{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T17:03:58Z","timestamp":1790960638543,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501545600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The objective of this study was to characterize cervicovaginal (CV) mucosal factors modulating susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition in healthy premenopausal (PRE) and postmenopausal (POST) women before and after treatment with estradiol (E2). We compared CV mucosal epithelial histology and immune cells, vaginal microbiota, antimicrobial activity of and soluble mucosal protein concentrations in the CV fluid lavage (CVL), and p24 antigen production after\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection of ectocervical tissues with HIV-1\n                    <jats:sub>BaL<\/jats:sub>\n                    among PRE women (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200920) in the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle and POST women (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200917) at baseline and after \u223c1 month of treatment with 0.01% vaginal E2 cream. Compared to PRE women, we measured higher levels of p24 antigen after\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection in tissues from POST women. POST women had a significantly thinner vaginal epithelium with decreased tight junction proteins and a higher density of mucosal immune T cells and lower levels of CD1a antigen-presenting cells, antimicrobial peptides, and inflammatory cytokines in the CVL (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    values &lt;.05). POST women had higher vaginal pH and lower vaginal\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Lactobacilli<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    values &lt;.05) than PRE women. After vaginal E2 therapy, CV endpoints and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    HIV replication in POST tissues were similar to those observed in PRE tissues. The CV mucosa in POST women is thinned and compromised, with increased HIV-target immune cells and decreased antimicrobial factors, being more susceptible to HIV infection. After POST women receive topical E2 treatment, mucosal endpoints are similar to PRE levels.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2016.0320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,11]],"date-time":"2017-04-11T10:41:28Z","timestamp":1491907288000},"page":"807-819","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Comparison of Mucosal Markers of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Susceptibility in Healthy Premenopausal Versus Postmenopausal Women"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Andrea Ries","family":"Thurman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CONRAD Clinical Research Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazita","family":"Yousefieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CONRAD Clinical Research Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neelima","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CONRAD Clinical Research Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Kimble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CONRAD Clinical Research Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Asin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"V.A. Medical Center"},{"name":"Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Rollenhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"V.A. Medical Center"},{"name":"Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon M.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CONRAD Clinical Research Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betsy C.","family":"Herold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamie L.","family":"Freiermuth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian S.","family":"Starkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro M.M.","family":"Mesquita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Richardson-Harman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alpha StatConsult"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tina","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Analytics and Discovery"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Hillier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Magee-Womens Research Institute"},{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorna","family":"Rabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Magee-Womens Research Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jill L.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CONRAD Clinical Research Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo F.","family":"Doncel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CONRAD Clinical Research Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"UNAIDS: The gap report. Available at www.unaids.org\/sites\/default\/files\/media_asset\/UNAIDS_Gap_report_en.pdf (2014) accessed May4 2017."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"629","volume-title":"Clinical Endocrinology and Infertility","author":"Speroff L","year":"1989","unstructured":"Speroff L, , Glass RH, , Kase NG: Steroid metabolism. In: Clinical Endocrinology and Infertility, Vol 4th (Speroff L, ed.) Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 1989, p. 629."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: HIV surveillance report 2014. Available at www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/library\/reports\/surveillance\/ (2014) accessed May4 2017."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1990.tb136907.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.304.6830.809"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199611000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/93.9.710"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199407000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199802000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67481-8"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"381","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception","volume":"41","author":"Mishell DR","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mishell DRJr.: Pharmacokinetics of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception. J Reprod Med, 1996; 41(5 Suppl):381\u2013390.","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(01)01748-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-44-1-32"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000001228"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.29.2.297-301.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2015.0006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016475"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12411"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2012.0271"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2015.0264"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2012.0073"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00673-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111507"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2011.34"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","first-page":"S57","article-title":"The mucosal immune system in the human female reproductive tract: Potential insights into the heterosexual transmission of HIV","volume":"14","author":"Yeaman GR","year":"1998","unstructured":"Yeaman GR, , White HD, , Howell A, , Prabhala R, , Wira CR: The mucosal immune system in the human female reproductive tract: Potential insights into the heterosexual transmission of HIV. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses, 1998; 14 Suppl 1:S57\u2013S62.","journal-title":"AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2010.2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.1.57-64.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.06372-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir591"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3880472"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.2001.00927.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31823fd215"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/600867"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/98.1.76"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2011.09.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2015.0185"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5122(90)90089-O"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.20525"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-013-1676-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-14-0269"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2015.0011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/590503"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e328321809c"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000000103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir715"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3182961cfc"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.11.7560"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.06.057"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.9.5840-5848.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod60.2.508"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0048418"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32832ea643"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.02.045"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.03.045"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.03.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis555"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e318291f331"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","first-page":"CD001500","article-title":"Local oestrogen for vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women","author":"Suckling J","year":"2006","unstructured":"Suckling J, , Lethaby A, , Kennedy R: Local oestrogen for vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2006:CD001500.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"}],"container-title":["AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/aid.2016.0320","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/aid.2016.0320","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/aid.2016.0320","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:13:08Z","timestamp":1777367588000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/aid.2016.0320"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/aid.2016.0320"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/aid.2016.0320","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-2229","1931-8405"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-2229","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-8405","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]}}}