0 (detection limit: 20 copies\/ml) and stratified as undetectable RNA (\u201cTarget Not Detected\u201d, TND), &lt;20 copies\/ml, 20\u201350 copies\/ml. After 96 weeks virological failure was defined as two consecutive viral loads above 50 copies\/ml. Log-rank tests and a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model were used for univariate and multivariate analysis. A total of 1,055 patients (71.4% male, 87.4% white, aged 46.7 years) were included: nadir and current CD4 cell counts were 203 cells\/mm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    (106\u2013292) and 554 cells\/mm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    (413\u2013713.5). HIV RNA was undetectable in 781 patients (74%), &lt;20 copies\/ml in 190 patients (18%) and 20\u201350 copies\/ml in 84 patients (8%). Virological failure was observed in 81 patients (7.7%); at multivariate analysis detectable RNA at baseline (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p=<\/jats:italic>\n                    0.017), HCV infection (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p=<\/jats:italic>\n                    0.020), more than three pills in the regimen (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p=<\/jats:italic>\n                    0.003), and duration of HIV RNA &lt;50 copies\/ml below 2 years (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001) were independently associated with virological failure. In 14 patients newly selected resistance-associated mutations were observed. Undetectable HIV RNA by real-time PCR is significantly associated with a lower 2-year risk of virological failure along with Ab HCV negativity, longer viral control, and lower pill burden. Studies investigating the management of residual viremia under antiretroviral treatment are warranted.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2015.0102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,13]],"date-time":"2015-07-13T07:37:51Z","timestamp":1436773071000},"page":"999-1008","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["HIV-1 Very Low Level Viremia Is Associated with Virological Failure in Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment-Treated Patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Calcagno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Torino","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Motta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Torino","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Ghisetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Lo Re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Torino","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiziano","family":"Allice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Letizia","family":"Marinaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Torino","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Grazia","family":"Milia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria C.","family":"Tettoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Torino","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Trentini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Torino","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Orofino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ospedale Amedeo di Savoia","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernardino","family":"Salassa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Torino","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Di Perri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Torino","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Bonora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Torino","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3182567a57"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0800050105"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00076-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2008.05.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir208"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.23679"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02388-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283427de3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21405"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1318249111"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3182745ab0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir936"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e32834ef5d9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00100-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr422"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12266"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050065"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks191"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","unstructured":"http:\/\/sierra2.stanford.edu\/sierra\/servlet\/JSierra?action=mutationsInput. 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