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Oxidative phosphorylation enzyme protein levels of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were measured in association with neuroimaging indices in 28 HIV+ individuals. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging yielded volumes of seven brain regions of interest; diffusion tensor imaging determined fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) in the corpus callosum (CC). Higher nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase levels correlated with lower volumes of thalamus (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.005) and cerebral white matter (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.049) and, in the CC, with lower FA (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.011, body;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.005, genu;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.009, total CC) and higher MD (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.023, body;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.035, genu;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.019, splenium;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.014, total CC). Greater cytochrome\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">c<\/jats:italic>\n                    oxidase levels correlated with lower thalamic (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.034) and cerebellar gray matter (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.021) volumes. The results indicate that systemic mitochondrial cellular bioenergetics are associated with brain health in HIV.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2019.0240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,16]],"date-time":"2019-10-16T07:59:25Z","timestamp":1571212765000},"page":"83-91","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Systemic Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Protein Levels Correlate with Neuroimaging Measures in Chronically HIV-Infected Individuals"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Kalpana J.","family":"Kallianpur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hawaii Center for AIDS, John A. 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