{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:48:56Z","timestamp":1777380536607,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]],"date-time":"2017-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]],"date-time":"2017-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509494400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Cytotoxic T cells are critical in controlling virus infections. However, continuous antigen stimulation and negative regulatory factors cause CD8 T cells to enter a dysfunctional state (T cell exhaustion), resulting in viral persistence. We hypothesized that the exhausted T cell state could be molecularly rejuvenated using a somatic cell reprogramming technology, which is technically able to convert any types of cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), to regenerate functional T cells capable of purging chronic infection. We generated a new mouse line (B6\/129\n                    <jats:sup>OKSM<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) in which every somatic cell contains four doxycycline-inducible reprogramming genes (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Oct4, Klf4, Sox2,<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">c-Myc<\/jats:italic>\n                    : OKSM), and infected them with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) clone 13 to establish chronic infection. Exhausted LCMV-specific T cells isolated by flow sorting were successfully reprogrammed\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    into iPSCs in the presence of doxycycline. Upon injection into blastocysts and subsequent transfer into foster females, the reprogrammed cells differentiated into functional naive T cells that maintained their original antigen specificity. These results provide proof of concept that somatic cell reprogramming of exhausted T cells into iPSCs can erase imprints of their previous exhausted state and in turn regenerate functional virus-specific T cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2017.0161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,15]],"date-time":"2017-11-15T09:36:19Z","timestamp":1510738579000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Purging Exhausted Virus-Specific CD8 T Cell Phenotypes by Somatic Cell Reprogramming"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Joshua","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick Y.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at 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