{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T11:51:17Z","timestamp":1777895477448,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577750400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    To assess the efficacy of long-term calcium and vitamin D treatment on bone mineral density (BMD) in HIV\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    patients on combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). A retrospective, single-center cohort study. Between March 2010 and July 2012, 268 HIV\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    patients were screened for vitamin D and calcium deficiency. Those with proven vitamin D or calcium deficiency received supplementation according to a predefined protocol, and were offered further evaluation of BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Calcium and vitamin D status and BMD were assessed at baseline (T\n                    <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and approximately one (T\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and 4\u20136 years (T\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) later. Percentual change in BMD of the lumbar spine and hip was compared with reported rates of change in HIV\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    patients on cART without standard calcium and vitamin D treatment. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and calcium deficiency was 46% and 43%, respectively. Thirteen percent of patients had secondary hyperparathyroidism at baseline. DEXA performed in patients with a deficiency revealed osteopenia in 40% and osteoporosis in 8% of patients. The expected long-term change in lumbar spine and hip BMDs at T\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    was \u22120.7%, \u22121.5%, and \u22121.5%, respectively. The measured changes were +2.3%, \u22120.6%, and \u22120.6%, respectively. The difference between measured and expected rate of change was significant for the lumbar spine (3.0%,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.05), but not for the hip. Long-term vitamin D and calcium supplementation improves lumbar spine BMD of HIV\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    patients with osteopenia or osteoporosis and with proven calcium and\/or vitamin D deficiencies. Screening and treatment are recommended to become part of regular care.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2019.0109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]],"date-time":"2019-09-16T05:25:47Z","timestamp":1568611547000},"page":"58-64","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Long-Term Impact of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation on Bone Density in HIV\n                    <sup>+<\/sup>\n                    Patients with Documented Deficiencies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Jasmijn","family":"Faber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anneke","family":"Bech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"van Bentum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jet","family":"Gisolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert-Jan","family":"Hassing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"de Boer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874325001711010777"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/523577"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.130.5.1326"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2005.07.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","first-page":"159","article-title":"Prioritizing primary care in HIV: Comorbidity, toxicity, and demography","volume":"14","author":"Justice AC","year":"2006","unstructured":"Justice AC: Prioritizing primary care in HIV: Comorbidity, toxicity, and demography. 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